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Thus Spake Zarathustra: A Book for All and None — Page 6

English → Japanese Preface Level 9/10

But it is meant to be a possibility which men of the present could realise with all their spiritual and physical energies, provided they adopted the new values.

しかしそれは、現代の人々が新しい価値観を採用するならば、あらゆる精神的・肉体的エネルギーをもって実現できる可能性を意味するものである。

The author of "Zarathustra" never lost sight of that egregious example of a transvaluation of all values through Christianity, whereby the whole of the deified mode of life and thought of the Greeks, as well as strong Romedom, was almost annihilated or transvalued in a comparatively short time.

『ツァラトゥストラ』の著者は、キリスト教による一切の価値の転換という際立った例を決して見失わなかった。それによってギリシア人の神格化された生活様式と思想の全体、そして強大なローマ世界が、比較的短期間のうちにほぼ消滅あるいは転換させられたのである。

Could not a rejuvenated Graeco-Roman system of valuing (once it had been refined and made more profound by the schooling which two thousand years of Christianity had provided) effect another such revolution within a calculable period of time, until that glorious type of manhood shall finally appear which is to be our new faith and hope, and in the creation of which Zarathustra exhorts us to participate?

刷新されたギリシア・ローマ的価値体系が（二千年のキリスト教が与えた薫陶によって精錬され深化された後に）、計算可能な期間内に同様の革命をもたらすことはできないだろうか。そしてついには、我々の新たな信仰と希望となるあの栄光ある人間類型が現れ、その創造にツァラトゥストラは我々に参加するよう促しているのではないだろうか。

In his private notes on the subject the author uses the expression "Superman" (always in the singular, by-the-bye), as signifying "the most thoroughly well-constituted type," as opposed to "modern man"; above all, however, he designates Zarathustra himself as an example of the Superman.

この主題に関する私的覚書の中で、著者は「超人」という表現を（ちなみに常に単数形で）用いており、それは「近代人」に対置されるものとして「最も徹底的に良く構成された類型」を意味している。しかしとりわけ、著者はツァラトゥストラ自身を超人の一例として指し示している。

In "Ecco Homo" he is careful to enlighten us concerning the precursors and prerequisites to the advent of this highest type, in referring to a certain passage in the "Gay Science":—

『この人を見よ』の中で著者は、「悦ばしき知識」のある一節に言及しながら、この最高の類型の到来に先立つ前兆と前提条件について丁寧に説明している。

"In order to understand this type, we must first be quite clear in regard to the leading physiological condition on which it depends: this condition is what I call GREAT HEALTHINESS.

「この類型を理解するためには、まずそれが依拠する主要な生理的条件について明確にしなければならない。その条件とは、私が〈偉大な健康〉と呼ぶものである。

Vocabulary

しかし: shikashi — Conjunction meaning 'however' or 'but'.
それ: sore — Pronoun meaning 'that' or 'it'.
は: wa — Topic-marking particle in Japanese grammar.
現代: gendai — The modern era or present age.
の: no — Possessive or linking particle between nouns.
人々: hitobito — People; plural form of 'person'.
が: ga — Subject-marking particle in Japanese grammar.
新しい: atarashii — Adjective meaning 'new' or 'fresh'.
価値観: kachikan — One's set of values or value system.
を: wo — Object-marking particle in Japanese grammar.
採用: saiyou — To adopt, hire, or employ something new.
する: suru — Verb meaning 'to do' or 'to perform'.
ならば: naraba — Conditional conjunction meaning 'if' or 'provided that'.
あらゆる: arayuru — Adjective meaning 'all' or 'every possible'.
精神: seishin — Spirit, mind, or mental energy.
的: teki — Suffix forming adjectives meaning '-ic' or '-al'.
肉体: nikutai — The physical body or flesh.
エネルギー: enerugii — Energy; physical or mental power.
もって: motte — Using or with; instrumental connective form.
実現: jitsugen — Realization or actualization of a goal.
できる: dekiru — To be able to; to be possible.
可能性: kanousei — Possibility or potential for something.
意味: imi — Meaning or significance of something.
もの: mono — Thing; nominalizer indicating a matter or fact.
で: de — Particle indicating means, location, or cause.
ある: aru — Verb meaning 'to exist' or 'to be'.
著者: chosha — Author or writer of a book.
キリスト: Kirisuto — Christ; referring to Jesus Christ.
教: kyou — Religion or religious teaching; suffix for faiths.
による: ni yoru — By means of; due to; caused by.
一切: issai — All; everything; without exception.
価値: kachi — Value or worth of something.
転換: tenkan — Conversion, transformation, or reversal of values.
という: to iu — Called; known as; expressing definition or label.
際立った: kiwadat-ta — Remarkable, outstanding, or conspicuous example.
例: rei — Example or instance of something.
決して: kesshite — Never; by no means (used with negatives).
見失わ: miusinawa — To lose sight of; to overlook (stem form).
なかった: nakatta — Past negative auxiliary meaning 'did not'.
によって: ni yotte — By; through; depending on the means.
ギリシア: Girishia — Greece; the ancient or modern Greek nation.
人: jin / hito — Person or people; suffix for nationality.
神格化: shinkakuka — Deification; elevating something to divine status.
された: sareta — Passive past form meaning 'was done/made'.
生活: seikatsu — Everyday life or lifestyle.
様式: youshiki — Style, form, or mode of something.
と: to — Particle meaning 'and' or quotation marker.
思想: shisou — Thought, ideology, or philosophical thinking.
全体: zentai — The whole; entirety of something.
そして: soshite — And then; furthermore; connecting consecutive ideas.
強大: kyoudai — Powerful and great; mighty in scale.
な: na — Adjectival copula linking na-adjectives to nouns.
ローマ: Rōma — Rome; the ancient Roman civilization.
世界: sekai — The world or a particular realm.
比較的: hikakuteki — Relatively or comparatively speaking.
短期間: tankikan — A short period of time.
うちに: uchi ni — Within; while; during a period.
ほぼ: hobo — Almost; nearly; approximately.
消滅: shoumetsu — Extinction or disappearance of something.
あるいは: arui wa — Or; alternatively; expressing another possibility.
させ: sase — Causative verb stem meaning 'to make/let do'.
られた: rareta — Passive or potential past auxiliary form.
刷新: sasshin — Renewal or thoroughgoing reform of a system.
体系: taikei — System or organized framework of ideas.
二千年: nisen-nen — Two thousand years; a very long period.
与えた: ataeta — Past tense of 'to give' or 'to provide'.
薫陶: kuntou — Moral cultivation or refining influence on character.
精錬: seiren — Refining or purifying; improving through discipline.
され: sare — Passive verb stem meaning 'being done/made'.
深化: shinka — Deepening or intensification of understanding.
後に: nochi ni — Afterward; later; after a time.
計算: keisan — Calculation or computation; measured estimation.
可能: kanou — Possible; feasible; capable of being done.
期間: kikan — Period or span of time.
内に: nai ni — Within; inside a given time or space.
同様: douyou — Similarly; in the same way or manner.
革命: kakumei — Revolution; a dramatic political or social change.
もたらす: motarasu — To bring about or cause something to happen.
こと: koto — Nominalizer turning verbs into abstract noun phrases.
でき: deki — Stem of 'to be able to'; possibility form.
ない: nai — Negative auxiliary meaning 'not' or 'does not'.
だろう: darou — Probably; expressing conjecture or supposition.
か: ka — Question particle placed at sentence end.
ついに: tsui ni — Finally; at last; after a long wait.
我々: wareware — We; us; first-person plural pronoun.
新たな: arata na — New; fresh; renewed in character.
信仰: shinkou — Faith, belief, or religious conviction.
希望: kibou — Hope or aspiration for the future.
なる: naru — To become; to come to be something.
あの: ano — That (over there); referring to a distant thing.
栄光: eikou — Glory or splendor; great honor.
人間: ningen — Human being; humankind in general.
類型: ruikei — Type or category of human character.
現れ: araware — Appearance or manifestation of something.
その: sono — That; referring to something previously mentioned.
創造: souzou — Creation; bringing something new into existence.
に: ni — Particle indicating direction, time, or purpose.
参加: sanka — Participation or taking part in something.
よう: you — Expresses urging, intention, or resemblance.
促して: unagashite — Urging or prompting someone to act.
いる: iru — To be; progressive auxiliary for ongoing actions.
では: de wa — Well then; now; transitional discourse marker.
この: kono — This; referring to something near the speaker.
主題: shudai — Main theme or subject of a work.
に関する: ni kansuru — Regarding; concerning; related to a topic.
私的: shiteki — Private or personal in nature.
覚書: oboegaki — Memorandum or personal note for reference.
中: naka / chuu — Inside; among; in the middle of.
超人: choujin — Superman or Übermensch; beyond ordinary humanity.
表現: hyougen — Expression or representation of an idea.
ちなみに: chinamini — Incidentally; by the way; adding related information.
常に: tsune ni — Always; at all times; consistently.
単数: tansuu — Singular number in grammar.
形: katachi / kei — Form, shape, or grammatical form.
用いており: mochiite ori — Using; employing (progressive connective form).
近代人: kindaijin — Modern person; a person of the modern era.
対置: taichi — Juxtaposition or placing in contrast.
される: sareru — Passive form meaning 'to be done/placed'.
として: to shite — As; in the capacity of something.
最も: mottomo — Most; superlative degree marker.
徹底: tettei — Thoroughness; going to the very end.
的に: teki ni — In a manner of; adverbial suffix '-ly'.
良く: yoku — Well; skillfully; adverb of 良い (good).
構成: kousei — Composition or structural organization.
して: shite — Connective te-form of 'to do'; and then.
とりわけ: toriwake — Especially; above all; in particular.
自身: jishin — Oneself; one's own self.
一例: ichiren / ichirei — One example or single instance.
指し示して: sashishimeshite — Pointing to or indicating something specifically.
見よ: miyo — Imperative of 'to see'; look! behold!
悦ばしき: yorokobashiki — Joyful, delightful; classical attributive adjective form.
知識: chishiki — Knowledge or information one has acquired.
一節: hitofushi / issetsu — A passage or verse in a text.
言及: genkyuu — Reference or mention of a topic.
し: shi — Connective form of する; also listing conjunction.
ながら: nagara — While doing; simultaneous action conjunction.
最高: saikou — The highest; supreme; best possible.
到来: tourai — Arrival or advent of something expected.
先立つ: sakidatsu — To precede; to come before something else.
前兆: zenchou — Omen or precursor sign of something coming.
前提: zentei — Premise or prerequisite condition.
条件: jouken — Condition or requirement for something.
について: ni tsuite — About; concerning; on the topic of.
丁寧: teinei — Polite, careful, or thorough in manner.
説明: setsumei — Explanation or description of something.
理解: rikai — Understanding or comprehension of something.
ため: tame — For the purpose of; for the sake of.
まず: mazu — First of all; to begin with.
依拠: ikyo — Relying on or basing upon a foundation.
主要: shuyou — Main; principal; most important.
生理: seiri — Physiology; biological bodily functions.
明確: meikaku — Clear, definite, or explicit in meaning.
なけれ: nakere — Conditional negative form meaning 'if not'.
私: watashi — I; me; first-person singular pronoun.
偉大: idai — Great, grand, or remarkable in stature.
健康: kenkou — Health; being in good physical condition.
呼ぶ: yobu — To call; to name; to refer to.

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