A Study in Scarlet — Page 3

Vocabulary

Tình

Feeling, emotion, or situation context

trạng

State or condition of something

tài

Talent, ability, or financial resources

chính

Main, primary, or political/governmental

của

Belonging to; possessive particle

tôi

I, me; first-person singular pronoun

trở

To turn, become, or return

nên

Should; to become; therefore

đáng

Worth, deserving, or worthy of something

lo

To worry, be concerned about something

ngại

To feel reluctant, uneasy, or concerned

đến

To arrive, reach, or up to a point

mức

Level, degree, or extent of something

sớm

Early, soon, or at an early time

nhận

To receive, recognize, or acknowledge something

ra

To go out; directional or resultative particle

rằng

That; conjunction introducing a subordinate clause

mình

Oneself; reflexive pronoun or informal 'I'

phải

Must, have to; right or correct

hoặc

Or; indicating one alternative among options

là

To be; linking verb or identificational particle

rời

To leave, depart, or separate from something

bỏ

To abandon, give up, or leave behind

thành

City; to become; to succeed in doing

phố

Street or urban area; part of 'city'

và

And; coordinating conjunction connecting elements

về

To return; about, regarding; toward home

sống

To live, be alive; life or living

ở

To live at; preposition indicating location

một

One; indefinite article meaning 'a/an'

vùng

Region, area, or zone of a country

quê

Hometown, countryside, or rural homeland

nào

Which, any; interrogative or indefinite pronoun

đó

That, there; demonstrative pronoun or adverb

thay

To replace, change, or substitute something

đổi

To change, exchange, or alter something

hoàn

Complete, whole; used in compound words

toàn

Entirely, completely, all; used with hoàn

lối

Way, style, manner, or path of living

Chọn

To choose, select, or pick an option

phương

Direction, method, or means; used in compounds

án

Plan, option, or legal case/verdict

sau

After, behind, later, or next

bắt

To catch, begin, or start something

đầu

Head; beginning; to start doing something

bằng

By means of; equal to; made of

việc

Task, work, matter, or affair

quyết

To decide firmly; resolute or determined

tâm

Heart, mind, or center; used in compounds

khỏi

Out of, away from; to recover from

khách

Guest, visitor, or customer; foreign

sạn

Hotel; part of 'khách sạn' meaning hotel

chuyển

To move, transfer, or shift to somewhere

nơi

Place, location, or spot somewhere

kém

Inferior, less, lacking in quality

xa

Far, distant; far away from something

hoa

Flower; luxurious (in xa hoa: lavish)

ít

Few, little, not much in quantity

tốn

To cost, spend, or waste resources

hơn

More than; comparative particle in Vietnamese

Chính

Exactly, precisely; main or primary

vào

Into, on, at; directional or temporal preposition

ngày

Day; date or daytime period

đi

To go; imperative particle; directional verb

kết

To conclude, tie, or connect; used in compounds

luận

Conclusion, argument, or reasoning

đang

Currently, in the process of doing

đứng

To stand, be standing upright

tại

At, in; located at a specific place

quán

Small shop, bar, café, or eatery

thì

Then; topic-comment or conditional marker

có

To have; there is/are; existence marker

người

Person, people, or human being

vỗ

To pat, tap, or slap lightly

vai

Shoulder; role or part in something

khi

When, at the time of an event

quay

To turn around, rotate, or spin

lại

Again; back; directional or repetitive particle

chàng

Young man; informal term for a guy

trẻ

Young, youthful in age

tuổi

Age; years old

từng

Once, formerly; each individually; used to

phụ

Assistant, auxiliary, or secondary role

tá

Assistant; dozen; used in compounds

Nhìn

To look at, see, or observe something

thấy

To see, perceive, or feel something

khuôn

Frame, mold, or shape of a face

mặt

Face; surface or aspect of something

thân

Close, familiar; body; dear or intimate

quen

Familiar, accustomed, or acquainted with

giữa

In the middle of, between, among

chốn

Place, spot, or location (literary)

hoang

Wild, desolate, or abandoned place

rộng

Wide, broad, spacious in size

lớn

Large, big, great in size or age

quả

Fruit; indeed, truly (affirmative adverb)

thực

Real, truly, indeed; in reality

điều

Thing, matter, point, or issue

dễ

Easy, simple, not difficult

chịu

To endure, bear, or feel pleasant

đối

Toward, facing, opposite; to deal with

với

With, to, toward; preposition of accompaniment

cô

Aunt; Miss; female title; lonely

đơn

Alone, single; loneliness; form/document

Ngày

Day; daytime period or date

trước

Before, previously, in front of

chưa

Not yet; negation of completed action

bao

How much/many; ever; bag or envelope

giờ

Hour, time, or now

bạn

Friend; you (to a peer or friend)

đặc

Special, particular, thick, or dense

biệt

Special, separate, or distinct; used in compounds

nhưng

But, however; adversative conjunction

lúc

Moment, time, or instant in time

này

This, these; proximal demonstrative pronoun

chào

To greet, say hello, or welcome

đón

To welcome, receive, or pick someone up

anh

Older brother; you (to older male)

ta

We/us; he/him (informal or literary)

niềm

Feeling, sense, or emotion (noun form)

hứng

Enthusiasm, inspiration, or excitement

khởi

To begin, start; used in compounds

phần

Part, portion, share, or section

cũng

Also, too, as well, either

vẻ

Appearance, look, or seeming expression

vui

Happy, joyful, cheerful, or fun

mừng

To rejoice, be glad or delighted

gặp

To meet, encounter, or come across

Trong

In, inside, within; clear or transparent

tràn

To overflow, flood, or be filled with

ngập

Flooded, submerged, or overwhelmed with something

mời

To invite or offer politely to someone

dùng

To use, eat, or consume something

bữa

Meal; a mealtime or eating occasion

trưa

Noon, midday, or lunchtime period

cùng

Together, along with, at the same time

chúng

We, they; plural pronoun prefix

nhau

Each other, one another; reciprocal pronoun

lên

To go up, rise, or get onto

đường

Road, street, or path; sugar

chiếc

Classifier for vehicles and small objects

xe

Vehicle, car, bicycle, or cart

ngựa

Horse; used in 'xe ngựa' (carriage)

hai

Two; the number two

bánh

Wheel; cake or bread; pastry

Anh

Older brother; you (male); England

đã

Already; past tense marker in Vietnamese

làm

To do, make, work, or perform

gì

What; interrogative pronoun for things

bản

Self; copy, version, or document

vậy

So, thus, like that; sentence-final particle

hỏi

To ask a question or inquire

ngạc

Surprised; used in 'ngạc nhiên' (surprised)

nhiên

Natural; used in 'ngạc nhiên' (astonished)

không

No, not; negation or question particle

che

To cover, hide, or shield something

giấu

To hide, conceal, or keep secret

lăn

To roll or move along a surface

qua

Through, past, across, or over something

những

Plural marker for nouns; those, these

con

Child; classifier for animals and roads

đông

East; crowded, populous, or busy

gầy

Thin, skinny, or underweight in body

như

Like, as, such as; comparison particle

que

Stick, twig, or thin rod object

củi

Firewood or pieces of wood for burning

đen

Black; dark in color

hạt

Seed, grain, nut, or small particle

dẻ

Chestnut; flexible or supple material

Tôi

I, me; first-person singular pronoun

kể

To tell, narrate, or recount a story

cho

For, to give; beneficiary preposition

nghe

To listen, hear, or pay attention

tóm

To summarize, grasp, or catch briefly

tắt

Brief summary; to turn off something

cuộc

Classifier for events, trips, or matches

phiêu

Adventure, wandering; used in 'phiêu lưu'

lưu

To roam, wander; adventure or flow

hầu

Almost, nearly; to serve or attend

xong

Done, finished, completed an action

Tội

Sin, crime; pity or poor thing

nghiệp

Karma; career; used in 'tội nghiệp' (poor)

thật

Really, truly, indeed; genuine or real