The Social Cancer: A Complete English Version of Noli Me Tangere — Page 9

Vocabulary

Isto

EES-too — This; used to refer to something nearby or just mentioned.

em

eng — In, at, on; common Portuguese preposition of location/time.

o

oo — The; masculine definite article in Portuguese.

transcritor

trans-kree-TOR — Transcriber; person who copies or transcribes documents.

dominicano

doh-mee-nee-KAH-noo — Dominican; relating to the Dominican religious order.

do

doo — Of the; contraction of de + o in Portuguese.

registro

heh-ZHEES-troo — Record, register; official written documentation of events.

acrescentou

ah-kreh-sen-TOH — Added, appended; past tense of acrescentar, to add.

uma

OO-mah — A, an; feminine indefinite article in Portuguese.

nota

NOH-tah — Note; brief written remark or annotation in a document.

muito

MWEE-too — Very, much; adverb or adjective indicating great degree.

esclarecedora

es-klah-reh-seh-DOH-rah — Clarifying, illuminating; that which sheds light on something.

revelando

heh-veh-LAN-doo — Revealing; present participle of revelar, to reveal.

a

ah — The; feminine definite article, or preposition meaning to/at.

imutabilidade

ee-moo-tah-bee-lee-DAH-dee — Immutability; quality of being unchangeable or fixed.

sistema

sees-TEH-mah — System; organized set of principles, rules, or structures.

e

ee — And; basic coordinating conjunction in Portuguese.

mostrando

mos-TRAN-doo — Showing; present participle of mostrar, to show.

que

keh — That, which, who; versatile conjunction or relative pronoun.

os

ooz — The; masculine plural definite article in Portuguese.

governantes

goh-ver-NAN-teez — Rulers, governors; those who hold political governing power.

possuíam

poh-soo-EE-ang — They possessed; imperfect past tense of possuir, to possess.

grau

GRAW — Degree, level; measure of intensity or rank.

superlativo

soo-per-lah-TEE-voo — Superlative; expressing the highest degree of a quality.

traço

TRAH-soo — Trait, feature; characteristic quality of a person or group.

de

dee — Of, from; extremely common Portuguese preposition.

não

nawng — No, not; basic negation word in Portuguese.

aprender

ah-pren-DEHR — To learn; to acquire knowledge or a new skill.

nada

NAH-dah — Nothing; pronoun indicating the absence of anything.

esquecer

es-keh-SEHR — To forget; to fail to remember something previously known.

Mesmo

MEZ-moo — Even, same; used for emphasis or to indicate similarity.

quando

KWAN-doo — When; conjunction or adverb referring to time.

eu

EH-oo — I; first person singular subject pronoun in Portuguese.

era

EH-rah — Was; imperfect past tense of ser, to be.

missionário

mee-syoh-NAH-ryoo — Missionary; person sent to spread religious beliefs abroad.

entre

EN-tree — Between, among; preposition indicating position or relationship.

pagãos

pah-GANGS — Pagans; people who do not follow an Abrahamic religion.

tive

CHEE-vee — I had; first person singular preterite of ter, to have.

ocasião

oh-kah-zyAWNG — Occasion, opportunity; a particular time or chance to act.

observar

ob-ser-VAR — To observe; to watch carefully or notice something.

referida

heh-feh-REE-dah — Referred to, aforementioned; the policy previously mentioned.

política

poh-LEE-tee-kah — Policy, politics; plan of action or political affairs.

informar

een-for-MAR — To inform; to give information or notify someone.

chefe

SHEH-fee — Chief, leader, boss; person in command of a group.

da

dah — Of the; feminine contraction of de + a in Portuguese.

fortaleza

for-tah-LEH-zah — Fortress, fort; strong military stronghold or defensive structure.

sobre

SOH-bree — About, over, on; preposition indicating subject or position.

as

ahz — The; feminine plural definite article in Portuguese.

medidas

meh-DEE-dahz — Measures, steps; actions taken to achieve a goal.

ele

EH-lee — He, him; third person masculine singular pronoun.

deveria

deh-veh-REE-ah — Should, ought to; conditional of dever, indicating obligation.

tomar

toh-MAR — To take; to seize or adopt an action or object.

fazer

fah-ZEHR — To do, to make; essential verb for performing actions.

falsa

FAL-sah — False; adjective meaning untrue, fake, or deceptive.

demonstração

deh-mon-strah-SAWNG — Demonstration; act of showing or displaying something publicly.

outro

OH-troo — Other, another; pronoun or adjective indicating a different one.

lado

LAH-doo — Side; one of two or more parts of something.

para

PAH-rah — For, to, in order to; preposition of purpose or direction.

pudesse

poo-DEH-see — Could; imperfect subjunctive of poder, expressing possibility.

exercer

eh-zer-SEHR — To exercise, to exert; to use power or influence actively.

influência

een-floo-EN-syah — Influence; the power to affect others' actions or opinions.

Assim

ah-SING — Thus, so, this way; adverb indicating manner or conclusion.

se

see — Oneself, if; reflexive pronoun or conditional conjunction.

destaca

des-TAH-kah — Stands out, highlights; third person present of destacar.

alto

AL-too — High, tall; adjective describing great height or prominence.

relevo

heh-LEH-voo — Relief, prominence; standing out in importance or sculpture.

como

KOH-moo — As, like, how; conjunction or adverb of comparison or manner.

um

oong — A, an, one; masculine indefinite article in Portuguese.

construído

kons-troo-EE-doo — Built, constructed; past participle of construir, to build.

mantido

man-CHEE-doo — Maintained, kept; past participle of manter, to maintain.

pela

PEH-lah — By the; feminine contraction of por + a in Portuguese.

fraude

FRAW-dee — Fraud, deceit; deliberate deception for unfair gain.

força

FOR-sah — Force, strength; physical or political power used to compel.

destinado

des-tee-NAH-doo — Destined, intended; meant for a particular purpose or end.

pelo

PEH-loo — By the; masculine contraction of por + o in Portuguese.

curso

KUR-soo — Course, flow; natural progression or path of events.

natural

nah-too-RAL — Natural; occurring in nature or as a normal consequence.

das

dahz — Of the; feminine plural contraction of de + as.

coisas

KOY-zahz — Things; general word for objects, matters, or affairs.

durar

doo-RAR — To last, to endure; to continue existing over time.

apenas

ah-PEH-nahz — Only, just; adverb limiting or restricting a statement.

enquanto

en-KWAN-too — While, as long as; conjunction indicating simultaneous duration.

engano

en-GAH-noo — Deception, mistake; an act of misleading or being misled.

ser

sehr — To be; fundamental Portuguese verb expressing identity or essence.

repressiva

heh-preh-SEE-vah — Repressive; tending to suppress freedoms or opposition forcefully.

conservada

kon-ser-VAH-dah — Preserved, kept; maintained in its current state over time.

suficiente

soo-fee-SYEN-tee — Sufficient, enough; adequate to meet a need or requirement.

Sua

SOO-ah — Its, her, your; third person feminine possessive adjective.

manutenção

mah-noo-ten-SAWNG — Maintenance; act of keeping something in working or existing condition.

exigia

eh-zee-ZHEE-ah — Required, demanded; imperfect past tense of exigir.

diferentes

dee-feh-REN-teez — Different; adjective indicating dissimilarity between things.

seções

seh-SOINZ — Sections, divisions; distinct parts of a larger whole.

fossem

FOH-seng — Were; imperfect subjunctive of ser, used in subordinate clauses.

isoladas

ee-zoh-LAH-dahz — Isolated; kept separate or apart from others.

umas

OO-mahz — Some; feminine plural indefinite article or pronoun.

outras

OH-trahz — Others; feminine plural pronoun referring to different ones.

modo

MOH-doo — Mode, manner, way; method or fashion of doing something.

haver

ah-VEHR — To have, to exist; auxiliary verb indicating existence or occurrence.

desenvolvimento

deh-zen-vol-vee-MEN-too — Development; process of growth or progress toward advancement.

direção

dee-reh-SAWNG — Direction; course toward a goal or leadership of something.

entendimento

en-ten-dee-MEN-too — Understanding; mutual comprehension between people or groups.

comum

koh-MOONG — Common; shared by all or widely occurring among people.

à

ah — To the; feminine contraction of a + a, dative preposition.

cooperação

koh-oh-peh-rah-SAWNG — Cooperation; working together toward a shared goal.

sua

SOO-ah — Its, her, your; possessive adjective for third person singular.

permanência

per-mah-NEN-syah — Permanence; quality of lasting or remaining unchanged over time.

dependia

deh-pen-DEE-ah — Depended; imperfect past tense of depender, to depend.

manter

man-TEHR — To maintain, to keep; to preserve something in its state.

povo

POH-voo — People, population; the common people of a nation.

ignorante

ee-gnoh-RAN-tee — Ignorant; lacking knowledge or awareness of something.

satisfeito

sah-chees-FAY-too — Satisfied, content; feeling pleased with one's situation.

com

kong — With; preposition indicating accompaniment or association.

sorte

SOR-chee — Fate, luck; one's fortune or lot in life.

sob

sohb — Under; preposition indicating subordination or subjection.

estrito

es-TREE-too — Strict, tight; rigid or precisely enforced control.

controle

kon-TROH-lee — Control; power to direct or regulate something or someone.

medo

MEH-doo — Fear; feeling of anxiety caused by real or perceived danger.

religioso

heh-lee-zhee-OH-zoo — Religious; relating to or practicing religion or faith.

político

poh-LEE-tee-koo — Political; relating to governance, power, or public affairs.

No

noo — In the; masculine contraction of em + o in Portuguese.

entanto

en-TAN-too — However; used in no entanto to introduce a contrast.

representava

heh-preh-zen-TAH-vah — Represented; imperfect past tense of representar, to represent.

grande

GRAN-dee — Great, large; adjective indicating large size or importance.

melhoria

meh-lyoh-REE-ah — Improvement; a positive change making something better.

relação

heh-lah-SAWNG — Relation, relationship; connection between things or people.

ao

ow — To the; masculine contraction of a + o in Portuguese.

seu

SEH-oo — His, her, its, your; masculine possessive adjective or pronoun.

antigo

an-CHEE-goo — Ancient, old, former; existing or occurring long ago.

vida

VEE-dah — Life; the existence and experiences of a living being.

condição

kon-dee-SAWNG — Condition; state or circumstance of a person or thing.

melhorava

meh-lyoh-RAH-vah — Was improving; imperfect past of melhorar, to improve.

medida

meh-DEE-dah — Measure; used in à medida que meaning as or insofar as.

cresciam

kreh-SYAHNG — Were growing; imperfect past tense of crescer, to grow.

dentro

DEN-troo — Inside, within; preposition or adverb indicating interior location.

tal

tal — Such; adjective or pronoun referring to something previously mentioned.