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Thus Spake Zarathustra: A Book for All and None — Page 6

English → It Preface Level 9/10

But it is meant to be a possibility which men of the present could realise with all their spiritual and physical energies, provided they adopted the new values.

Ma è intesa come una possibilità che gli uomini del presente potrebbero realizzare con tutte le loro energie spirituali e fisiche, a condizione che adottassero i nuovi valori.

The author of "Zarathustra" never lost sight of that egregious example of a transvaluation of all values through Christianity, whereby the whole of the deified mode of life and thought of the Greeks, as well as strong Romedom, was almost annihilated or transvalued in a comparatively short time.

L'autore di «Zarathustra» non perse mai di vista quell'insigne esempio di una rivalutazione di tutti i valori attraverso il Cristianesimo, per mezzo della quale l'intero modo di vita e di pensiero divinizzato dei Greci, così come la potente romanità, fu quasi annientato o rivalutato in un tempo relativamente breve.

Could not a rejuvenated Graeco-Roman system of valuing (once it had been refined and made more profound by the schooling which two thousand years of Christianity had provided) effect another such revolution within a calculable period of time, until that glorious type of manhood shall finally appear which is to be our new faith and hope, and in the creation of which Zarathustra exhorts us to participate?

Non potrebbe un ringiovanito sistema greco-romano di valutazione (una volta che fosse stato raffinato e reso più profondo dalla formazione che duemila anni di Cristianesimo hanno fornito) effettuare un'altra tale rivoluzione entro un periodo di tempo calcolabile, finché quel glorioso tipo di umanità apparirà finalmente, che dovrà essere la nostra nuova fede e speranza, e alla cui creazione Zarathustra ci esorta a partecipare?

In his private notes on the subject the author uses the expression "Superman" (always in the singular, by-the-bye), as signifying "the most thoroughly well-constituted type," as opposed to "modern man"; above all, however, he designates Zarathustra himself as an example of the Superman.

Nei suoi appunti privati sull'argomento, l'autore usa l'espressione «Superuomo» (sempre al singolare, per inciso), come a significare «il tipo più compiutamente ben costituito», in contrapposizione all'«uomo moderno»; soprattutto, tuttavia, egli designa Zarathustra stesso come un esempio del Superuomo.

In "Ecco Homo" he is careful to enlighten us concerning the precursors and prerequisites to the advent of this highest type, in referring to a certain passage in the "Gay Science":—

In «Ecce Homo» egli si preoccupa di illuminarci riguardo ai precursori e ai prerequisiti dell'avvento di questo tipo supremo, facendo riferimento a un certo passo nella «Gaia Scienza»:—

"In order to understand this type, we must first be quite clear in regard to the leading physiological condition on which it depends: this condition is what I call GREAT HEALTHINESS.

«Per comprendere questo tipo, dobbiamo prima essere del tutto chiari riguardo alla condizione fisiologica fondamentale da cui dipende: questa condizione è ciò che io chiamo GRANDE SALUTE.

Vocabulary

Ma: ma — Conjunction meaning 'but', expressing contrast or exception.
è: è — Third person singular of 'essere'; means 'is'.
intesa: intesa — Understanding or agreement between parties.
come: come — Conjunction or adverb meaning 'as' or 'how'.
una: una — Indefinite article for feminine nouns meaning 'a/an'.
possibilità: possibilità — Possibility; the chance or potential for something.
che: che — Conjunction or pronoun meaning 'that', 'which', or 'who'.
gli: gli — Definite article or pronoun for masculine plural nouns.
uomini: uomini — Plural of 'uomo'; means 'men' or 'humans'.
del: del — Contraction of 'di' and 'il'; means 'of the'.
presente: presente — The present; current time or moment.
potrebbero: potrebbero — Conditional form of 'potere'; means 'they could'.
realizzare: realizzare — To realize or achieve something; to bring into existence.
con: con — Preposition meaning 'with', indicating accompaniment or means.
tutte: tutte — Feminine plural of 'tutto'; means 'all' or 'every'.
le: le — Feminine plural definite article meaning 'the'.
loro: loro — Possessive or personal pronoun meaning 'their' or 'they'.
energie: energie — Plural of 'energia'; energies or powers applied to tasks.
spirituali: spirituali — Adjective meaning spiritual; relating to the spirit or soul.
e: e — Conjunction meaning 'and', connecting words or phrases.
fisiche: fisiche — Feminine plural adjective meaning physical or bodily.
a: a — Preposition meaning 'at', 'to', or 'in'.
condizione: condizione — Condition; a requirement or state necessary for something.
adottassero: adottassero — Subjunctive past of 'adottare'; means 'they adopted'.
i: i — Masculine plural definite article meaning 'the'.
nuovi: nuovi — Masculine plural adjective meaning 'new' or 'novel'.
valori: valori — Plural of 'valore'; values, moral principles, or worth.
autore: autore — Author; the creator or writer of a literary work.
di: di — Preposition meaning 'of' or 'from'.
non: non — Adverb of negation meaning 'not'.
perse: perse — Past tense of 'perdere'; means 'lost' or 'missed'.
mai: mai — Adverb meaning 'never' or 'ever'.
vista: vista — Sight or view; past participle of 'vedere' (to see).
insigne: insigne — Distinguished or remarkable; notable and eminent.
esempio: esempio — Example; an instance used to illustrate a point.
rivalutazione: rivalutazione — Revaluation; reassessment of values or worth.
tutti: tutti — Masculine plural of 'tutto'; means 'all' or 'everyone'.
attraverso: attraverso — Preposition meaning 'through' or 'across'.
il: il — Masculine singular definite article meaning 'the'.
Cristianesimo: Cristianesimo — Christianity; the religion based on Jesus Christ's teachings.
per: per — Preposition meaning 'for', 'by', or 'through'.
mezzo: mezzo — Means, medium, or half; used in 'per mezzo di' (by means of).
della: della — Contraction of 'di' and 'la'; means 'of the' (feminine).
quale: quale — Relative pronoun meaning 'which' or 'who'.
intero: intero — Adjective meaning entire, whole, or complete.
modo: modo — Way, manner, or mode of doing something.
vita: vita — Life; the state of being alive.
pensiero: pensiero — Thought or thinking; a mental idea or concept.
divinizzato: divinizzato — Deified; elevated to the status of a god.
dei: dei — Contraction of 'di' and 'i'; means 'of the' (masculine plural).
così: così — Adverb meaning 'so', 'thus', or 'in this way'.
la: la — Feminine singular definite article meaning 'the'.
potente: potente — Adjective meaning powerful, strong, or mighty.
romanità: romanità — Roman character or civilization; essence of Roman culture.
fu: fu — Past tense of 'essere'; means 'was' (remote past).
quasi: quasi — Adverb meaning 'almost' or 'nearly'.
annientato: annientato — Annihilated; completely destroyed or obliterated.
o: o — Conjunction meaning 'or', offering an alternative.
rivalutato: rivalutato — Revalued; reassessed and given new worth or meaning.
in: in — Preposition meaning 'in', 'into', or 'within'.
un: un — Masculine indefinite article meaning 'a' or 'an'.
tempo: tempo — Time; a duration or period in which events occur.
relativamente: relativamente — Adverb meaning relatively or comparatively.
breve: breve — Adjective meaning brief, short, or concise.
Non: non — Adverb of negation meaning 'not'.
potrebbe: potrebbe — Conditional of 'potere'; means 'it/he/she could'.
ringiovanito: ringiovanito — Rejuvenated; restored to a younger or fresher state.
sistema: sistema — System; an organized set of principles or methods.
greco: greco — Adjective meaning Greek; relating to Greece or its culture.
romano: romano — Adjective meaning Roman; relating to Rome or its culture.
valutazione: valutazione — Evaluation or assessment of value or quality.
volta: volta — Time or turn; also means 'vault' architecturally.
fosse: fosse — Subjunctive past of 'essere'; means 'were' or 'had been'.
stato: stato — Past participle of 'essere'; means 'been' or 'state'.
raffinato: raffinato — Refined or sophisticated; improved in quality or elegance.
reso: reso — Past participle of 'rendere'; means 'made' or 'rendered'.
più: più — Adverb meaning 'more' or comparative marker.
profondo: profondo — Adjective meaning deep, profound, or thorough.
dalla: dalla — Contraction of 'da' and 'la'; means 'from the' (feminine).
formazione: formazione — Formation or training; development of skills or character.
duemila: duemila — Two thousand; the number 2000.
anni: anni — Years; plural of 'anno'.
hanno: hanno — Third person plural of 'avere'; means 'they have'.
fornito: fornito — Past participle of 'fornire'; means 'provided' or 'supplied'.
effettuare: effettuare — To carry out or perform; to bring about an action.
altra: altra — Feminine adjective meaning 'another' or 'other'.
tale: tale — Adjective meaning 'such' or 'such a'.
rivoluzione: rivoluzione — Revolution; a fundamental change in society or thinking.
entro: entro — Preposition meaning 'within' or 'by' a time limit.
periodo: periodo — Period; a span of time or historical era.
calcolabile: calcolabile — Calculable; able to be estimated or computed.
finché: finché — Conjunction meaning 'until' or 'as long as'.
quel: quel — Masculine singular demonstrative adjective meaning 'that'.
glorioso: glorioso — Adjective meaning glorious, magnificent, or celebrated.
tipo: tipo — Type or kind; a category or representative example.
umanità: umanità — Humanity; humankind or the quality of being human.
apparirà: apparirà — Future tense of 'apparire'; means 'will appear'.
finalmente: finalmente — Adverb meaning finally, at last, or eventually.
dovrà: dovrà — Future tense of 'dovere'; means 'will have to/must'.
essere: essere — Infinitive meaning 'to be'; core auxiliary verb.
nostra: nostra — Feminine possessive adjective meaning 'our'.
nuova: nuova — Feminine adjective meaning 'new' or 'fresh'.
fede: fede — Faith or belief; trust or religious devotion.
speranza: speranza — Hope; a feeling of expectation for something desired.
alla: alla — Contraction of 'a' and 'la'; means 'to the' (feminine).
cui: cui — Relative pronoun meaning 'whose', 'which', or 'whom'.
creazione: creazione — Creation; the act of making or bringing something into existence.
ci: ci — Pronoun meaning 'us', 'to us', or reflexive 'ourselves'.
esorta: esorta — Third person singular of 'esortare'; means 'urges' or 'exhorts'.
partecipare: partecipare — To participate; to take part in an activity or event.
Nei: nei — Contraction of 'in' and 'i'; means 'in the' (masculine plural).
suoi: suoi — Masculine plural possessive adjective meaning 'his/her/its'.
appunti: appunti — Notes; written observations or jottings for reference.
privati: privati — Plural adjective meaning private, personal, or unofficial.
argomento: argomento — Subject or argument; a topic under discussion.
usa: usa — Third person singular of 'usare'; means 'uses'.
espressione: espressione — Expression; a word, phrase, or manner of communicating.
Superuomo: Superuomo — Superman or Overman; Nietzsche's ideal superior human being.
sempre: sempre — Adverb meaning 'always' or 'ever'.
al: al — Contraction of 'a' and 'il'; means 'at the/to the'.
singolare: singolare — Singular; grammatically single, or unique and remarkable.
inciso: inciso — Parenthetical remark; inserted clause or engraved mark.
significare: significare — To mean or signify; to convey a particular meaning.
compiutamente: compiutamente — Fully or completely; in a thoroughly accomplished manner.
ben: ben — Short form of 'bene'; means 'well' or 'thoroughly'.
costituito: costituito — Past participle of 'costituire'; means 'constituted' or 'well-formed'.
contrapposizione: contrapposizione — Contraposition; opposition or contrast between two things.
uomo: uomo — Man; an adult male human being.
moderno: moderno — Adjective meaning modern or contemporary.
soprattutto: soprattutto — Adverb meaning above all, especially, or most importantly.
tuttavia: tuttavia — Conjunction meaning nevertheless, however, or yet.
egli: egli — Third person singular masculine pronoun meaning 'he'.
designa: designa — Third person singular of 'designare'; means 'designates'.
stesso: stesso — Adjective or pronoun meaning 'same' or 'himself/itself'.
si: si — Reflexive pronoun meaning 'oneself', 'himself', or 'herself'.
preoccupa: preoccupa — Third person singular of 'preoccuparsi'; means 'concerns itself'.
illuminarci: illuminarci — To enlighten us; to provide clarity or understanding to us.
riguardo: riguardo — Regard or respect; used in 'riguardo a' meaning 'regarding'.
ai: ai — Contraction of 'a' and 'i'; means 'to the' (masculine plural).
precursori: precursori — Precursors; forerunners who precede and prepare the way.
prerequisiti: prerequisiti — Prerequisites; conditions or requirements necessary beforehand.
avvento: avvento — Advent or coming; the arrival of an important event or person.
questo: questo — Masculine singular demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this'.
supremo: supremo — Adjective meaning supreme, highest, or ultimate.
facendo: facendo — Gerund of 'fare'; means 'doing' or 'making'.
riferimento: riferimento — Reference; an act of referring to something.
certo: certo — Adjective meaning certain, sure, or a certain (specific).
passo: passo — Step or passage; a section in a text or a footstep.
nella: nella — Contraction of 'in' and 'la'; means 'in the' (feminine).
Per: per — Preposition meaning 'for', 'in order to', or 'through'.
comprendere: comprendere — To understand or comprehend; to grasp meaning fully.
dobbiamo: dobbiamo — First person plural of 'dovere'; means 'we must/have to'.
prima: prima — Adverb meaning 'first' or 'before'; also a feminine adjective.
tutto: tutto — Adjective or pronoun meaning 'all', 'everything', or 'whole'.
chiari: chiari — Plural adjective meaning clear, evident, or bright.
fisiologica: fisiologica — Feminine adjective meaning physiological; relating to body functions.
fondamentale: fondamentale — Adjective meaning fundamental, basic, or essential.
da: da — Preposition meaning 'from', 'by', or 'since'.
dipende: dipende — Third person singular of 'dipendere'; means 'depends'.
questa: questa — Feminine singular demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this'.
ciò: ciò — Demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this', 'that', or 'it'.
io: io — First person singular pronoun meaning 'I'.
chiamo: chiamo — First person singular of 'chiamare'; means 'I call'.
GRANDE: grande — Adjective meaning great, large, or grand.
SALUTE: salute — Health; the state of physical and mental wellbeing.

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