Thus Spake Zarathustra: A Book for All and None — Page 2

Vocabulary

古い

furui — Old, aged, antiquated; describes something from long ago.

表

omote / hyō — Table, list, surface, or front side of something.

と

to — Particle meaning 'and' or 'with'; quotation marker.

新しい

atarashii — New, fresh, modern, recently made or acquired.

第

dai — Prefix indicating ordinal numbers, e.g., 'number one'.

五十七

gojūshichi — The number fifty-seven.

章

shō — Chapter or section of a book or document.

回復

kaifuku — Recovery, restoration, return to a previous healthy state.

し

shi — Conjunctive form of verb suru; connects clauses or actions.

つつ

tsutsu — Grammatical pattern indicating simultaneous or ongoing action.

ある

aru — To exist, to be; used for inanimate objects or states.

者

mono / sha — Person, one who does something; suffix denoting a person.

五十八

gojūhachi — The number fifty-eight.

大いなる

ōinaru — Great, grand, magnificent; literary adjective form.

憧憬

shōkei / dōkei — Longing, yearning, deep aspiration toward something admired.

五十九

gojūku — The number fifty-nine.

第二

daini — Second, number two; ordinal form of two.

の

no — Possessive or linking particle connecting nouns.

舞踏

butō — Dance, especially formal or artistic dancing.

歌

uta — Song, poem, lyric; expression through music or verse.

六十

rokujū — The number sixty.

七つ

nanatsu — Seven (things); native Japanese counting word for seven.

封印

fūin — Seal, stamp; act of sealing something shut securely.

四

shi / yon — The number four.

部

bu — Part, section, division; counter for copies of books.

最終

saishū — Final, last, ultimate; the concluding part of something.

六十一

rokujūichi — The number sixty-one.

蜂蜜

hachimitsu — Honey; sweet substance produced by bees from nectar.

六十二

rokujūni — The number sixty-two.

苦悩

kunō — Anguish, suffering, deep mental or emotional distress.

叫び

sakebi — Cry, shout, scream; loud vocal expression of emotion.

六十三

rokujūsan — The number sixty-three.

王

ō — King, monarch, ruler of a kingdom or domain.

たち

tachi — Plural suffix added to nouns referring to people or beings.

対話

taiwa — Dialogue, conversation between two or more parties.

六十四

rokujūshi — The number sixty-four.

六十五

rokujūgo — The number sixty-five.

魔術師

majutsushi — Magician, sorcerer; one who practices magic or sorcery.

六十六

rokujūroku — The number sixty-six.

職

shoku — Occupation, profession, job, or official post one holds.

を

o — Object marker particle indicating the direct object of a verb.

離れ

hanare — To separate from, leave, distance oneself from something.

て

te — Conjunctive particle connecting sequential or related actions.

六十七

rokujūnana — The number sixty-seven.

最も

mottomo — Most, extremely; superlative adverb in Japanese.

醜い

minikui — Ugly, hideous, unattractive in appearance or character.

人間

ningen — Human being, person; humanity as a concept or species.

六十八

rokujūhachi — The number sixty-eight.

自発的

jihatsuteki — Voluntary, spontaneous, self-initiated without external compulsion.

な

na — Adjectival particle linking na-adjectives to nouns.

六十九

rokujūku — The number sixty-nine.

影

kage — Shadow, shade, reflection; dark image cast by an object.

七十

nanajū — The number seventy.

正午

shōgo — Noon, midday; exactly twelve o'clock in the daytime.

七十一

nanajūichi — The number seventy-one.

挨拶

aisatsu — Greeting, salutation; formal or polite words of address.

七十二

nanajūni — The number seventy-two.

晩餐

bansan — Dinner, evening meal; formal or elaborate supper.

七十三

nanajūsan — The number seventy-three.

より

yori — Than; comparative particle or preposition meaning 'from'.

高い

takai — High, tall, expensive; describes elevated position or price.

七十四

nanajūshi — The number seventy-four.

憂愁

yūshū — Melancholy, sorrow, gloom; deep sadness or wistful feeling.

七十五

nanajūgo — The number seventy-five.

学問

gakumon — Learning, scholarship, academic study or pursuit of knowledge.

七十六

nanajūroku — The number seventy-six.

砂漠

sabaku — Desert; arid, barren land with little rainfall or vegetation.

娘

musume — Daughter; young woman or girl, often one's own child.

なか

naka — Inside, middle, among; spatial or conceptual interior.

で

de — Particle indicating location of action, means, or cause.

七十七

nanajūnana — The number seventy-seven.

目覚め

mezame — Awakening, waking up; becoming conscious or enlightened.

七十八

nanajūhachi — The number seventy-eight.

祭り

matsuri — Festival, celebration; traditional Japanese communal festive event.

七十九

nanajūku — The number seventy-nine.

酔いどれ

yoidore — Drunkard, one who is intoxicated; a habitual heavy drinker.

八十

hachijū — The number eighty.

しるし

shirushi — Sign, mark, symbol; indication or omen of something.

付録

furoku — Appendix, supplement; additional material attached to a work.

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, time, or indirect object.

よる

yoru — To be based on, according to, by means of someone.

は

wa — Topic marker particle highlighting the subject of discussion.

かく

kaku — Thus, in this way; literary adverb meaning 'so' or 'like this'.

注釈

chūshaku — Commentary, annotation, explanatory notes added to a text.

夫人

fujin — Madame, Mrs., wife; respectful title for a married woman.

序文

jobun — Preface, foreword; introductory section written before main text.

いかに

ikani — How, in what way; literary interrogative or exclamatory adverb.

して

shite — Conjunctive form of suru; 'doing' or 'by doing' something.

生まれ

umare — Birth; to be born; origin or birthplace of something.

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary; indicates completed action or past state.

か

ka — Question particle placed at sentence end to form a question.

兄

ani — Older brother; male sibling older than the speaker.

個人

kojin — Individual, personal; relating to a single person privately.

的

teki — Suffix forming adjectives meaning '-ic', '-al', or '-like'.

作品

sakuhin — Work, piece; artistic or literary creation by an author.

あり

ari — Classical form of 'aru'; to exist, to be present.

彼

kare — He, him; third-person singular masculine pronoun in Japanese.

固有

koyū — Inherent, unique, characteristic; belonging exclusively to one thing.

体験

taiken — Personal experience, firsthand encounter with an event or situation.

友情

yūjō — Friendship, camaraderie; bond of affection between friends.

理想

risō — Ideal, dream, perfect standard one aspires to achieve.

歓喜

kanki — Joy, delight, jubilation; feeling of great happiness or elation.

そして

soshite — And then, and so; conjunctive word connecting sequential ideas.

苦い

nigai — Bitter in taste; also used metaphorically for painful experiences.

失望

shitsubō — Disappointment, disillusionment; feeling let down by unmet expectations.

悲しみ

kanashimi — Sadness, grief, sorrow; emotional pain from loss or misfortune.

記録

kiroku — Record, documentation; written account of events or information.

しかし

shikashi — However, but; conjunction introducing a contrasting statement.

すべて

subete — All, everything, the whole; totality without exception.

上

ue / jō — Above, top, upper; also means 'beyond' or 'in addition to'.

最大

saidai — Greatest, largest, maximum; superlative of size or magnitude.

希望

kibō — Hope, wish, desire; expectation or longing for something good.

遠い

tōi — Far, distant; great distance in space, time, or relationship.

目標

mokuhyō — Goal, target, objective; aim one works toward achieving.

姿

sugata — Figure, form, appearance; visible shape or image of something.

が

ga — Subject marker particle; also used for contrast or emphasis.

それ

sore — That (thing); demonstrative pronoun referring to something nearby.

変容

hen'yō — Transformation, metamorphosis; change in form or appearance.

さ

sa — Suffix nominalizing adjectives; or casual sentence-ending particle.

せ

se — Causative auxiliary verb stem; makes something cause an action.

ながら

nagara — While doing; simultaneous action connective grammatical pattern.

高く

takaku — Highly, at great height; adverbial form of 'takai' (high).

飛翔

hishō — Soaring, flying high; taking flight in a lofty manner.

いる

iru — To be, to exist; used for animate beings in a location.

幼い

osanai — Young, infant, childish; at a very early age of life.

頃

koro — Around, about (a time); approximate time or period.

から

kara — From, since, because; indicates starting point or reason.

心

kokoro — Heart, mind, spirit; seat of emotion and inner feeling.

抱い

daite / idai — Held, embraced, harbored (a feeling or image) within oneself.

い

i — Continuative form of iru; indicates ongoing or resultant state.

子供

kodomo — Child, children; young person below the age of adulthood.

すでに

sudeni — Already, by now; action completed before the present moment.

夢

yume — Dream; images or thoughts during sleep; also aspirations.

現れ

araware — Appeared, emerged; came into view or became manifest.

かつて

katsute — Once, formerly, at one time in the past; used to.

私

watashi — I, me; first-person singular pronoun, neutral politeness level.

語っ

katatte — Spoke, told; past conjunctive form of 'kataru' (to narrate).

くれ

kure — Gave (to me); form of kureru expressing favor done for speaker.

こと

koto — Thing, fact, matter; nominalizer turning verbs into noun phrases.

人生

jinsei — Human life, one's life journey; the course of a person's life.

さまざまな

samazama na — Various, diverse, many kinds; wide variety of something.

時期

jiki — Time, period, phase; a particular stage or interval.

この

kono — This; demonstrative adjective referring to something nearby.

取り憑く

toritsuку — To possess, haunt, obsess; a spirit or idea seizes one.

存在

sonzai — Existence, being; the state of existing or a specific entity.

名

na / mei — Name; the word by which someone or something is called.

呼ん

yon(de) — Called, named; past conjunctive form of 'yobu' (to call).

主題

shudai — Theme, subject, main topic of a work or discussion.

つい

tsui — Just, unintentionally; indicates accidental or spontaneous action.

覚書

oboegaki — Memorandum, note, memo; written reminder or brief record.

中

naka / chū — Inside, middle, among; within a space, group, or text.

述べ

nobe — Stated, described, explained; form of 'noberu' (to state).

一

ichi / hito — One; the number one, first, or single unit.

人

hito / jin / nin — Person, human being; individual or people in general.

空想

kūsō — Fantasy, daydream, imagination; fanciful or unrealistic thinking.

産物

sanbutsu — Product, result, outcome; something produced by a process.

同一

dōitsu — Same, identical, one and the same; without any difference.

視

shi — View, regard as; to look upon or consider something.

する

suru — To do, to perform; general-purpose action verb in Japanese.

いう

iu — To say, to call, to be called; verb of speech.

栄誉

eiyo — Honor, glory, distinction; recognition of great achievement.

与え

atae — Give, grant, bestow; form of 'ataeru' (to give).

なけれ

nakere — Must not fail to; negative conditional base form.

ば

ba — Conditional particle meaning 'if' or 'when' a condition is met.

なら

nara — If, in that case; conditional or topic-related conjunction.

なかっ

nakatta — Was not; past negative form of the copula or adjective.

歴史

rekishi — History; the study or record of past events and eras.

広く

hiroku — Widely, broadly; adverbial form of 'hiroi' (wide, broad).

包括

hōkatsu — Encompass, include, comprehensive coverage of a subject.

見

mi — See, look; stem of 'miru' used in compound expressions.

最初

saisho — First, earliest, beginning; the very start of something.

民族

minzoku — People, ethnic group, nation; community sharing culture and origin.

あっ

atte / a(tta) — Was, existed; past/conjunctive form of 'aru' (to be).