The Odyssey: Rendered into English prose for the use of those who cannot read the original — Page 8

Vocabulary

Quiconque

ki-kɔ̃k — Whoever; anyone who does something

de

də — Of, from; general-purpose preposition

nos

no — Our; first-person plural possessive adjective

jours

ʒuʁ — Days; periods of time

discute

dis-kyt — Discusses; debates a topic or question

les

le — The; definite article for plural nouns

questions

kɛs-tjɔ̃ — Questions; issues or topics under discussion

qui

ki — Who, which, that; relative or interrogative pronoun

ont

ɔ̃ — Have; third-person plural of avoir

surgi

syʁ-ʒi — Arisen; emerged or appeared suddenly

autour

o-tuʁ — Around; surrounding a topic or object

l'

l — The; elided definite article before vowel

Iliade

i-ljad — The Iliad; Homer's epic poem about Troy

depuis

də-pwi — Since, for; indicating a starting point in time

époque

e-pɔk — Era, period; a specific time in history

sans

sɑ̃ — Without; indicating absence or lack of something

rappeler

ʁa-pəl-e — To remind, recall; to bring back to mind

clairement

klɛʁ-mɑ̃ — Clearly; in a clear and obvious manner

à

a — To, at, in; common French preposition

esprit

ɛs-pʁi — Mind, spirit; mental faculty or consciousness

son

sɔ̃ — His, her, its; third-person singular possessive

lecteur

lɛk-tœʁ — Reader; person who reads a text

que

kə — That, which; subordinating conjunction or pronoun

Odyssée

o-di-se — The Odyssey; Homer's epic of Odysseus's journey

fut

fy — Was; third-person singular simple past of être

toute

tut — All, whole, every; feminine form of tout

évidence

e-vi-dɑ̃s — Evidence; obvious proof or clear indication

écrite

e-kʁit — Written; feminine past participle of écrire

un

œ̃ — A, an, one; masculine indefinite article

seul

sœl — Alone, only, single; one and no other

et

e — And; basic coordinating conjunction

même

mɛm — Same, even, itself; emphasizing identity or similarity

lieu

ljø — Place, location; a specific spot or setting

donc

dɔ̃k — Therefore, so; indicating a logical conclusion

si

si — If, so; conditional conjunction or intensifier

rien

ʁjɛ̃ — Nothing; absence of anything relevant

d'

d — Of, from; elided preposition before vowel

autre

otʁ — Other, another; different from what was mentioned

ne

nə — Not; negation particle used with pas or rien

conduisait

kɔ̃-dɥi-zɛ — Led, drove; imperfect of conduire meaning guide

cette

sɛt — This, that; feminine demonstrative adjective

conclusion

kɔ̃-kly-zjɔ̃ — Conclusion; final judgment reached through reasoning

vraisemblablement

vʁɛ-sɑ̃-bla-blə-mɑ̃ — Probably, in all likelihood; with great plausibility

par

paʁ — By, through, per; preposition indicating agent or means

une

yn — A, an, one; feminine indefinite article

seule

sœl — Alone, only, single; feminine form of seul

personne

pɛʁ-sɔn — Person; an individual human being

qu'

k — That, which; elided form of que

elle

ɛl — She, it; third-person feminine singular pronoun

certainement

sɛʁ-tɛn-mɑ̃ — Certainly; without doubt, definitely true

avant

a-vɑ̃ — Before; prior to a time or event

selon

sə-lɔ̃ — According to; based on a source or opinion

probabilité

pʁɔ-ba-bi-li-te — Probability; likelihood of something being true

av.

a-vɑ̃ — Before; abbreviation of avant in dates

J.-C.

ʒe-ze-kʁi — BC; abbreviation for avant Jésus-Christ

auteur

o-tœʁ — Author; person who wrote a literary work

ce

sə — This, that; masculine demonstrative adjective or pronoun

poème

po-ɛm — Poem; literary work written in verse form

très

tʁɛ — Very; intensifying adverb modifying adjectives or adverbs

ancien

ɑ̃-sjɛ̃ — Ancient, old, former; existing from long ago

connaissait

kɔ-nɛ-sɛ — Knew, was familiar with; imperfect of connaître

manifestement

ma-ni-fɛst-mɑ̃ — Manifestly, obviously; in a clear evident manner

telle

tɛl — Such, as; feminine form of tel indicating manner

nous

nu — We, us; first-person plural pronoun

la

la — The; definite article for feminine singular nouns

possédons

pɔ-se-dɔ̃ — We possess, have; first-person plural of posséder

aujourd'hui

o-ʒuʁ-dɥi — Today; at the present time or day

empruntant

ɑ̃-pʁœ̃-tɑ̃ — Borrowing; taking or using from another source

aussi

o-si — Also, too, so; expressing addition or comparison

librement

li-bʁə-mɑ̃ — Freely; without restriction, openly and willingly

aux

o — To the, at the; contraction of à + les

livres

livʁ — Books; written works or sections of a text

dont

dɔ̃ — Whose, of which; relative pronoun indicating possession

authenticité

o-tɑ̃-ti-si-te — Authenticity; quality of being genuine or original

a

a — Has; third-person singular present of avoir

été

e-te — Been; past participle of être; also means summer

le

lə — The; definite article for masculine singular nouns

plus

ply — More, most; comparative or superlative adverb

mise

miz — Put, placed; feminine past participle of mettre

en

ɑ̃ — In, into, as; preposition indicating state or place

doute

dut — Doubt; uncertainty about the truth of something

ceux

sø — Those, the ones; masculine plural demonstrative pronoun

sont

sɔ̃ — Are; third-person plural present of être

reconnus

ʁə-kɔ-ny — Recognized, acknowledged; accepted as genuine or valid

comme

kɔm — As, like; indicating comparison or equivalence

étant

e-tɑ̃ — Being; present participle of être

quiconque

ki-kɔ̃k — Whoever; anyone who does a particular thing

néglige

ne-gliʒ — Neglects, ignores; fails to attend to something

ces

se — These, those; plural demonstrative adjective

points

pwɛ̃ — Points; specific matters or issues under consideration

ses

se — His, her, its; third-person plural possessive adjective

lecteurs

lɛk-tœʁ — Readers; people who read a given text

se

sə — Himself, herself, itself; reflexive pronoun

montre

mɔ̃tʁ — Shows, proves; demonstrates a quality or behavior

guère

gɛʁ — Hardly, scarcely; rarely used negative adverb

équitable

e-ki-tabl — Fair, equitable; just and impartial toward others

envers

ɑ̃-vɛʁ — Toward, with regard to; preposition of relation

eux

ø — Them; masculine plural disjunctive pronoun

revanche

ʁə-vɑ̃ʃ — Revenge; en revanche means on the other hand

annotera

a-nɔ-tə-ʁa — Will annotate; will add notes to a text

après

a-pʁɛ — After; following in time, order, or place

exemplaires

ɛg-zɑ̃-plɛʁ — Copies; individual physical copies of a publication

du

dy — Of the, from the; contraction of de + le

mentionnés

mɑ̃-sjɔ-ne — Mentioned; referred to earlier in the text

haut

o — Above, high; referring to something stated earlier

tirera

ti-ʁə-ʁa — Will draw, derive; will extract meaning or value

bon

bɔ̃ — Good; positive quality or satisfactory result

sens

sɑ̃s — Sense, meaning; significance or rational interpretation

puisse

pɥis — Can, may; subjunctive of pouvoir expressing possibility

tirer

ti-ʁe — To draw, pull, derive; to extract or obtain

présence

pʁe-zɑ̃s — Presence; the fact of being present or occurring

tant

tɑ̃ — So many, so much; indicating a large quantity

passages

pa-saʒ — Passages; sections of a text or literary work

identiques

i-dɑ̃-tik — Identical; exactly the same in every respect

dans

dɑ̃ — In, within; indicating location or inclusion

deux

dø — Two; the number 2

poèmes

po-ɛm — Poems; literary works written in verse form

trouvera

tʁu-və-ʁa — Will find; will discover or encounter something

je

ʒə — I; first-person singular subject pronoun

crois

kʁwa — Believe, think; first-person singular of croire

aucune

o-kyn — No, none, any; feminine negative indefinite adjective

difficulté

di-fi-kyl-te — Difficulty; something hard to understand or accomplish

attribuer

a-tʁi-bɥe — To attribute, assign; to credit something to someone

leur

lœʁ — Their, to them; possessive or indirect object pronoun

juste

ʒyst — Just, fair, exact; correct or precisely appropriate

valeur

va-lœʁ — Value, worth; importance or merit of something

grand

gʁɑ̃ — Great, large, big; significant in size or importance

nombre

nɔ̃bʁ — Number; quantity or count of items

ouvrages

u-vʁaʒ — Works; literary or scholarly publications or books

publiés

py-blje — Published; made available to the public in print

ici

i-si — Here; in this place or context

sur

syʁ — On, about, over; preposition of position or topic

jouissent

ʒwis — Enjoy, benefit from; third-person plural of jouir

actuellement

ak-tɥɛl-mɑ̃ — Currently, at present; at this moment in time

réputation

ʁe-py-ta-sjɔ̃ — Reputation; general opinion held about someone or something

considérable

kɔ̃-si-de-ʁabl — Considerable; notably large or significant in extent

De

də — Of, from; preposition beginning a phrase or name

c'

s — It, this; elided form of ce before est

est

ɛ — Is; third-person singular present of être

là

la — There; referring to a place or previously stated idea

peut-

pø — Can, may; beginning of peut-être meaning perhaps

être

ɛtʁ — To be; fundamental linking verb in French

avantage

a-vɑ̃-taʒ — Advantage; a benefit or favorable circumstance

mérite

me-ʁit — Merit, deserves; quality worthy of recognition or reward

davantage

da-vɑ̃-taʒ — More; to a greater degree or extent

recherché

ʁə-ʃɛʁ-ʃe — Sought after, researched; carefully pursued or investigated

il

il — He, it; third-person masculine singular pronoun

découvrira

de-ku-vʁi-ʁa — Will discover; will find out or uncover something

bien

bjɛ̃ — Well, much, indeed; adverb of quality or emphasis

des

de — Some, of the; plural indefinite article

énigmes

e-nigm — Enigmas; puzzling mysteries or riddles to be solved

cessent

sɛs — Stop, cease; third-person plural present of cesser

intriguer

ɛ̃-tʁi-ge — To intrigue, puzzle; to cause curiosity or perplexity

lorsqu'

lɔʁsk — When; temporal conjunction used before a vowel

constate

kɔ̃-stat — Notices, observes; ascertains or finds something to be true

elles

ɛl — They; third-person feminine plural subject pronoun

résultent

ʁe-zyl-t — Result from; originate or arise from a cause

imprégnation

ɛ̃-pʁɛɲ-a-sjɔ̃ — Impregnation; deep saturation or permeation with influence

excessive

ɛk-sɛ-siv — Excessive; going beyond what is necessary or appropriate