The Republic — Page 14

Vocabulary

Pour

poor — Preposition meaning 'for' or 'in order to'

lui

lwi — Third-person singular pronoun meaning 'him' or 'her'

même

mɛm — Means 'same' or 'even,' used for emphasis

la

la — Definite article 'the' for feminine singular nouns

question

kɛs-tjɔ̃ — A question or issue being discussed or examined

quelle

kɛl — Interrogative adjective meaning 'what' or 'which' (feminine)

était

e-tɛ — Past imperfect form of 'être,' meaning 'was'

l'

l — Contracted definite article 'the' before a vowel

intention

ɛ̃-tɑ̃-sjɔ̃ — A purpose or aim behind an action or work

de

də — Preposition meaning 'of,' 'from,' or 'by'

auteur

o-tœʁ — The author or creator of a written work

ou

u — Conjunction meaning 'or,' presenting an alternative

quel

kɛl — Interrogative adjective meaning 'what' or 'which' (masculine)

argument

aʁ-ɡy-mɑ̃ — A reason or point made to support a claim

principal

pʁɛ̃-si-pal — Main or most important element of something

République

ʁe-py-blik — Plato's philosophical dialogue titled 'The Republic'

aurait

o-ʁɛ — Conditional form of 'avoir,' meaning 'would have'

été

e-te — Past participle of 'être,' meaning 'been'

à

a — Preposition meaning 'to,' 'at,' or 'in'

peine

pɛn — Means 'barely' or 'hardly' when used with 'à'

intelligible

ɛ̃-tɛ-li-ʒibl — Capable of being understood or comprehended clearly

et

e — Conjunction meaning 'and,' connecting words or clauses

ferait

fə-ʁɛ — Conditional form of 'faire,' meaning 'would do'

donc

dɔ̃k — Conjunction meaning 'therefore' or 'so'

mieux

mjø — Comparative adverb meaning 'better'

d'

d — Contracted preposition 'de' before a vowel

être

ɛtʁ — Infinitive verb meaning 'to be'

immédiatement

i-me-djat-mɑ̃ — Adverb meaning 'immediately' or 'right away'

écartée

e-kaʁ-te — Dismissed or set aside, feminine past participle form

Introduction

ɛ̃-tʁo-dyk-sjɔ̃ — An introductory section at the beginning of a text

au

o — Contracted article meaning 'to the' or 'at the'

La

la — Definite feminine article 'the'

n'

n — Contracted negation particle 'ne' before a vowel

est

ɛ — Third-person singular present of 'être,' meaning 'is'

elle

ɛl — Third-person feminine pronoun meaning 'she' or 'it'

pas

pa — Negation word used with 'ne' to mean 'not'

le

lə — Definite article 'the' for masculine singular nouns

véhicule

ve-i-kyl — A vehicle or medium conveying ideas or messages

trois

tʁwa — The number three

quatre

katʁ — The number four

grandes

ɡʁɑ̃d — Feminine plural adjective meaning 'great' or 'large'

vérités

ve-ʁi-te — Plural noun meaning 'truths' or 'true facts'

qui

ki — Relative pronoun meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that'

dans

dɑ̃ — Preposition meaning 'in' or 'inside'

esprit

ɛs-pʁi — Mind, spirit, or intellect of a person

se

sə — Reflexive pronoun meaning 'oneself' or 'themselves'

représentent

ʁə-pʁe-zɑ̃t — Third-person plural of 'représenter,' meaning 'represent'

plus

ply — Adverb meaning 'more' or 'most'

naturellement

na-ty-ʁɛl-mɑ̃ — Adverb meaning 'naturally' or 'of course'

sous

su — Preposition meaning 'under' or 'beneath'

forme

fɔʁm — Form, shape, or format of something

État

e-ta — The state or government as a political entity

Tout

tu — Adjective or pronoun meaning 'all,' 'every,' or 'whole'

comme

kɔm — Conjunction or adverb meaning 'like,' 'as,' or 'how'

chez

ʃe — Preposition meaning 'at the home of' or 'among'

les

le — Plural definite article 'the'

prophètes

pʁɔ-fɛt — Plural of 'prophète,' meaning religious prophets or seers

juifs

ʒɥif — Plural masculine adjective or noun meaning 'Jewish' or 'Jews'

règne

ʁɛɲ — Reign or kingdom of a ruler or divine figure

du

dy — Contracted article meaning 'of the' (masculine singular)

Messie

me-si — The Messiah, a savior figure in Jewish and Christian traditions

jour

ʒuʁ — Day, or a specific significant day or moment

Seigneur

sɛ-ɲœʁ — The Lord, a title for God or a noble ruler

Serviteur

sɛʁ-vi-tœʁ — Servant, one who serves another person or God

souffrant

su-fʁɑ̃ — Suffering, present participle of 'souffrir'

peuple

pœpl — People or nation as a collective group

Dieu

djø — God, the supreme divine being

Soleil

so-lɛj — The sun, central star of our solar system

justice

ʒys-tis — Justice or fairness as a moral or legal principle

aux

o — Contracted article meaning 'to the' or 'of the' (plural)

ailes

ɛl — Wings of a bird or symbolic wings of an idea

guérisseuses

ɡe-ʁi-søz — Healing, feminine plural adjective describing curative power

ne

nə — Negation particle used with 'pas' to mean 'not'

transmettent

tʁɑ̃s-mɛt — Third-person plural of 'transmettre,' meaning 'transmit'

moins

mwɛ̃ — Adverb meaning 'less' or 'fewer'

nous

nu — First-person plural pronoun meaning 'we' or 'us'

que

kə — Conjunction or pronoun meaning 'that,' 'which,' or 'than'

leurs

lœʁ — Possessive adjective meaning 'their' (plural)

grands

ɡʁɑ̃ — Masculine plural adjective meaning 'great' or 'large'

idéaux

i-de-o — Plural of 'idéal,' meaning ideals or lofty principles

spirituels

spi-ʁi-tɥɛl — Spiritual, relating to the soul or higher moral values

c'

s — Contracted demonstrative pronoun 'ce' before a vowel

travers

tʁa-vɛʁ — Used in 'à travers,' meaning 'through' or 'across'

grec

ɡʁɛk — Greek, referring to the Greek philosopher or language

révèle

ʁe-vɛl — Reveals or discloses something previously hidden

ses

se — Possessive adjective meaning 'his,' 'her,' or 'its' (plural)

propres

pʁɔpʁ — Own, as in 'one's own,' indicating personal possession

pensées

pɑ̃-se — Thoughts or reflections of a person's mind

sur

syʁ — Preposition meaning 'on,' 'about,' or 'concerning'

perfection

pɛʁ-fɛk-sjɔ̃ — The state of being perfect or without flaws

divine

di-vin — Adjective meaning 'divine' or 'relating to God'

idée

i-de — An idea, concept, or intellectual notion

bien

bjɛ̃ — The good, or well; a fundamental philosophical concept

semblable

sɑ̃-blabl — Similar or comparable to something else

soleil

so-lɛj — The sun, used here as a philosophical analogy

monde

mɔ̃d — The world or universe as a whole

visible

vi-zibl — Able to be seen; the visible or perceptible world

humaine

y-mɛn — Feminine adjective meaning 'human'

éducation

e-dy-ka-sjɔ̃ — Education, the process of learning and development

commençant

kɔ-mɑ̃-sɑ̃ — Present participle of 'commencer,' meaning 'beginning'

jeunesse

ʒø-nɛs — Youth or the period of being young

poursuivant

puʁ-sɥi-vɑ̃ — Present participle of 'poursuivre,' meaning 'continuing' or 'pursuing'

années

a-ne — Years, plural of 'année'

ultérieures

yl-te-ʁjœʁ — Later or subsequent years or periods

poètes

pɔ-ɛt — Poets, plural of 'poète'

tyrans

ti-ʁɑ̃ — Tyrants, oppressive and cruel rulers

sont

sɔ̃ — Third-person plural present of 'être,' meaning 'are'

faux

fo — False or fake; incorrect or deceptive

maîtres

mɛtʁ — Masters or teachers, plural of 'maître'

mauvais

mo-vɛ — Bad or evil; of poor quality or harmful nature

gouvernants

ɡu-vɛʁ-nɑ̃ — Rulers or governing leaders of a state

humanité

y-ma-ni-te — Humanity or humankind as a whole

en

ɑ̃ — Preposition meaning 'in,' 'as,' or 'by'

incarnation

ɛ̃-kaʁ-na-sjɔ̃ — An incarnation or embodiment of an ideal or principle

un

œ̃ — Indefinite article meaning 'a' or 'an' (masculine)

royaume

ʁwa-jom — A kingdom or realm ruled by a king

existe

ɛɡ-zist — Exists, third-person singular of 'exister'

nulle

nyl — No or none, feminine form of 'nul'

part

paʁ — Part or place; used in 'nulle part' meaning 'nowhere'

terre

tɛʁ — Earth or land, the physical ground or planet

mais

mɛ — Conjunction meaning 'but,' introducing a contrast

réservé

ʁe-zɛʁ-ve — Reserved or set aside for a specific purpose

ciel

sjɛl — Sky or heaven, the realm above the earth

pour

puʁ — Preposition meaning 'for' or 'in order to'

servir

sɛʁ-viʁ — To serve or function as something for someone

modèle

mɔ-dɛl — A model or example to be followed or imitated

règle

ʁɛɡl — A rule or guideline governing behavior or life

vie

vi — Life, the state of being alive

Nulle

nyl — No or none, used in 'nulle création' meaning 'no creation'

création

kʁe-a-sjɔ̃ — Creation, something made or brought into existence

aussi

o-si — Also or as; used in comparisons or additions

inspirée

ɛ̃-spi-ʁe — Inspired, feminine past participle of 'inspirer'

harmonie

aʁ-mɔ-ni — Harmony, a pleasing combination of elements

avec

a-vɛk — Preposition meaning 'with'

nuages

nɥaʒ — Clouds, plural of 'nuage'

lorsque

lɔʁs-kə — Conjunction meaning 'when,' introducing a time clause

transperce

tʁɑ̃s-pɛʁs — Pierces through or penetrates something completely

Chaque

ʃak — Each or every individual item in a group

nuance

nɥɑ̃s — A subtle distinction or variation in meaning or tone

lumière

ly-mjɛʁ — Light, the natural illumination from the sun

obscurité

ɔps-ky-ʁi-te — Darkness or obscurity, absence of light or clarity

vérité

ve-ʁi-te — Truth, the quality of being true or accurate

fiction

fik-sjɔ̃ — Fiction or invented story, not based on fact

voile

vwal — A veil or cover concealing something beneath it

permise

pɛʁ-miz — Permitted or allowed, feminine past participle of 'permettre'

une

yn — Indefinite article meaning 'a' or 'an' (feminine)

œuvre

œvʁ — A work of art, literature, or intellectual creation

imagination

i-ma-ʒi-na-sjɔ̃ — Imagination, the ability to form mental images or ideas

philosophique

fi-lo-zo-fik — Philosophical, relating to philosophy or deep reasoning