The Importance of Being Earnest: A Trivial Comedy for Serious People — Page 6

Vocabulary

他人

tanin — Another person; someone else; a stranger.

の

no — Possessive or nominalizing particle.

シガレット

shigaretto — Cigarette; a small rolled tobacco product.

ケース

kēsu — Case; a container or box for holding items.

を

wo — Object marker particle indicating direct object.

読む

yomu — To read; to look through written material.

は

wa — Topic marker particle highlighting the subject.

非常

hijō — Extremely; very; extraordinary degree or level.

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or manner.

紳士

shinshi — Gentleman; a man of refined manners and conduct.

ある

aru — To exist; to be; used for inanimate things.

行為

kōi — Act; action; deed; conduct performed by someone.

です

desu — Polite copula meaning 'is' or 'am' or 'are'.

おや

oya — Oh my; expression of mild surprise or wonder.

何

nani — What; used to ask about an unknown thing.

べき

beki — Should; ought to; expresses obligation or expectation.

で

de — Particle indicating location, means, or reason.

ない

nai — Not; negative form used to negate verbs or adjectives.

か

ka — Question particle placed at end of sentences.

つい

tsui — Accidentally; unintentionally; before one realizes it.

て

te — Conjunctive particle connecting actions or clauses.

厳格

genkaku — Strict; stern; rigorous in rules or standards.

な

na — Adjectival particle linking na-adjectives to nouns.

規則

kisoku — Rule; regulation; a set standard or guideline.

設ける

moukeru — To establish; to set up rules or arrangements.

なんて

nante — Such a thing as; expresses surprise or disdain.

馬鹿げ

bakage — Absurd; ridiculous; nonsensical and foolish in nature.

い

i — Adjective ending or stem of iru (to exist).

ます

masu — Polite verb ending indicating present or future tense.

現代

gendai — Modern times; the present age or contemporary era.

文化

bunka — Culture; the customs and arts of a society.

半分

hambun — Half; one of two equal portions of something.

以上

ijō — More than; at least; above a certain amount.

もの

mono — Thing; object; nominalizer adding nuance to sentences.

依存

izon — Dependence; relying on something or someone for support.

し

shi — Conjunctive form listing reasons or actions sequentially.

いる

iru — To exist; to be present; used for animate beings.

その

sono — That; referring to something near the listener.

点

ten — Point; aspect; a particular matter or regard.

十分

jūbun — Sufficient; enough; fully adequate for a purpose.

承知

shōchi — Understanding; acknowledging; being aware of a matter.

が

ga — Subject marker particle; also used for contrast.

議論

giron — Argument; debate; discussion of differing opinions.

する

suru — To do; general verb used to perform actions.

つもり

tsumori — Intention; plan; one's expectation or assumption.

あり

ari — Existence form of aru; there is; formal stem.

ませ

mase — Polite imperative or negative auxiliary verb component.

ん

n — Negative ending or explanatory sentence-final particle.

それ

sore — That; referring to something near the listener.

個人

kojin — Individual; personal; relating to a single person.

的

teki — Suffix meaning '-like', '-ish', or '-related to'.

場

ba — Place; situation; occasion or context of an event.

話す

hanasu — To speak; to talk; to converse with someone.

種類

shurui — Type; kind; category or variety of something.

こと

koto — Thing; matter; fact; nominalizer for verbal phrases.

私

watashi — I; me; first-person singular pronoun in Japanese.

ただ

tada — Just; merely; only; nothing more than that.

自分

jibun — Oneself; one's own; reflexive pronoun in Japanese.

返し

kaeshi — Return; giving back; repayment of something taken.

ほしい

hoshii — Want; desire; wishing for something to happen.

だけ

dake — Only; just; nothing more than; a limiting particle.

ええ

ee — Yes; well; expression of affirmation or hesitation.

しかし

shikashi — However; but; a conjunction showing contrast.

これ

kore — This; referring to something near the speaker.

あなた

anata — You; second-person pronoun addressing the listener.

この

kono — This; prenominal form indicating proximity to speaker.

と

to — And; with; quotation particle linking words or clauses.

いう

iu — To say; called; named; to express in words.

名

na — Name; a word by which someone is called.

方

kata — Person; a polite way to refer to someone.

から

kara — From; because; particle indicating origin or reason.

贈り物

okurimono — Gift; present; something given to another person.

名前

namae — Name; the word used to identify a person.

人物

jinbutsu — Person; character; a notable or significant individual.

知ら

shira — Stem of shiru (to know); not knowing something.

おっしゃっ

osshya(tte) — Honorific form of 'to say'; said respectfully by someone.

まし

mashi — Polite past tense auxiliary verb component.

た

ta — Past tense ending indicating completed action.

よ

yo — Sentence-final particle asserting or emphasizing information.

まあ

mā — Well; oh my; expression of mild surprise or resignation.

知り

shiri — Stem of shiru; knowing or wanting to know.

たい

tai — Want to; expresses speaker's desire to do something.

おっしゃる

ossharu — Honorific verb meaning to say or to speak.

なら

nara — If; given that; conditional particle in Japanese.

たまたま

tamatama — By chance; coincidentally; happening unexpectedly or accidentally.

叔母

oba — Aunt; a parent's younger sister or female relative.

さん

san — Honorific suffix used after names respectfully.

そう

sō — So; that's right; expressing agreement or acknowledgment.

とても

totemo — Very; extremely; used to intensify adjectives or adverbs.

素敵

suteki — Wonderful; lovely; charming; expressing admiration or delight.

老

rō — Old; elderly; prefix indicating age or seniority.

婦人

fujin — Lady; woman; a formal term for an adult female.

住ん

sun(de) — Living in; stem of sumu, to reside somewhere.

ください

kudasai — Please; polite request for an action or item.

ソファ

sofa — Sofa; an upholstered seat for multiple people.

後ろ

ushiro — Behind; the back side of something or someone.

へ

e — To; toward; directional particle indicating movement destination.

退き

shizoki / noki — Stepping back; retreating; moving away from a position.

ながら

nagara — While; simultaneously doing two actions at once.

お住まい

ossumai — Honorific word for residence; where someone lives.

なぜ

naze — Why; asking for a reason or explanation.

小さな

chiisana — Small; little; a prenominal adjective meaning tiny.

呼ぶ

yobu — To call; to name; to summon someone by name.

でしょう

deshō — Probably; right?; expressing conjecture or seeking confirmation.

読み

yomi — Reading; the act or way of reading something.

より

yori — Than; from; comparative particle in Japanese sentences.

愛

ai — Love; deep affection toward a person or thing.

込め

kome — Putting in; imbuing with feeling or meaning.

近づき

chikadzuki — Approaching; drawing closer; moving nearer to someone.

上

ue — Above; on top of; upper position or surface.

ひざまずき

hizamazuki — Kneeling; getting down on one's knees before someone.

ねえ

nee — Hey; right?; seeking agreement or gentle attention.

君

kimi — You; informal second-person pronoun used by males.

一体

ittai — What on earth; used to intensify a question.

問題

mondai — Problem; issue; a matter requiring attention or solution.

だ

da — Informal copula meaning 'is'; plain form of desu.

背

se — Back; height; the rear side of the body.

高い

takai — Tall; high; expensive; elevated in stature or price.

も

mo — Also; too; even; inclusive particle in Japanese.

いれ

ire — Putting in; inserting; conditional stem of iru/ireru.

ば

ba — If; conditional particle indicating hypothetical situations.

決め

kime — Deciding; determining; the act of making a decision.

よい

yoi — Good; fine; acceptable; expressing approval or adequacy.

事柄

kotogara — Matter; affair; a particular subject or circumstance.

違い

chigai — Difference; discrepancy; being unlike something else.

すべて

subete — All; everything; entirely without exception.

まったく

mattaku — Completely; utterly; absolutely; used for total emphasis.

同じ

onaji — Same; identical; not different from something else.

なけれ

nakere — Must; conditional negative meaning 'if there is not'.

お思い

omooi — Honorific form of thinking; what one respectfully considers.

よう

yō — Seems; like; manner; expresses appearance or resemblance.

ね

ne — Right?; isn't it?; seeking listener's agreement or confirmation.