The Thousand and One Nights, Vol. I.: Commonly Called the Arabian Nights' Entertainments — Page 9
Since the downfall of the Arab Empire of Baghdád, Cairo has been the chief of Arabian cities: its Memlook Sulṭáns, introduced into Egypt in their youth, naturally adopted, to a great degree, the manners of its native inhabitants, which the 'Osmánlee Turks in later days have but little altered.
Dalla caduta dell'Impero arabo di Baghdád, Il Cairo è stata la principale delle città arabe: i suoi Sultani Memlook, introdotti in Egitto nella loro giovinezza, adottarono naturalmente, in larga misura, i costumi dei suoi abitanti nativi, che i Turchi 'Osmánlee nei tempi successivi hanno modificato ben poco.
Cairo is the city in which Arabian manners now exist in the most refined state; and such I believe to have been the case when the present work was composed."
Il Cairo è la città in cui i costumi arabi esistono oggi nel loro stato più raffinato; e tale credo fosse la situazione quando la presente opera fu composta."
Mr. Lane's first two visits to Egypt were made when, for the last time, Arab manners and customs as they existed in the age of the Arabian Nights could be studied; and his translation was written very shortly after his second return to England.
Le prime due visite del signor Lane in Egitto avvennero quando, per l'ultima volta, era possibile studiare i costumi e le usanze arabe così come esistevano nell'epoca delle Mille e una notte; e la sua traduzione fu scritta molto poco tempo dopo il suo secondo ritorno in Inghilterra.
Though some of the tales may be Indian or Persian in origin, in their present state they exhibit a picture of the manners, modes of thought, and language, of the court and times of the Memlook Sulṭáns of Egypt, which nearly resembled in these points those of the Khaleefehs of Baghdád, or the great Arab Empire.
Sebbene alcune delle storie possano essere di origine indiana o persiana, nel loro stato attuale offrono un quadro dei costumi, dei modi di pensare e del linguaggio della corte e dei tempi dei Sultani Memlook d'Egitto, che sotto questi aspetti erano molto simili a quelli dei Califfi di Baghdád, ovvero del grande Impero arabo.
De Sacy and Von Hammer, the two celebrated orientalists who differed widely in opinion as to the origin of the book, agreed that the tales in which the Khaleefeh Hároon Er-Rasheed is introduced (the best, with few exceptions, in the collection) are Egyptian in character.
De Sacy e Von Hammer, i due celebri orientalisti che dissentivano ampiamente sull'origine del libro, concordavano nel ritenere che i racconti in cui viene introdotto il Califfo Hároon Er-Rasheed (i migliori, con poche eccezioni, della raccolta) siano di carattere egiziano.
But since the "Modern Egyptians" were described by Mr.
Ma da quando gli «Egiziani moderni» furono descritti dal signor
Vocabulary
- Dalla
- From the, combining preposition and feminine article
- caduta
- Fall, collapse, or downfall of something
- dell'
- Of the, contracted preposition before vowel
- Impero
- Empire, a large dominion ruled by an emperor
- arabo
- Arab or Arabic, relating to Arab culture
- di
- Of, indicating possession or origin
- Il
- The, masculine singular definite article
- è
- Is, third person singular of essere
- stata
- Been, past participle of essere, feminine form
- la
- The, feminine singular definite article
- principale
- Main, primary, or most important among others
- delle
- Of the, preposition combined with feminine plural article
- città
- City or town, an urban settlement
- arabe
- Arab, feminine plural adjective relating to Arabs
- i
- The, masculine plural definite article
- suoi
- His, her, or its, masculine plural possessive adjective
- introdotti
- Introduced or brought in, past participle masculine plural
- in
- In, preposition indicating location or inclusion
- Egitto
- Egypt, country in northeastern Africa
- nella
- In the, preposition combined with feminine singular article
- loro
- Their or they, third person plural pronoun
- giovinezza
- Youth, the period of being young
- adottarono
- They adopted, past tense of adottare
- naturalmente
- Naturally, in a natural or expected manner
- larga
- Large, wide, or broad, feminine singular adjective
- misura
- Measure, extent, or degree of something
- costumi
- Customs, traditions, or habits of a people
- dei
- Of the, preposition combined with masculine plural article
- abitanti
- Inhabitants, people who live in a place
- nativi
- Natives, people originally from a specific place
- che
- That, which, or who, conjunction or relative pronoun
- nei
- In the, preposition combined with masculine plural article
- tempi
- Times, periods, or eras of history
- successivi
- Subsequent, following in time or order
- hanno
- They have, third person plural of avere
- modificato
- Modified or changed, past participle of modificare
- ben
- Well or very, adverb emphasizing degree
- poco
- Little or few, indicating small quantity
- cui
- Whose or whom, relative pronoun in Italian
- arabi
- Arabs, people of Arab origin or culture
- esistono
- Exist, third person plural of esistere
- oggi
- Today, referring to the current day
- nel
- In the, preposition combined with masculine singular article
- stato
- State or condition, also past participle of essere
- più
- More or most, comparative or superlative adverb
- raffinato
- Refined, sophisticated, or cultivated in manner
- e
- And, coordinating conjunction joining words or clauses
- tale
- Such, of that kind or nature
- credo
- I believe, first person singular of credere
- fosse
- Was, imperfect subjunctive of essere
- situazione
- Situation, the circumstances or state of affairs
- quando
- When, conjunction or adverb of time
- presente
- Present or current, existing at this time
- opera
- Work, literary or artistic creation
- fu
- Was, third person singular simple past of essere
- composta
- Composed or created, past participle feminine of comporre
- Le
- The, feminine plural definite article
- prime
- First, feminine plural ordinal adjective
- due
- Two, the number two
- visite
- Visits, trips made to a person or place
- del
- Of the, preposition combined with masculine singular article
- signor
- Mister or sir, polite title for a man
- avvennero
- Occurred or took place, past tense of avvenire
- per
- For, through, or by, versatile Italian preposition
- l'
- The, definite article contracted before a vowel
- ultima
- Last, final, feminine singular ordinal adjective
- volta
- Time or occasion, as in one time
- era
- Was, third person singular imperfect of essere
- possibile
- Possible, able to be done or achieved
- studiare
- To study, to learn or examine carefully
- le
- The, feminine plural definite article
- usanze
- Customs or practices, traditional habits of a society
- così
- So, thus, or in this way
- come
- As, like, or how, conjunction or adverb
- esistevano
- Existed, imperfect tense of esistere, they existed
- nell'
- In the, preposition contracted before a vowel
- epoca
- Era or epoch, a particular period of history
- Mille
- Thousand, referring to one thousand nights
- una
- One or a, feminine indefinite article or numeral
- notte
- Night, the dark period between sunset and sunrise
- sua
- His, her, or its, feminine singular possessive adjective
- traduzione
- Translation, conversion of text into another language
- scritta
- Written, past participle feminine of scrivere
- molto
- Very, much, or a lot, adverb of degree
- tempo
- Time or weather, referring to duration or period
- dopo
- After, following in time or order
- il
- The, masculine singular definite article
- suo
- His, her, or its, masculine singular possessive adjective
- secondo
- Second, second in order or a return trip
- ritorno
- Return, the act of coming back
- Inghilterra
- England, country in the United Kingdom
- Sebbene
- Although or even though, concessive conjunction
- alcune
- Some, a few, feminine plural indefinite adjective
- storie
- Stories or tales, narrative accounts or histories
- possano
- May or can, present subjunctive of potere
- essere
- To be, fundamental Italian auxiliary and linking verb
- origine
- Origin, source or starting point of something
- indiana
- Indian, feminine adjective relating to India
- o
- Or, conjunction presenting an alternative choice
- persiana
- Persian, feminine adjective relating to Persia or Iran
- attuale
- Current or present-day, existing at this time
- offrono
- They offer or provide, third person plural of offrire
- un
- A or an, masculine indefinite article
- quadro
- Picture, frame, or depiction of a scene
- modi
- Manners, ways, or modes of doing something
- pensare
- To think, to reflect or consider something
- linguaggio
- Language or speech, the way people communicate
- della
- Of the, preposition combined with feminine singular article
- corte
- Court, a royal or noble household and its entourage
- d'
- Of, preposition contracted before a vowel
- sotto
- Under or below, preposition indicating lower position
- questi
- These, masculine plural demonstrative adjective or pronoun
- aspetti
- Aspects, particular features or sides of something
- erano
- Were, third person plural imperfect of essere
- simili
- Similar, resembling or alike in characteristics
- a
- To, at, or in, basic Italian preposition
- quelli
- Those, masculine plural demonstrative pronoun
- ovvero
- Or rather, that is, clarifying conjunction
- grande
- Great or large, adjective describing size or importance
- celebri
- Famous or celebrated, renowned among many people
- dissentivano
- They disagreed, imperfect tense of dissentire
- ampiamente
- Widely or extensively, to a great degree
- sull'
- On the, preposition contracted before a vowel
- libro
- Book, a written or printed literary work
- concordavano
- They agreed, imperfect tense of concordare
- ritenere
- To consider or believe, to hold an opinion
- racconti
- Tales or stories, short narrative accounts
- viene
- Comes or is, third person singular of venire
- introdotto
- Introduced, past participle masculine singular of introdurre
- migliori
- Best or better, superlative or comparative of buono
- con
- With, preposition indicating accompaniment or means
- poche
- Few, feminine plural indicating small number
- eccezioni
- Exceptions, cases that differ from the general rule
- raccolta
- Collection or anthology, a gathered set of works
- siano
- Are, present subjunctive of essere
- carattere
- Character or nature, essential quality of something
- egiziano
- Egyptian, relating to Egypt or its culture
- Ma
- But, conjunction indicating contrast or exception
- da
- By, from, or since, versatile Italian preposition
- gli
- The, masculine plural definite article before vowels
- Egiziani
- Egyptians, people from or relating to Egypt
- moderni
- Modern, belonging to or characteristic of recent times
- furono
- Were, third person plural simple past of essere
- descritti
- Described, past participle masculine plural of descrivere
- dal
- By the, preposition combined with masculine singular article
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