Traditions of the Tinguian: a Study in Philippine Folk-Lore — Page 12

Vocabulary

amanecer

Dawn; the time when daylight begins

parte

Part, portion, or side of something

mujeres

Women; adult female human beings

comienzan

They begin; third person plural of comenzar

descascarar

To husk or shell; remove outer covering from grain

arroz

Rice; a staple grain food crop

paja

Straw; dry stalks left after harvesting grain

cáscaras

Husks or shells; outer coverings of grain or fruit

mientras

While; conjunction indicating simultaneous actions

parten

They depart or leave toward a destination

hacia

Toward; preposition indicating direction of movement

manantiales

Springs; natural sources of fresh flowing water

obtener

To obtain or get something needed

agua

Water; essential liquid for drinking and use

época

Season, era, or period of time

siembra

Sowing season; time for planting crops

marido

Husband; a married male partner

esposa

Wife; a married female partner

caminan

They walk; third person plural of caminar

juntos

Together; in company with one another

esfuerzo

Effort; physical or mental exertion applied to task

campos

Fields; open areas of land used for farming

hombre

Man; an adult male human being

planta

Plants; places seeds or seedlings in soil

semillas

Seeds; small units planted to grow crops

esquejes

Cuttings; plant shoots used for propagation

ayuda

Helps; provides assistance to someone

vertiendo

Pouring; present participle of verter

mediodía

Noon; the middle of the day at twelve o'clock

menos

Less; adverb indicating smaller quantity or degree

temporada

Season or period; a defined stretch of time

mayor

Greater, larger, or older; comparative adjective

actividad

Activity; a task or action being performed

actividades

Activities; multiple tasks or actions performed

pueblo

Village or town; a small community of people

quedan

They remain or stay; third person plural of quedar

prácticamente

Practically; almost entirely or for all intents

suspendidas

Suspended; stopped or halted temporarily

vemos

We see; first person plural of ver

lleno

Full; completely occupied or filled with something

hombres

Men; plural of hombre, adult male humans

dormidos

Asleep; in a state of sleep or slumber

descansando

Resting; taking a break from activity

niños

Children; young boys or kids in general

pueden

They can; third person plural of poder

estar

To be; infinitive expressing state or condition

jugando

Playing; present participle of jugar

trompos

Spinning tops; traditional toys that spin on a point

forma

Shape or form; the physical appearance of something

disco

Disk; a flat circular object or shape

refrescar

To refresh or cool down; restore energy or temperature

recobra

Recovers or regains; returns to a prior state

vida

Life; the state of being alive and active

casas

Houses; buildings where people live

tejen

They weave; third person plural of tejer

mantas

Blankets; thick cloth coverings for warmth

preparan

They prepare; third person plural of preparar

comida

Food or meal; something eaten for nourishment

mayores

Elders or older people; the elderly in community

alimentan

They feed; provide food to animals or people

gallinas

Hens; female chickens kept for eggs or food

cerdos

Pigs; domesticated farm animals raised for meat

trabajadores

Workers; people who perform labor or tasks

cazadores

Hunters; people who hunt animals for food

perros

Dogs; domesticated animals often used in hunting

presas

Prey; animals caught or hunted by hunters

suman

They join or add to; contribute to a group

bullicio

Hustle and bustle; lively noise and commotion

animación

Liveliness or animation; energetic activity in a place

general

General; widespread or applying to the whole group

Cuando

When; conjunction introducing a time clause

cae

Falls; third person singular of caer

noche

Night; the dark period after sunset

si

If; conjunction introducing a conditional clause

estación

Season or station; a division of the year

seca

Dry; lacking rain or moisture, dry season

surgen

They arise or emerge; appear suddenly

hogueras

Bonfires; large outdoor fires for warmth or light

diferentes

Different; not alike, varied in nature or type

partes

Parts or places; various locations or sections

alrededor

Around; on all sides of something or someone

reúnen

They gather; come together in a group

chicas

Girls; young females or young women

hilar

To spin thread; twist fibers into yarn

Aquí

Here; at or in this place

también

Also; in addition, likewise

acuden

They come or attend; arrive at a place

muchachos

Boys or young men; male youth

descansar

To rest; take a break from work or activity

conversar

To converse; talk informally with others

considerable

Considerable; notably large in amount or extent

tiempo

Time or weather; a measurable or atmospheric concept

ocupa

Occupies or takes up; uses time or space

preparación

Preparation; the act of getting something ready

guerra

War; armed conflict between groups or nations

participación

Participation; the act of taking part in something

efectiva

Effective; producing the intended result successfully

Ya

Already or now; indicates something has occurred

visto

Seen; past participle of ver

peligro

Danger; a situation involving risk or harm

constante

Constant; continuously present without interruption

enemigos

Enemies; those who are hostile or opposed to you

hace

Makes or does; third person singular of hacer

aconsejable

Advisable; recommended as wise or prudent

vayan

They go; subjunctive form of ir

grupos

Groups; sets of people together for a purpose

incluso

Even or including; used to emphasize inclusion

manantial

Spring; a natural source of fresh water