The Social Cancer: A Complete English Version of Noli Me Tangere — Page 5
The tactics employed in the conquest and the subsequent behavior of the conquerors were true to the old Spanish nature, so succinctly characterized by a plain-spoken Englishman of Mary's reign, when the war-cry of Castile encircled the globe and even hovered ominously near the "sceptered isle," when in the intoxication of power character stands out so sharply defined: "They be verye wyse and politicke, and can, thorowe ther wysdome, reform and brydell theyr owne natures for a tyme, and applye ther conditions to the manners of those men with whom they meddell gladlye by friendshippe; whose mischievous maners a man shall never know untyll he come under ther subjection; but then shall he parfectlye parceve and fele them: for in dissimulations untyll they have ther purposes, and afterwards in oppression and tyrannye, when they can obtain them, they do exceed all other nations upon the earthe." [1]
征服中所采用的战术以及征服者此后的行为,完全体现了西班牙人古老的本性。玛丽女王统治时期,一位直言不讳的英国人对此作了极为简明的描述——彼时卡斯蒂利亚的战吼响彻全球,甚至不祥地回荡于"执权杖之岛"的近旁,权力的陶醉使人的性格愈发鲜明毕露:「彼辈极为精明而善谋算,能凭其智慧,一时收敛克制其本性,使其行事迎合与之乐于结交之人的风俗习惯;其险恶之性情,人在未受其统治之前,断难知晓;然一旦沦于其辖制之下,则将彻底领略并切身感受:盖彼辈在尚未达其目的之时,惯用虚伪掩饰;一旦目的得逞,则施以压迫与暴政,其残酷程度,凌驾于世上所有其他民族之上。」[1]
In the working out of this spirit, with all the indomitable courage and fanatical ardor derived from the long contests with the Moors, they reduced the native peoples to submission, but still not to the galling yoke which they fastened upon the aborigines of America, to make one Las Casas shine amid the horde of Pizarros.
在这种精神的驱使下,凭借长期与摩尔人抗争所锻炼出的不屈勇气与狂热热忱,他们迫使当地民众俯首称臣,然而所施加的压迫,毕竟尚未达到他们套在美洲土著身上那令人难以忍受的枷锁的程度——正是那般枷锁,才使得一个拉斯·卡萨斯在皮萨罗之流的群氓中熠熠生辉。
Vocabulary
- 征服
- zhēngfú — To conquer or subjugate by force
- 中
- zhōng — In, within, among
- 所
- suǒ — Particle indicating passive or nominalizing action
- 采用
- cǎiyòng — To adopt or employ a method or approach
- 战术
- zhànshù — Military tactics or strategic maneuvers
- 以及
- yǐjí — As well as, along with
- 征服者
- zhēngfúzhě — Conqueror, one who conquers others
- 此后
- cǐhòu — After this, from this point on
- 行为
- xíngwéi — Behavior, conduct, actions of a person
- 完全
- wánquán — Completely, entirely, fully
- 体现
- tǐxiàn — To embody or reflect a quality or idea
- 西班牙人
- Xībānyárén — Spanish person or people from Spain
- 古老
- gǔlǎo — Ancient, very old, time-honored
- 本性
- běnxìng — Innate nature, true character of someone
- 女王
- nǚwáng — Queen, female monarch of a country
- 统治
- tǒngzhì — To rule or govern a country or people
- 时期
- shíqī — Period, era, a span of time
- 一位
- yī wèi — One (person), polite measure word for people
- 直言不讳
- zhíyán bùhuì — Speaking frankly without concealment or hesitation
- 英国人
- Yīngguórén — British person, someone from England
- 对此
- duìcǐ — Regarding this, in response to this matter
- 极为
- jíwéi — Extremely, exceedingly, to a great degree
- 简明
- jiǎnmíng — Concise and clear, brief yet informative
- 描述
- miáoshù — To describe or depict something in detail
- 彼时
- bǐshí — At that time, in those days (literary)
- 战吼
- zhànhǒu — Battle cry, war shout during combat
- 响彻
- xiǎngchè — To resound throughout, echo everywhere loudly
- 全球
- quánqiú — The entire world, globally, worldwide
- 甚至
- shènzhì — Even, going so far as to
- 不祥
- bùxiáng — Ominous, inauspicious, foreboding ill
- 回荡
- huídàng — To reverberate, echo, resound repeatedly
- 于
- yú — In, at, from (literary preposition)
- 近旁
- jìnpáng — Nearby, in the vicinity, close by
- 权力
- quánlì — Power, authority, political or social control
- 陶醉
- táozuì — To be intoxicated by, deeply indulged in
- 使
- shǐ — To cause, make, enable someone to do
- 性格
- xìnggé — Personality, character traits of a person
- 愈发
- yùfā — Increasingly, more and more, even more so
- 鲜明
- xiānmíng — Vivid, distinct, clear and striking
- 毕露
- bìlù — Fully revealed, completely exposed or shown
- 彼辈
- bǐbèi — Those people, that group (literary, slightly contemptuous)
- 精明
- jīngmíng — Shrewd, astute, clever in practical matters
- 而
- ér — And, but, while (conjunction linking clauses)
- 善谋算
- shàn móusuàn — Skilled at scheming and calculating strategically
- 能
- néng — Can, able to, capable of doing
- 凭
- píng — By means of, relying on, based on
- 其
- qí — His, her, its, their (literary pronoun)
- 智慧
- zhìhuì — Wisdom, intelligence, insight and discernment
- 一时
- yīshí — Temporarily, for a period of time
- 收敛
- shōuliǎn — To restrain oneself, hold back, tone down
- 克制
- kèzhì — To restrain, control oneself, show self-discipline
- 行事
- xíngshì — To act, conduct oneself, handle affairs
- 迎合
- yínghé — To cater to, accommodate, please others
- 与之
- yǔ zhī — With them, together with that person (literary)
- 乐于
- lèyú — Willing to, happy to, glad to do
- 结交
- jiéjiāo — To make friends, associate with others socially
- 之人
- zhī rén — Such a person, the person in question (literary)
- 风俗
- fēngsú — Customs, social traditions of a community
- 习惯
- xíguàn — Habit, custom, accustomed practice
- 险恶
- xiǎn'è — Treacherous, sinister, dangerous and wicked
- 之
- zhī — Possessive or linking particle (literary)
- 性情
- xìngqíng — Temperament, disposition, innate nature
- 之前
- zhīqián — Before, prior to a time or event
- 断难
- duànnán — Absolutely impossible, extremely difficult (literary)
- 知晓
- zhīxiǎo — To know, be aware of, understand clearly
- 然
- rán — But, however, yet (literary conjunction)
- 一旦
- yīdàn — Once, as soon as something happens
- 沦于
- lúnyú — To fall into, sink into a bad condition
- 辖制
- xiázhì — To control, dominate, keep under subjugation
- 之下
- zhī xià — Under, beneath, subordinate to (literary)
- 则
- zé — Then, in that case (literary conjunction)
- 将
- jiāng — Will, shall (future tense marker, literary)
- 彻底
- chèdǐ — Thoroughly, completely, without reservation
- 领略
- lǐnglüè — To experience, appreciate, come to understand
- 并
- bìng — And, also, moreover (conjunction)
- 切身
- qiēshēn — Personally felt, directly affecting oneself
- 感受
- gǎnshòu — To feel, experience, personal sensation
- 盖
- gài — For, because (classical explanatory particle)
- 尚未
- shàngwèi — Not yet, still not accomplished
- 达
- dá — To reach, attain, achieve a goal
- 目的
- mùdì — Purpose, goal, objective one aims for
- 之时
- zhī shí — At the time of, when (literary expression)
- 惯用
- guànyòng — To habitually use, customarily employ
- 虚伪
- xūwěi — Hypocritical, deceitful, insincere, false
- 掩饰
- yǎnshì — To cover up, conceal, disguise the truth
- 得逞
- déchěng — To succeed in a scheme, achieve evil aim
- 施以
- shīyǐ — To impose, apply, inflict upon someone
- 压迫
- yāpò — Oppression, suppression of people by force
- 与
- yǔ — And, with (conjunction or preposition)
- 暴政
- bàozhèng — Tyranny, brutal and oppressive governance
- 残酷
- cánkù — Cruel, brutal, ruthless, merciless
- 程度
- chéngdù — Degree, level, extent of something
- 凌驾
- língjià — To surpass, override, tower above others
- 世上
- shìshàng — In the world, on earth, worldwide
- 所有
- suǒyǒu — All, every, all of something
- 其他
- qítā — Other, the rest, remaining others
- 民族
- mínzú — Nation, ethnic group, people or nationality
- 之上
- zhī shàng — Above, over, superior to (literary)
- 这种
- zhè zhǒng — This kind of, this type of thing
- 精神
- jīngshén — Spirit, mindset, mental attitude or energy
- 驱使
- qūshǐ — To drive, impel, urge someone to act
- 凭借
- píngjiè — By means of, relying on, thanks to
- 长期
- chángqī — Long-term, over an extended period of time
- 抗争
- kàngzhēng — To struggle against, resist, fight back
- 锻炼
- duànliàn — To train, exercise, temper through practice
- 不屈
- bùqū — Unyielding, indomitable, refusing to surrender
- 勇气
- yǒngqì — Courage, bravery, boldness in facing danger
- 狂热
- kuángrè — Fanatical, zealous, intense and extreme enthusiasm
- 热忱
- rèchén — Ardor, enthusiasm, sincere passionate devotion
- 迫使
- pòshǐ — To force, compel someone to do something
- 当地
- dāngdì — Local, of that place, indigenous to area
- 民众
- mínzhòng — The masses, common people, general population
- 俯首称臣
- fǔshǒu chēngchén — To bow in submission, yield completely to authority
- 然而
- rán'ér — However, but, nevertheless (transitional conjunction)
- 施加
- shījiā — To exert, apply pressure or influence upon
- 毕竟
- bìjìng — After all, in the end, when all is said
- 达到
- dádào — To reach, achieve, attain a goal or level
- 套在
- tào zài — To put on, place around, fit over something
- 美洲
- Měizhōu — The Americas, North and South America continents
- 土著
- tǔzhù — Indigenous, native inhabitants of a land
- 身上
- shēnshàng — On one's body, on a person
- 令人
- lìngrén — Causing people to feel, making one feel
- 难以忍受
- nányǐ rěnshòu — Unbearable, intolerable, impossible to endure
- 枷锁
- jiāsuǒ — Shackles, chains, bondage and oppressive constraints
- 正是
- zhèngshì — Precisely, exactly, it is just that
- 那般
- nàbān — Like that, in that manner, such as that
- 才
- cái — Only then, not until then (adverb)
- 使得
- shǐde — To cause, make it so that, enable
- 之流
- zhī liú — Such people, the likes of (often derogatory)
- 群氓
- qúnméng — The rabble, a mob, ignorant crowd of people
- 熠熠生辉
- yìyì shēnghuī — Shining brilliantly, glittering with radiant light
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