The Prince — Page 9
This result was attained in the battle of Vaila, when Venice lost in one day all that she had won in eight hundred years.
Ce résultat fut atteint lors de la bataille de Vaila, quand Venise perdit en un seul jour tout ce qu'elle avait gagné en huit cents ans.
Florence had a difficult part to play during these events, complicated as they were by the feud which broke out between the pope and the French, because friendship with France had dictated the entire policy of the Republic.
Florence eut un rôle difficile à jouer durant ces événements, d'autant plus compliqués qu'ils étaient marqués par la querelle qui éclata entre le pape et les Français, car l'amitié avec la France avait dicté toute la politique de la République.
When, in 1511, Julius II finally formed the Holy League against France, and with the assistance of the Swiss drove the French out of Italy, Florence lay at the mercy of the Pope, and had to submit to his terms, one of which was that the Medici should be restored.
Lorsqu'en 1511, Jules II forma finalement la Sainte Ligue contre la France et, avec l'aide des Suisses, chassa les Français d'Italie, Florence se trouva à la merci du pape et dut se soumettre à ses conditions, dont l'une était que les Médicis devaient être rétablis.
The return of the Medici to Florence on 1st September 1512, and the consequent fall of the Republic, was the signal for the dismissal of Machiavelli and his friends, and thus put an end to his public career, for, as we have seen, he died without regaining office.
Le retour des Médicis à Florence le 1er septembre 1512, et la chute consécutive de la République, fut le signal du renvoi de Machiavel et de ses amis, mettant ainsi fin à sa carrière publique, car, comme nous l'avons vu, il mourut sans avoir retrouvé de charge.
LITERATURE AND DEATH — Æt. 43-58—1512-27
LITTÉRATURE ET MORT — Æt. 43-58 — 1512-27
On the return of the Medici, Machiavelli, who for a few weeks had vainly hoped to retain his office under the new masters of Florence, was dismissed by decree dated 7th November 1512.
Au retour des Médicis, Machiavel, qui pendant quelques semaines avait vainement espéré conserver sa charge sous les nouveaux maîtres de Florence, fut renvoyé par un décret daté du 7 novembre 1512.
Shortly after this he was accused of complicity in an abortive conspiracy against the Medici, imprisoned, and put to the question by torture.
Peu après, il fut accusé de complicité dans une conspiration avortée contre les Médicis, emprisonné et soumis à la question par la torture.
The new Medicean pope, Leo X, procured his release, and he retired to his small property at San Casciano, near Florence, where he devoted himself to literature.
Le nouveau pape médicéen, Léon X, obtint sa libération, et il se retira dans sa petite propriété de San Casciano, près de Florence, où il se consacra à la littérature.
Vocabulary
- résultat
- Result or outcome of an action or event
- fut
- Past tense of 'être'; was (simple past)
- atteint
- Reached or achieved a goal or result
- lors
- At the time of; used in 'lors de'
- bataille
- A battle or military combat between forces
- quand
- Conjunction or adverb meaning 'when'
- Venise
- Venice, a famous city in northeastern Italy
- perdit
- Lost something; simple past of 'perdre'
- seul
- Alone, single, or only one
- jour
- A day; a 24-hour period of time
- tout
- All, everything, or entirely
- avait
- Imperfect of 'avoir'; had (in the past)
- gagné
- Won or earned through effort or competition
- huit
- The number eight
- cents
- Hundreds; plural of 'cent' meaning one hundred
- ans
- Years; plural of 'an' meaning one year
- eut
- Simple past of 'avoir'; had
- rôle
- A role or part played in a situation
- difficile
- Difficult or hard to accomplish or understand
- jouer
- To play; to perform a role or action
- durant
- During; throughout a period of time
- événements
- Events; things that happen over a period
- autant
- As much, as many, or all the more so
- compliqués
- Complicated or complex in nature
- étaient
- Imperfect of 'être'; were (in the past)
- marqués
- Marked or characterized by notable features
- querelle
- A quarrel or dispute between parties
- éclata
- Broke out or erupted suddenly (simple past)
- entre
- Preposition meaning 'between' two or more things
- pape
- The Pope; head of the Catholic Church
- Français
- French people or the French language
- car
- Conjunction meaning 'because' or 'for'
- amitié
- Friendship or friendly relationship between people
- dicté
- Dictated or determined the direction of something
- politique
- Policy or political approach of a government
- République
- A republic; a state governed by elected officials
- Lorsqu'
- When; conjunction used before a vowel sound
- forma
- Formed or established (simple past of 'former')
- finalement
- Finally or ultimately, after a long process
- Sainte
- Holy or saint; feminine form of 'saint'
- Ligue
- League or alliance of states or parties
- contre
- Preposition meaning 'against' or 'opposed to'
- aide
- Help, assistance, or support given to someone
- chassa
- Drove out or expelled (simple past of 'chasser')
- Italie
- Italy, a country in southern Europe
- trouva
- Found or found itself (simple past of 'trouver')
- merci
- Mercy; at the mercy of someone's power
- dut
- Had to; simple past of 'devoir'
- soumettre
- To submit or yield to authority or conditions
- conditions
- Terms or requirements imposed in an agreement
- dont
- Relative pronoun meaning 'of which' or 'whose'
- était
- Imperfect of 'être'; was (describing past state)
- devaient
- Were supposed to; imperfect of 'devoir'
- être
- To be; the infinitive of the verb 'be'
- rétablis
- Restored or reinstated to a former position
- retour
- Return; coming back to a place or power
- septembre
- September; the ninth month of the year
- chute
- Fall or downfall of a person or government
- consécutive
- Consecutive or directly following as a result
- signal
- Signal or sign triggering a subsequent event
- renvoi
- Dismissal or expulsion from a position or job
- amis
- Friends; plural of 'ami' meaning friend
- mettant
- Putting or placing; present participle of 'mettre'
- ainsi
- Thus, in this way, or consequently
- fin
- End or conclusion of something
- carrière
- Career or professional life of a person
- publique
- Public; relating to the general community or state
- comme
- As or like; used for comparison or manner
- avons
- First-person plural of 'avoir'; we have
- vu
- Seen; past participle of 'voir' (to see)
- mourut
- Died; simple past of 'mourir'
- sans
- Preposition meaning 'without'
- avoir
- To have; infinitive of the auxiliary verb
- retrouvé
- Found again or regained something previously lost
- charge
- An official position, duty, or public office
- LITTÉRATURE
- Literature; written works of artistic or intellectual value
- MORT
- Death; the end of life
- pendant
- During or for a period of time
- quelques
- A few or some; indicating a small number
- semaines
- Weeks; plural of 'semaine' meaning one week
- vainement
- In vain; without success or result
- espéré
- Hoped for; past participle of 'espérer'
- conserver
- To keep, preserve, or maintain something
- sous
- Preposition meaning 'under' or 'beneath'
- nouveaux
- New; masculine plural form of 'nouveau'
- maîtres
- Masters or rulers in a position of authority
- renvoyé
- Dismissed or sent away from a position
- décret
- A decree or official order issued by authority
- daté
- Dated; bearing a specific date on a document
- novembre
- November; the eleventh month of the year
- Peu
- Little; a small amount or shortly (peu après)
- après
- After; following in time or order
- accusé
- Accused of wrongdoing or participation in a crime
- complicité
- Complicity; involvement in a wrongdoing or conspiracy
- conspiration
- A conspiracy or secret plot against authority
- avortée
- Failed or aborted; did not come to fruition
- emprisonné
- Imprisoned or put in jail by authorities
- soumis
- Subjected to or submitted to something
- question
- Torture by questioning; judicial interrogation under pain
- torture
- Infliction of severe pain to extract information
- nouveau
- New; indicating a recent or different thing
- obtint
- Obtained or secured; simple past of 'obtenir'
- libération
- Liberation or release from captivity or prison
- retira
- Withdrew or retired; simple past of 'se retirer'
- petite
- Small or little; feminine form of 'petit'
- propriété
- Property or estate owned by a person
- près
- Near or close to a place or thing
- où
- Where; relative adverb indicating a place
- consacra
- Devoted or dedicated himself to an activity
- littérature
- Literature; the art of written creative or scholarly works
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