Walden, and On The Duty Of Civil Disobedience — Page 3

Vocabulary

Eu

eh-oo — First person singular pronoun meaning 'I'

gostaria

gos-tah-REE-ah — Would like; conditional form of gostar

de

deh — Of, from, or to; common preposition

dizer

dee-ZEHR — To say or to tell something

algo

AHL-goo — Something; an unspecified thing or matter

não

nowng — No or not; negation word

tanto

TAHN-too — So much, as much; indicates degree or quantity

sobre

SOH-breh — About, on, over; preposition of topic or position

os

ooz — The; masculine plural definite article

chineses

shee-NEH-zehs — Chinese people; plural of chinês

e

eh — And; basic coordinating conjunction

habitantes

ah-bee-TAHN-tehs — Inhabitants; people who live in a place

das

dahz — Of the; contraction of de + as (feminine plural)

Ilhas

EE-lyahz — Islands; plural of ilha

mas

mahz — But; conjunction indicating contrast or opposition

você

voh-SEH — You; second person singular pronoun

que

keh — That, who, which; relative pronoun or conjunction

lê

leh — Reads; third person singular present of ler

estas

EHS-tahz — These; feminine plural demonstrative pronoun

páginas

PAH-zhee-nahz — Pages; sheets of a book or document

se

seh — Oneself, if; reflexive pronoun or conjunction

diz

deez — Says; third person singular present of dizer

viver

vee-VEHR — To live; to exist or reside somewhere

na

nah — In the; contraction of em + a (feminine singular)

Nova

NOH-vah — New; feminine adjective indicating newness

Inglaterra

een-glah-TEH-rah — England; proper name of the English region

a

ah — The; feminine singular definite article

sua

SOO-ah — Your, his, her, their; possessive pronoun

condição

kon-dee-SOWNG — Condition; state or circumstance of a person

especialmente

ehs-peh-syahl-MEHN-teh — Especially; particularly or above all else

exterior

ehs-teh-ree-OHR — Exterior, outer; relating to the outside appearance

ou

oh — Or; conjunction presenting an alternative option

circunstâncias

seer-koon-STAHN-syahz — Circumstances; surrounding conditions affecting a situation

neste

NEHS-teh — In this; contraction of em + este (masculine)

mundo

MOON-doo — World; the earth or human existence broadly

nesta

NEHS-tah — In this; contraction of em + esta (feminine)

cidade

see-DAH-deh — City; a large urban settlement or town

o

oo — The; masculine singular definite article

ela

EH-lah — She, it; third person feminine singular pronoun

é

eh — Is; third person singular present of ser

necessário

neh-seh-SAH-ryoo — Necessary; required or essential for something

seja

SEH-zhah — Be; subjunctive form of ser indicating uncertainty

tão

towng — So, as; adverb expressing degree of intensity

má

mah — Bad, poor; feminine form of mau

quanto

KWAHN-too — How much, as much as; degree comparison word

pode

POH-deh — Can, may; third person singular present of poder

ser

sehr — To be; permanent or essential state verb

melhorada

meh-lyoh-RAH-dah — Improved; past participle of melhorar (feminine)

viajei

vyah-ZHEY — I traveled; first person past of viajar

bastante

bahs-TAHN-teh — Quite, enough, a lot; indicates sufficient quantity

por

pohr — Through, by, for; versatile preposition of movement

em

eng — In, at; basic preposition of location or time

todo

TOH-doo — Every, all, whole; adjective of totality

lugar

loo-GAHR — Place; a location or spot somewhere

lojas

LOH-zhahz — Stores, shops; places where goods are sold

escritórios

ehs-kree-TOH-ryooz — Offices; rooms or buildings for professional work

campos

KAHM-pooz — Fields; open areas of land or countryside

me

meh — Me; first person singular object pronoun

pareceram

pah-reh-SEH-rowng — Seemed, appeared; third person plural past of parecer

estar

ehs-TAHR — To be; temporary state or condition verb

fazendo

fah-ZEHN-doo — Doing, making; present participle of fazer

penitência

peh-nee-TEHN-syah — Penance; act of self-punishment for wrongdoing

mil

meel — Thousand; the number 1000

maneiras

mah-NAY-rahz — Ways, manners; methods or modes of doing

notáveis

noo-TAH-veyz — Notable, remarkable; worthy of attention or notice

ouvi

oh-VEE — I heard; first person past tense of ouvir

sentados

sehn-TAH-dooz — Seated, sitting; past participle of sentar (plural)

expostos

ehs-POHS-tooz — Exposed; subjected to external elements or conditions

quatro

KWAH-troo — Four; the number 4

fogueiras

foo-GAY-rahz — Bonfires, campfires; open fires burning outdoors

olhando

oh-LYAHN-doo — Looking, watching; present participle of olhar

frente

FREHN-teh — Front, face; the forward-facing side of something

para

PAH-rah — For, to, toward; preposition of direction or purpose

sol

sohl — Sun; the star at the center of our solar system

pendurados

pehn-doo-RAH-dooz — Hanging, suspended; past participle of pendurar (plural)

cabeça

kah-BEH-sah — Head; the uppermost part of the human body

baixo

BAH-ee-shoo — Low, down; adjective or adverb of low position

chamas

SHAH-mahz — Flames; burning tongues of fire

céus

SEH-ooz — Skies, heavens; the atmosphere above the earth

cima

SEE-mah — Top, above; upper position or surface

dos

dooz — Of the; contraction of de + os (masculine plural)

ombros

Shoulders; upper body parts connecting arms to torso

até

ah-TEH — Until, up to, even; preposition or adverb of limit

torna

TOHR-nah — Makes, becomes; third person singular of tornar

impossível

eem-poh-SEE-vehl — Impossible; not able to be done or achieved

eles

EH-lehs — They; third person masculine plural pronoun

retomarem

reh-too-MAH-reeng — To retake, resume; future subjunctive of retomar

posição

poo-zee-SOWNG — Position; a place or posture occupied by someone

natural

nah-too-RAHL — Natural; relating to nature or inherent characteristics

enquanto

ehn-KWAHN-too — While, whereas; conjunction indicating simultaneity or contrast

pela

PEH-lah — By the, through the; contraction of por + a

torção

tohr-SOWNG — Twist, torsion; act of twisting or wringing something

do

doo — Of the; contraction of de + o (masculine singular)

pescoço

pehs-KOH-soo — Neck; the body part connecting head to shoulders

nada

NAH-dah — Nothing; not anything at all

além

ah-LEHNG — Beyond, besides; indicating something past a limit

líquidos

LEE-kee-dooz — Liquids; substances that flow and are not solid

passar

pah-SAHR — To pass, to go through; movement verb

estômago

ehs-TOH-mah-goo — Stomach; digestive organ in the abdomen

habitando

ah-bee-TAHN-doo — Inhabiting; present participle of habitar

acorrentados

ah-koh-rehn-TAH-dooz — Chained; bound with chains (past participle, plural)

vida

VEE-dah — Life; the state of being alive

ao

owng — To the, at the; contraction of a + o

pé

peh — Foot; lower extremity of the leg

uma

OO-mah — A, an, one; feminine indefinite article

árvore

AHR-voh-reh — Tree; a large woody perennial plant

medindo

meh-DEEN-doo — Measuring; present participle of medir

com

kong — With; preposition indicating accompaniment or means

seus

SEH-ooz — Their, his, your; masculine plural possessive pronoun

corpos

KOHR-pooz — Bodies; physical structures of living organisms

lagartas

lah-GAHR-tahz — Caterpillars; larval stage of butterflies or moths

largura

lahr-GOO-rah — Width, breadth; measurement from side to side

vastos

VAHS-tooz — Vast, immense; extremely large in extent

impérios

eem-PEH-ryooz — Empires; large territories under single authority

ficando

fee-KAHN-doo — Staying, remaining; present participle of ficar

perna

PEHR-nah — Leg; lower limb used for standing and walking

no

noo — In the; contraction of em + o (masculine singular)

topo

TOH-poo — Top, peak; the highest point of something

pilares

pee-LAH-rehs — Pillars, columns; vertical structural support elements

mesmo

MEHZ-moo — Even, same, itself; emphatic or comparative word

essas

EH-sahz — Those; feminine plural demonstrative pronoun

formas

FOHR-mahz — Forms, shapes; ways something appears or exists

consciente

kon-syehn-teh — Conscious, aware; having awareness of one's actions

são

sowng — Are; third person plural present of ser

dificilmente

dee-fee-seel-MEHN-teh — Hardly, with difficulty; adverb of degree

mais

mahys — More; comparative adverb indicating greater degree

incríveis

een-KREE-veyz — Incredible, unbelievable; remarkably extraordinary things

surpreendentes

soor-preh-ehn-DEHN-tehs — Surprising, astonishing; causing wonder or amazement

cenas

SEH-nahz — Scenes; situations or visual episodes observed

testemunho

tehs-teh-MOON-yoo — Testimony, witness; evidence or account of events

diariamente

dyah-ryah-MEHN-teh — Daily; happening or done every single day