White nights, and other stories — Page 8

Vocabulary

通りすがり

toorisugari — Passing by; a passerby encountered briefly

の

no — Possessive or nominalizing particle

人たち

hitotachi — People; a group of persons

は

wa — Topic-marking particle indicating the subject

みな

mina — Everyone; all people present

まるで

marude — Just like; as if; exactly as though

挨拶

aisatsu — Greeting; salutation exchanged between people

を

wo — Object-marking particle for direct objects

して

shite — Doing; te-form of suru (to do)

いる

iru — To be; indicates ongoing or continuous action

か

ka — Question particle; also expresses uncertainty

よう

you — Appearance; seeming like; as if

に

ni — Directional or locative particle; to, at, in

とても

totemo — Very; extremely; quite strongly

親しみ

shitashimi — Familiarity; warmth; sense of friendliness

ある

aru — To exist; to have; there is

眼差し

manazashi — Gaze; look in one's eyes; glance

私

watashi — I; me; first-person singular pronoun

向け

muke — Directed at; aimed toward someone

何か

nanika — Something; some kind of thing

喜んで

yorokonde — Gladly; with joy; happily

だっ

da (past stem) — Was; past tense form of copula da

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary verb ending

彼ら

karera — They; them; third-person plural pronoun

皆

minna — Everyone; all; the whole group

一人

hitori — One person; alone; a single individual

残らず

nokorazu — Without exception; every single one

葉巻

hamaki — Cigar; rolled tobacco leaf for smoking

吸っ

su(tte) — Smoking; inhaling; sucking (te-form)

て

te — Te-form connective particle linking actions

い

i — Shortened form of iru; ongoing action

そして

soshite — And then; and; furthermore

これまで

koremade — Until now; up to this point

ない

nai — Not; negation; does not exist

ほど

hodo — To the extent of; as much as

嬉しい

ureshii — Happy; glad; joyful feeling

気持ち

kimochi — Feeling; mood; emotional state

なっ

na(tte) — Became; te-form of naru (to become)

突然

totsuzen — Suddenly; all at once; unexpectedly

イタリア

Itaria — Italy; the European country

自分

jibun — Oneself; myself; one's own self

発見

hakken — Discovery; finding something new

し

shi — Did; conjunctive form of suru

城壁

jouheki — Castle wall; fortification wall; ramparts

間

aida/ma — Between; among; interval of space or time

で

de — At; by means of; locative/instrumental particle

ほとんど

hotondo — Almost; nearly; for the most part

息

iki — Breath; breathing; respiration

が

ga — Subject-marking particle

詰まり

tsumari — Choking; being stuffed; suffocating

そう

sou — It seems; looks like; appears to be

な

na — Adjectival or sentence-final particle

半病人

hanbyounin — Semi-invalid; person who is somewhat ill

都会人

tokaijin — City dweller; urban person; townsperson

対して

taishite — Toward; in contrast to; against

自然

shizen — Nature; the natural world; naturally

これほど

korehodo — This much; to this extent or degree

強く

tsuyoku — Strongly; powerfully; with great force

作用

sayou — Effect; action; influence on something

だ

da — Is; am; are; plain form copula

近郊

kinkou — Suburbs; outskirts; vicinity of a city

言葉

kotoba — Words; language; speech; expression

表せ

arawase — Express; describe; put into words

胸

mune — Chest; breast; heart; one's inner feelings

打つ

utsu — To strike; to move emotionally; to hit

もの

mono — Thing; something; that which is

春

haru — Spring; the season after winter

近づく

chikazuku — To approach; to draw near; to come closer

と

to — With; when; and; quotation particle

天

ten — Heaven; sky; the heavens above

から

kara — From; because; since; starting point

授け

sazuke — Bestow; grant; give as a gift from above

られ

rare — Passive or potential auxiliary verb form

あらゆる

arayuru — Every; all kinds of; every possible

力

chikara — Power; strength; force; ability

強さ

tsuyosa — Strength; toughness; degree of power

発揮

hakki — To display; to demonstrate; to exert ability

葉

ha — Leaf; leaves of a plant or tree

茂らせ

shigerase — To make grow thick; to let foliage flourish

身

mi — Body; oneself; one's own person

飾り

kazari — Decoration; ornament; adornment

花々

hanabana — Flowers; many blooms; floral abundance

自ら

mizukara — By oneself; personally; on one's own

輝かせる

kagayakaseru — To make shine; to cause to glitter brightly

どういう

douiu — What kind of; what sort of; how

わけ

wake — Reason; meaning; circumstance; cause

か弱く

kayowaku — Weakly; frailty; in a delicate manner

病弱

byoujaku — Sickly; weak constitution; frail health

少女

shoujo — Young girl; maiden; adolescent female

こと

koto — Thing; matter; fact; nominalized concept

思わ

omowa — Think; cannot help but think (negative form)

ず

zu — Without; negative conjunctive form

いられ

irare — Cannot help but be; able to remain

その

sono — That; the; referring to something nearby

時

toki — Time; moment; occasion; when

憐れみ

awaremi — Pity; compassion; sympathy for another's suffering

目

me — Eye; gaze; look; vision

共感

kyoukan — Empathy; sympathy; shared feeling

愛

ai — Love; affection; tender caring feeling

もって

motte — With; having; by means of

見つめ

mitsume — Stare at; gaze intently upon someone

また

mata — Also; again; moreover; furthermore

ただ

tada — Just; merely; simply; only that

気

ki — Spirit; mind; feeling; attention

留める

tomeru — To fix attention on; to notice; to retain

も

mo — Also; too; even; as well

それ

sore — That; it; that thing over there

瞬間

shunkan — Instant; moment; a split second

偶然

guuzen — By chance; coincidence; accidentally

何とも言えない

nantomo ienai — Indescribable; impossible to put into words

愛らしさ

airashisa — Loveliness; adorableness; charming quality

繊細

sensai — Delicate; sensitive; fine and intricate

さ

sa — Nominalizing suffix turning adjective to noun

帯びる

obiru — To take on; to be tinged with; to bear

感動

kandou — Deep emotion; being moved; profound impression

心

kokoro — Heart; mind; soul; inner spirit

奪われ

ubaware — Being taken away; captivated; enraptured

者

mono/sha — Person; one who; a being

あの

ano — That (over there); the aforementioned

悲しげ

kanashige — Looking sad; appearing sorrowful; mournful air

物思い

monoomoi — Deep thought; melancholy musing; contemplation

沈ん

shizun — Sunk into; immersed in; depressed

瞳

hitomi — Pupil of the eye; eyes; gaze

輝き

kagayaki — Radiance; brilliance; gleaming light

閃か

hirameka — Flash; sparkle; to gleam suddenly

せ

se — Causative form suffix; make or let do

いったい

ittai — What on earth; just what; in the world

どんな

donna — What kind of; what sort of thing

自問

jimon — Asking oneself; self-inquiry; introspection

青白く

aoshiroku — Palely; with a pallid bluish-white color

やつれ

yatsure — Looking haggard; worn; emaciated appearance

頬

hoo — Cheek; the side of the face

血

chi — Blood; bloodflow; vital redness

色

iro — Color; hue; complexion; tint

呼び戻し

yobimodoshi — Calling back; restoring; bringing color back

何

nani — What; which thing; what is it

柔らか

yawaraka — Soft; gentle; tender; supple

顔立ち

kaodachi — Facial features; looks; the shape of one's face

情熱

jounetsu — Passion; ardor; intense emotional enthusiasm

満たし

mitashi — Fill; to satisfy; to fill up completely

高鳴らせ

takanaranse — Make throb; cause the heart to pound loudly

哀れ

aware — Pathos; pity; sorrowful; pitiable state

顔

kao — Face; facial expression; countenance

生命

seimei — Life; vitality; living existence

美しさ

utsukushisa — Beauty; loveliness; aesthetic quality

呼び起こし

yobiokoshi — Evoke; awaken; call forth a feeling

微笑み

hohoemi — Smile; a gentle pleasant facial expression

輝かせ

kagayakase — Make shine; illuminate; cause to radiate light

明るく

akaruku — Brightly; cheerfully; in a bright manner

弾ける

hajikeru — To burst forth; to pop; to spring out brightly

笑い声

waraigoe — Laughter; the sound of laughing

燃え立たせ

moetatasase — Set ablaze; ignite; make something flare up

あなた

anata — You; second-person singular pronoun

辺り

atari — Around; vicinity; the surrounding area

見回し

mawashi — Look around; survey; glance about the area

誰か

dareka — Someone; somebody; a certain person

探し

sagashi — Searching for; looking for someone or something

あれこれ

arekore — This and that; various things; all sorts

推し量る

oshihakaru — To conjecture; to guess; to surmise about someone