The Souls of Black Folk — Page 13

Vocabulary

人们

rénmen — People; referring to people in general.

称

chēng — To call; to refer to something as.

这

zhè — This; indicating something nearby or just mentioned.

阴影

yīnyǐng — Shadow; dark influence or negative effect.

为

wéi — As; to be; used to define or label something.

偏见

piānjiàn — Prejudice; biased opinion against someone or something.

并

bìng — And; furthermore; used to connect clauses.

煞有介事

shà yǒu jiè shì — Acting as if something is very serious; pretentiously solemn.

地

de — Adverbial particle; modifies verbs or adjectives.

将

jiāng — To take; used to introduce the object of a verb.

其

qí — Its; his; her; a third-person pronoun or possessive.

解释

jiěshì — To explain; to interpret; an explanation.

文明

wénmíng — Civilization; civilized; cultural advancement.

对

duì — Against; toward; in relation to.

野蛮

yěmán — Barbaric; uncivilized; savage behavior.

的

de — Structural particle indicating possession or modification.

天然

tiānrán — Natural; occurring in nature; innate.

防御

fángyù — Defense; protection against attack or harm.

知识

zhīshi — Knowledge; information and understanding acquired through learning.

无知

wúzhī — Ignorance; lack of knowledge or awareness.

纯洁

chúnjié — Purity; being morally clean or innocent.

罪恶

zuì'è — Evil; sin; wickedness or wrongdoing.

高等

gāoděng — Higher; superior; advanced in rank or quality.

种族

zhǒngzú — Race; ethnic group; racial category.

低等

dīděng — Lower; inferior; of lesser rank or quality.

对此

duì cǐ — Regarding this; in response to this matter.

黑人

hēirén — Black person; person of African descent.

高呼

gāohū — To shout loudly; to call out with enthusiasm.

发誓

fāshì — To swear an oath; to vow or pledge solemnly.

对于

duìyú — Regarding; with respect to; concerning.

这种

zhè zhǒng — This kind of; this type of.

奇特

qítè — Strange; peculiar; unusual and remarkable.

中

zhōng — Among; within; inside.

凡是

fánshì — Whatever; any and all; without exception.

建立

jiànlì — To establish; to build; to found something.

在

zài — In; at; on; indicates location or condition.

文化

wénhuà — Culture; civilization; cultural practices and values.

正义

zhèngyì — Justice; righteousness; moral correctness.

与

yǔ — And; with; together with.

进步

jìnbù — Progress; advancement; improvement over time.

正当

zhèngdàng — Legitimate; proper; rightful and justified.

崇敬

chóngjìng — Reverence; deep respect and admiration for something.

之上

zhī shàng — Above; on top of; based upon.

部分

bùfen — Part; portion; a section of a whole.

他

tā — He; him; third-person masculine pronoun.

甘愿

gānyuàn — Willingly; gladly; doing something of one's own accord.

谦恭

qiāngōng — Humble and respectful; deferential in manner.

俯首称臣

fǔ shǒu chēng chén — To bow and submit; to yield complete obedience.

然而

rán'ér — However; but; yet; indicating a contrast.

面对

miànduì — To face; to confront; to deal with directly.

那

nà — That; those; indicating something distant or mentioned.

超越

chāoyuè — To surpass; to transcend; to go beyond limits.

了

le — Particle indicating completion or change of state.

这一切

zhè yīqiè — All of this; everything mentioned previously.

无名

wúmíng — Nameless; anonymous; without a name or title.

却

què — Yet; but; however; indicating contrast.

束手无策

shù shǒu wú cè — Helpless; at a loss; unable to do anything.

惊惶失措

jīnghuáng shīcuò — Panic-stricken; flustered and confused by fear.

几乎

jīhū — Almost; nearly; very close to being something.

哑口无言

yǎ kǒu wú yán — Speechless; unable to say a word in response.

针对

zhēnduì — Aimed at; targeting; directed specifically toward.

个人

gèrén — Individual; personal; relating to one person.

轻蔑

qīngmiè — Contempt; scorn; treating someone with disdain.

嘲弄

cháonòng — To mock; to ridicule; to make fun of someone.

奚落

xīluò — To taunt; to sneer at; to mock sarcastically.

系统性

xìtǒngxìng — Systematic; organized and structured in approach.

羞辱

xiūrǔ — Humiliation; to shame or disgrace someone.

事实

shìshí — Fact; truth; actual reality of a situation.

歪曲

wāiqū — To distort; to misrepresent; to twist the truth.

幻想

huànxiǎng — Fantasy; illusion; imagining unrealistic things.

放肆

fàngsì — Unbridled; reckless; behaving without restraint.

纵容

zòngróng — To indulge; to tolerate; to allow without restraint.

美好

měihǎo — Beautiful and good; wonderful; fine and pleasant.

冷漠

lěngmò — Indifferent; cold; showing no care or concern.

无视

wúshì — To ignore; to disregard; to pay no attention to.

丑陋

chǒulòu — Ugly; unattractive; unpleasant in appearance.

喧嚣

xuānxiāo — Clamor; noisy uproar; loud and chaotic noise.

欢迎

huānyíng — To welcome; to greet warmly; to receive gladly.

无处不在

wúchù bù zài — Everywhere; omnipresent; existing in all places.

一切

yīqiè — Everything; all things; without exception.

黑色

hēisè — Black; the color black.

事物

shìwù — Things; objects; matters and affairs in general.

从

cóng — From; since; starting from a point.

到

dào — To; until; reaching a destination or point.

魔鬼

móguǐ — Devil; demon; an evil supernatural being.

灌输

guànshū — To instill; to indoctrinate; to force ideas into someone.

鄙视

bǐshì — To despise; to look down on with contempt.

对象

duìxiàng — Object; target; the subject of an action.

欲望

yùwàng — Desire; craving; strong longing for something.

一种

yī zhǒng — A kind of; a type of; one sort of.

令人作呕

lìng rén zuò ǒu — Nauseating; disgusting; causing a feeling of revulsion.

绝望

juéwàng — Despair; hopelessness; complete loss of hope.

油然而生

yóurán ér shēng — To arise naturally; to well up spontaneously within.

足以

zúyǐ — Sufficient to; enough to; capable of doing something.

令

lìng — To cause; to make; to order someone to do.

任何

rènhé — Any; whatever; no matter which one.

民族

mínzú — Nation; ethnic group; a people sharing identity.

缴械

jiǎo xiè — To disarm; to surrender weapons; rendered defenseless.

气馁

qìněi — Discouraged; disheartened; losing confidence and spirit.

唯独

wéidú — Only; solely; exclusively this one exception.

大众

dàzhòng — The masses; the general public; ordinary people.

除外

chúwài — Except; excluding; with the exception of.

因为

yīnwèi — Because; since; for the reason that.

他们

tāmen — They; them; third-person plural pronoun.

那里

nàlǐ — There; that place; over there.

尚无

shàng wú — Still lacking; not yet having; without so far.

成文

chéngwén — Written down; codified in written form officially.

如此

rúcǐ — Such; like this; in this way or manner.

巨大

jùdà — Huge; enormous; very large in scale or degree.

不可避免

bùkě bìmiǎn — Inevitable; unavoidable; certain to happen regardless.

会

huì — Will; can; indicating probability or ability.

带来

dàilái — To bring; to cause; to result in something.

自我

zìwǒ — Self; oneself; relating to one's own identity.

怀疑

huáiyí — To doubt; to suspect; to question something's truth.

贬低

biǎndī — To belittle; to demean; to lower someone's status.

以及

yǐjí — As well as; and also; together with.

理想

lǐxiǎng — Ideal; aspiration; a vision of what should be.

沉沦

chénlún — To sink; to fall into degradation or despair.

这些

zhèxiē — These; referring to multiple things nearby or mentioned.

始终

shǐzhōng — Always; from beginning to end; consistently throughout.

压迫

yāpò — Oppression; to oppress; to suppress through force.

相伴相生

xiāng bàn xiāng shēng — To coexist and grow together; mutually accompanying each other.

滋长

zīzhǎng — To grow; to breed; to foster development of something.

于

yú — In; at; from; a literary preposition.

仇恨

chóuhèn — Hatred; intense hostility and animosity toward someone.

氛围

fēnwéi — Atmosphere; ambiance; the prevailing mood of environment.

之中

zhī zhōng — Within; amid; in the middle of something.

窃窃私语

qièqiè sīyǔ — To whisper; to talk quietly in hushed tones.

不祥

bùxiáng — Ominous; inauspicious; foreboding bad luck or misfortune.

征兆

zhēngzhào — Omen; sign; a signal of things to come.

随

suí — Following; along with; accompanying something.

四方

sìfāng — All directions; everywhere; the four cardinal directions.

瞧

qiáo — Look; see; an exclamation urging someone to observe.

我们

wǒmen — We; us; first-person plural pronoun.

病弱

bìngruò — Sickly and weak; frail due to illness.

垂死

chuísǐ — Dying; on the verge of death; moribund.

黑暗

hēi'àn — Darkness; dark; absence of light or hope.

人群

rénqún — Crowd; a large group of people gathered together.

不会

bù huì — Cannot; unable to; not knowing how to.

书写

shūxiě — To write; to put words down in written form.

投票

tóupiào — To vote; casting a ballot in an election.

毫无意义

háo wú yìyì — Completely meaningless; utterly pointless; without any purpose.

既然

jìrán — Since; given that; seeing that something is true.

终究

zhōngjiū — In the end; ultimately; after all is said.

只能

zhǐ néng — Can only; having no other option available.

侍奉

shìfèng — To serve; to attend to; to wait upon someone.

他人

tārén — Others; other people; someone other than oneself.

教育

jiàoyù — Education; the process of teaching and learning.

何用

hé yòng — What use; of what purpose; why bother at all.

而

ér — And; but; yet; a conjunctive particle.

这个

zhège — This; this one; referring to a specific thing.

国家

guójiā — Country; nation; a sovereign state.

也

yě — Also; too; as well; similarly.

回应

huíyìng — To respond; to reply; to answer back.

强化

qiánghuà — To strengthen; to reinforce; to make more powerful.

批判

pīpàn — To criticize; critical analysis; to judge negatively.

说道

shuōdào — To say; said; used to introduce someone's words.

安于

ānyú — To be content with; to accept complacently.

别无他求

bié wú tā qiú — Asking for nothing else; having no other desires.

之辈

zhī bèi — Such people; those of this kind or category.

何须

hé xū — Why need; what need is there for something.