The Picture of Dorian Gray — Page 1

Vocabulary

の

no — Possessive or linking particle indicating 'of'

肖像

shōzō — Portrait; a painted or drawn likeness of someone

著

cho — Written by; authored by (used in bibliographic contexts)

目次

mokuji — Table of contents; list of chapters or sections

序文

jobun — Preface; introductory text before the main work

第一章

dai-ichi-shō — Chapter one; the first chapter of a book

第二章

dai-ni-shō — Chapter two; the second chapter of a book

第三章

dai-san-shō — Chapter three; the third chapter of a book

第四章

dai-yon-shō — Chapter four; the fourth chapter of a book

第五章

dai-go-shō — Chapter five; the fifth chapter of a book

第六章

dai-roku-shō — Chapter six; the sixth chapter of a book

第七章

dai-nana-shō — Chapter seven; the seventh chapter of a book

第八章

dai-hachi-shō — Chapter eight; the eighth chapter of a book

第九章

dai-kyū-shō — Chapter nine; the ninth chapter of a book

第十章

dai-jū-shō — Chapter ten; the tenth chapter of a book

第十一章

dai-jūichi-shō — Chapter eleven; the eleventh chapter of a book

第十二章

dai-jūni-shō — Chapter twelve; the twelfth chapter of a book

第十三章

dai-jūsan-shō — Chapter thirteen; the thirteenth chapter of a book

第十四章

dai-jūyon-shō — Chapter fourteen; the fourteenth chapter of a book

第十五章

dai-jūgo-shō — Chapter fifteen; the fifteenth chapter of a book

第十六章

dai-jūroku-shō — Chapter sixteen; the sixteenth chapter of a book

第十七章

dai-jūnana-shō — Chapter seventeen; the seventeenth chapter of a book

第十八章

dai-jūhachi-shō — Chapter eighteen; the eighteenth chapter of a book

第十九章

dai-jūkyū-shō — Chapter nineteen; the nineteenth chapter of a book

第二十章

dai-nijū-shō — Chapter twenty; the twentieth chapter of a book

芸術家

geijutsuka — Artist; a person who creates works of art

と

to — And; with; quotation particle in Japanese grammar

は

wa — Topic marker particle indicating the sentence's subject

美しい

utsukushii — Beautiful; visually or aesthetically pleasing and lovely

もの

mono — Thing; object; abstract or concrete entity

創造者

sōzōsha — Creator; one who creates or brings something into being

で

de — Copula particle indicating state or location context

ある

aru — To be; to exist (used for inanimate things or formal)

芸術

geijutsu — Art; creative expression in visual, musical, or literary form

を

wo — Object marker particle indicating the direct object

明らか

akiraka — Clear; evident; obvious and easily understood

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or manner

し

shi — Conjunctive form of 'suru' meaning to do or make

隠す

kakusu — To hide; to conceal something from others

こと

koto — Thing; fact; abstract concept or nominalized action

が

ga — Subject marker particle highlighting the grammatical subject

目的

mokuteki — Purpose; goal; aim or objective of an action

批評家

hihyōka — Critic; a person who evaluates art or literature

へ

e — Directional particle meaning toward or to something

印象

inshō — Impression; the effect something leaves on one's mind

別

betsu — Different; separate; another kind or category

様式

yōshiki — Style; form; manner or mode of expression

や

ya — And; or; particle listing multiple items loosely

新た

arata — New; fresh; renewed or recently introduced

な

na — Adjectival particle linking na-adjectives to nouns

素材

sozai — Material; raw ingredient or medium used in creation

置き換える

okikaeru — To replace; to substitute one thing for another

できる

dekiru — To be able to; to be capable of doing something

者

mono / sha — Person; one who does something; an individual agent

最高

saikō — Highest; the best or supreme level of quality

批評

hihyō — Criticism; critical evaluation of art or literature

も

mo — Also; too; even; additive particle in Japanese

最低

saitei — Lowest; the worst or minimum level of quality

とも

tomo — Both; used to indicate inclusion of multiple items

自伝

jiden — Autobiography; a self-written account of one's life

一

ichi / hito — One; the number one or a single unit

形式

keishiki — Form; format; structure or official manner of presentation

中

naka / chū — Inside; middle; among; within a group or space

醜い

minikui — Ugly; unattractive; visually or morally unpleasant

意味

imi — Meaning; significance; the sense conveyed by something

見出す

midasu — To find; to discover or identify something within

魅力

miryoku — Charm; attraction; appealing or captivating quality

なく

naku — Without; lacking; connective negative form of 'nai'

堕落

daraku — Corruption; moral decay; falling into a degraded state

て

te — Connective particle linking sequential or causal actions

いる

iru — To be; to exist (for animate beings); ongoing state

これ

kore — This; referring to something close to the speaker

欠点

ketten — Flaw; defect; shortcoming or weakness in something

洗練

senren — Refinement; sophistication; polished elegance of manner

さ

sa — Suffix nominalizing adjectives; also casual sentence filler

れ

re — Passive or potential verb suffix form in Japanese

た

ta — Past tense verb ending; indicates completed action

人々

hitobito — People; folks; multiple individuals collectively

彼ら

karera — They; them; third-person plural pronoun in Japanese

希望

kibō — Hope; wish; desire for a positive future outcome

選ば

eraba — Conditional stem of 'erabu', meaning to choose or select

あり

ari — Existence; there is; classical or formal form of 'aru'

ただ

tada — Only; merely; simply; just and nothing more

美

bi — Beauty; aesthetic value or loveliness as an ideal

み

mi — Suffix forming nouns from adjectives, e.g., beauty

する

suru — To do; to perform; the most basic action verb

道徳

dōtoku — Morality; ethics; principles of right and wrong conduct

的

teki — Suffix meaning '-like', '-al', or '-ical'; adjectival suffix

本

hon — Book; a printed or written literary work

不道徳

fudōtoku — Immorality; unethical behavior contrary to moral principles

その

sono — That; referring to something near the listener

よう

yō — Appearance; manner; seems like; resembling something

存在

sonzai — Existence; being; the state of existing or present reality

ない

nai — Not; does not exist; negative form in Japanese

よく

yoku — Well; often; frequently; adverb meaning 'good manner'

書か

kaka — Conditional or negative stem of 'kaku', to write

か

ka — Question marker particle placed at end of sentences

悪く

waruku — Badly; poorly; adverbial form of 'warui' (bad)

どちら

dochira — Which; either; polite form asking for one of two choices

それ

sore — That; referring to something near the listener

だけ

dake — Only; just; nothing more than that amount

だ

da — Informal copula meaning 'is' or 'are' in Japanese

十九

jūkyū — Nineteen; the number 19

世紀

seiki — Century; a period of one hundred years

おける

okeru — In; at; within (formal connective indicating location/context)

リアリズム

Riarizumu — Realism; artistic depiction of reality as it truly is

嫌悪

ken'o — Disgust; hatred; strong feeling of dislike or aversion

鏡

kagami — Mirror; a reflective surface showing one's image

映る

utsuru — To be reflected; to appear in a mirror or water

自分

jibun — Oneself; one's own self or personal identity

顔

kao — Face; the front part of a person's head

見

mi — Stem of 'miru', to see or look at something

怒り

ikari — Anger; rage; strong feeling of displeasure or fury

映っ

utsutte — Te-form of 'utsuru'; being reflected or shown in mirror

い

i — Stem or ending used in adjectives and verb continuations

人間

ningen — Human being; humankind; a person as a social entity

生活

seikatsu — Life; daily living; the way one lives day-to-day

主題

shudai — Theme; main subject or topic of a work

一部

ichibu — Part; a portion or section of a larger whole

なす

nasu — To form; to constitute; to make up something

道徳性

dōtokusei — Morality; moral quality or ethical character of something

不完全

fukanzen — Imperfection; incompleteness; lacking fullness or flawlessness

媒体

baitai — Medium; vehicle or means through which something is conveyed

完全

kanzen — Perfect; complete; without flaw or missing element

用いる

mochiiru — To use; to employ or make use of something

いかなる

ikanaru — Any; whatever; no matter what kind (formal expression)

何か

nanika — Something; anything; an unspecified thing or matter

証明

shōmei — Proof; demonstration; showing evidence of something's truth

しよう

shiyō — Volitional form of 'suru'; let's do or intend to do

望ま

nozoma — Negative or conditional stem of 'nozomu', to wish/hope

真実

shinjitsu — Truth; reality; what is genuinely or actually the case

さえ

sae — Even; as long as; a particle adding emphasis or condition