The Yellow Wallpaper — Page 9

Vocabulary

彼女

kanojo — She; her; also means 'girlfriend' in modern usage.

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or indirect object.

書い

kai — Conjunctive form of 'kaku'; to write something down.

て

te — Conjunctive particle connecting actions or clauses sequentially.

いる

iru — To exist (animate); indicates ongoing action with -te form.

ところ

tokoro — Place; moment; the act of just doing something.

を

wo — Particle marking the direct object of a verb.

見つけ

mitsuke — Stem of 'mitsukeru'; to find or discover something.

られ

rare — Passive or potential auxiliary verb suffix form.

は

wa — Topic marker particle highlighting the sentence topic.

いけない

ikenai — Must not; it is not allowed or permissible.

完璧

kanpeki — Perfect; flawless; without any defect or error.

で

de — Particle indicating means, location of action, or reason.

熱心

nesshin — Earnest; enthusiastic; devoted and hardworking in effort.

な

na — Adjectival noun modifier connecting na-adjective to noun.

主婦

shufu — Housewife; a woman who manages the household.

あり

ari — Classical form of 'aru'; to be or exist formally.

これ

kore — This; refers to something close to the speaker.

以上

ijou — More than; beyond; above a certain level or point.

の

no — Possessive or nominalizing particle linking nouns and phrases.

職業

shokugyou — Occupation; profession; one's job or line of work.

など

nado — Et cetera; and so on; listing particle for examples.

望ん

nozon — Conjunctive form of 'nozomu'; to wish or desire something.

ない

nai — Negative auxiliary; indicates something does not exist or occur.

私

watashi — I; me; first-person singular pronoun in Japanese.

病気

byouki — Illness; sickness; a state of being unwell.

せ

se — Causative auxiliary verb stem; makes someone do something.

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary verb; indicates completed action.

文

bun — Sentence; written text; a unit of written expression.

書く

kaku — To write; to compose text with a writing instrument.

こと

koto — Thing; fact; nominalizer turning verb phrases into nouns.

だ

da — Copula; informal form of 'desu' meaning 'is' or 'are'.

と

to — Particle meaning 'and', 'with', or quotation marker.

思っ

omot — Conjunctive form of 'omou'; to think or feel something.

違いない

chigainai — No doubt; must certainly be; expressing strong conviction.

でも

demo — But; however; introduces a contrasting or unexpected statement.

が

ga — Subject marker particle; also means 'but' between clauses.

外出

gaishutsu — Going out; leaving the house for outside activities.

し

shi — Conjunctive verb form; listing reasons or sequential actions.

とき

toki — Time; moment; when a certain situation occurs.

でき

deki — Stem of 'dekiru'; to be able to do something.

この

kono — This (preceding noun); refers to something near the speaker.

窓

mado — Window; an opening in a wall for light and air.

から

kara — From; because; particle indicating origin or reason.

ずっと

zutto — All along; continuously; far into the distance.

遠く

tooku — Far away; a distant place or location.

姿

sugata — Figure; appearance; the visible form or shape of someone.

も

mo — Also; even; too; an inclusive or emphatic particle.

見える

mieru — To be visible; to appear; can be seen naturally.

一つ

hitotsu — One thing; one piece; the number one for objects.

道路

douro — Road; street; a paved path for vehicle travel.

見渡せ

miwatase — Potential/imperative form of 'miwatasu'; to overlook a wide view.

その

sono — That (preceding noun); refers to something near the listener.

道

michi — Road; path; way; a route for traveling.

美しく

utsukushiku — Beautifully; adverbial form of 'utsukushii' meaning beautiful.

木陰

kokage — Shade of a tree; shadow cast beneath tree branches.

曲がりくねっ

magarikunet — Winding; meandering; twisting and turning repeatedly along path.

もう

mou — Already; anymore; soon; expressing a changed state.

ただ

tada — Just; merely; only; nothing more than something.

田園

den'en — Countryside; rural landscape of fields and farmland.

方向

houkou — Direction; the way toward which something points or moves.

眺める

nagameru — To gaze at; to look out over a scenic view.

また

mata — Also; again; furthermore; introducing an additional point.

大きな

ookina — Large; big; great in size or scale.

木

ki — Tree; wood; a woody perennial plant.

や

ya — And; listing particle connecting nouns among other examples.

よう

you — Like; similar to; appears as; resembling something described.

草原

sougen — Meadow; grassland; an open area covered with grass.

満ち

michi — Conjunctive form of 'michiru'; to be full or filled.

壁紙

kabegami — Wallpaper; decorative paper or pattern covering interior walls.

異なる

kotonaru — To differ; to be different from something else entirely.

色合い

iroai — Hue; tint; the shade or tone of a color.

一種

isshu — A kind; a sort; one type of something described.

下地

shitaji — Background; base coat; underlying foundation of a surface.

模様

moyou — Pattern; design; a decorative motif on a surface.

特に

toku ni — Especially; particularly; more than other things mentioned.

苛立たしい

iradatashii — Irritating; vexing; causing frustration or annoyance to someone.

特定

tokutei — Specific; particular; identifying one thing from among others.

光

hikari — Light; a radiance or beam of visible illumination.

下

shita — Below; under; the lower part or position of something.

しか

shika — Only; nothing but; used with negative for limitation.

見え

mie — Stem of 'mieru'; to be visible or appear to exist.

はっきり

hakkiri — Clearly; distinctly; in a plain and obvious manner.

しかし

shikashi — However; but; introduces a contrasting statement or idea.

色褪せ

iroase — Faded; discolored; having lost original brightness over time.

場所

basho — Place; location; a specific spot or area.

ちょうど

choudo — Exactly; just right; precisely at a given time or amount.

よく

yoku — Well; often; frequently; in a good or skillful manner.

日光

nikkou — Sunlight; the light and warmth emitted by the sun.

当たっ

atat — Conjunctive form of 'ataru'; to hit or be struck by.

奇妙

kimyou — Strange; peculiar; odd in an unusual or curious way.

腹立たしい

haradatashii — Infuriating; enraging; causing strong anger or indignation.

形

katachi — Shape; form; the outline or figure of something.

人影

hitokage — Silhouette; shadow of a person; a dim human figure.

もの

mono — Thing; object; a tangible or abstract entity or matter.

あの

ano — That (over there); refers to something distant from both speakers.

馬鹿げ

bakage — Stem of 'bakarashii/bakageru'; absurd, ridiculous, foolish in nature.

目立つ

medatsu — To stand out; to be conspicuous or noticeable to others.

表

omote — Front; surface; the outer or visible side of something.

裏

ura — Back; reverse side; the hidden or interior surface.

隠れ

kakure — Hiding; concealment; to be out of sight or hidden.

思える

omoeru — To seem; to appear; it feels or seems to be so.

階段

kaidan — Stairs; staircase; steps leading between different floor levels.

義姉

gishi — Sister-in-law; the sister of one's spouse or sibling's wife.

さて

sate — Well; now then; transitional phrase shifting to a new topic.

独立

dokuritsu — Independence; self-reliance; freedom from outside control or rule.

記念

kinen — Commemoration; memorial; marking a significant event or anniversary.

日

hi — Day; the sun; a unit of time equal to 24 hours.

終わっ

owat — Conjunctive form of 'owaru'; to end or finish something.

みんな

minna — Everyone; all; everybody in a group together.

帰っ

kaet — Conjunctive form of 'kaeru'; to return home or go back.

しまい

shimai — Ending up; completion; doing something to a final conclusion.

すっかり

sukkari — Completely; entirely; thoroughly exhausted or changed in state.

疲れ

tsukare — Tiredness; fatigue; the state of being exhausted or weary.

しまっ

shimat — Conjunctive form of 'shimau'; completed action, often with regret.

少し

sukoshi — A little; a small amount; slightly or not very much.

人

hito — Person; people; a human being or individual.

会う

au — To meet; to encounter someone face to face.

ため

tame — For; in order to; for the purpose or benefit of.

なる

naru — To become; to turn into a new state or condition.

思い

omoi — Thought; feeling; deep emotion or strong sentiment held inside.

母

haha — Mother; one's own biological or adoptive female parent.

子供

kodomo — Child; children; a young person not yet an adult.

たち

tachi — Plural suffix for people; indicates a group of persons.

一週間

isshuukan — One week; a period of seven consecutive days.

呼ん

yon — Conjunctive form of 'yobu'; to call or invite someone.

もちろん

mochiron — Of course; naturally; it goes without saying that.

何

nani — What; which thing; an interrogative pronoun asking for identification.

なかっ

nakat — Past negative form of 'nai'; was not; did not exist.

今

ima — Now; at present; at this current moment in time.

すべて

subete — Everything; all; the entirety of things without exception.

取り仕切っ

torishikirt — Managing everything; taking charge of all arrangements completely.

それ

sore — That; it; refers to something near the listener.

やはり

yahari — As expected; after all; just as one had thought.

もし

moshi — If; supposing; used to introduce a hypothetical condition.

回復

kaifuku — Recovery; restoration to health or a former good condition.

遅け

osoke — Conditional stem of 'osoi'; if it is slow or late.

ば

ba — Conditional particle meaning 'if' or 'when' a condition is met.

秋

aki — Autumn; fall; the season between summer and winter.

へ

e — Directional particle indicating movement toward a destination.

送る

okuru — To send; to escort; to dispatch someone or something.

言っ

it — Conjunctive form of 'iu'; to say or tell something.

そこ

soko — There; that place; a location near the listener.

全然

zenzen — Not at all; completely (used with negatives); absolutely not.

行き

yuki — Going; stem of 'iku'; the act of going somewhere.

たく

taku — Desiderative stem form of '-tai'; wanting to do something.