Beowulf: An Anglo-Saxon Epic Poem — Page 2

Vocabulary

は

wa — Topic-marking particle in Japanese grammar.

二重

nijū — Double, dual, or twofold in nature.

の

no — Possessive or linking particle in Japanese.

征服者

seifukusha — A conqueror; one who defeats and subdues others.

六

roku — The number six.

が

ga — Subject-marking particle in Japanese grammar.

戦利品

senrihin — Spoils of war; items taken from a defeated enemy.

を

wo — Object-marking particle in Japanese grammar.

持ち帰る

mochikаeru — To bring back; to take something home with you.

感謝

kansha — Gratitude; the feeling of being thankful.

教訓

kyōkun — A lesson or moral learned from experience.

労働

rōdō — Labor; physical or mental work performed.

後

nochi / go — After; later in time or sequence.

休息

kyūsoku — Rest; a period of relaxation after effort.

別れ

wakare — Parting; the act of saying farewell.

悲しみ

kanashimi — Sadness; a feeling of deep sorrow or grief.

帰路

kiro — The return journey; the way back home.

旅

tabi — A journey or trip to another place.

二人

futari — Two people; a pair of persons together.

女王

joō — A queen; a female monarch or ruler.

と

to — And; with; connecting particle in Japanese.

に

ni — Direction or target particle in Japanese grammar.

冒険

bōken — An adventure; a bold or risky undertaking.

語る

kataru — To speak; to narrate or tell a story.

贈り物

okurimono — A gift; something given to another person.

交換

kōkan — Exchange; the act of giving and receiving mutually.

財宝

zaihō — Treasure; a collection of valuable precious items.

竜

ryū — A dragon; a mythical fire-breathing reptile creature.

老い

oi — Old age; the state of being elderly.

て

te — Conjunctive particle connecting verbs or clauses.

も

mo — Also; even; inclusive particle in Japanese.

なお

nao — Still; even now; continuing nonetheless.

勇敢

yūkan — Bravery; courageous and bold in facing danger.

回想

kaisō — Recollection; looking back on past memories.

求め

motome — A request or search; seeking something desired.

続き

tsuzuki — Continuation; what follows next in sequence.

最後

saigo — The last; the final moment or instance.

戦い

tatakai — A battle or fight; armed conflict between opponents.

忠実

chūjitsu — Faithful; loyal and devoted to someone or something.

なる

naru — To become; to turn into something.

仲間

nakama — Companion; a friend or fellow group member.

剣

ken / tsurugi — A sword; a bladed weapon used in combat.

見捨て

misute — Abandonment; leaving someone behind without help.

られる

rareru — Passive verb suffix; to be done to someone.

死闘

shitō — A deadly struggle; fighting desperately for survival.

最期

saigo — One's final moments; the moment of death.

巣

su — A nest or lair; a creature's home dwelling.

略奪

ryakudatsu — Plunder; seizing goods by force or pillaging.

する

suru — To do; general-purpose action verb in Japanese.

死

shi — Death; the end of life.

死せる

shiseru — Dead; one who has already died.

敵

teki — An enemy; someone who opposes you.

痛烈

tsūretsu — Scathing; sharp and severe in criticism or impact.

な

na — Adjectival linking particle for na-adjectives.

叱責

shisseki — A severe reprimand; strongly scolding someone's behavior.

使者

shisha — A messenger; someone sent to deliver important news.

回顧

kaiko — Retrospection; looking back on the past.

悲しい

kanashii — Sad; feeling or causing deep sorrow.

話

hanashi — A story or conversation; something spoken or told.

持ち去ら

mochisara — Carried away; taken elsewhere by someone or something.

れた

reta — Past passive verb ending; was done to subject.

火葬

kasō — Cremation; burning a body as a funeral practice.

補遺

hoi — Supplement; additional material appended to a text.

七

nana / shichi — The number seven.

序文

jobun — A preface; introductory remarks at a book's start.

本書

honsho — This book; the present volume being referred to.

現代

gendai — The modern era; contemporary times we live in.

韻律

inritsu — Prosody; the rhythmic and metrical structure of verse.

よって

yotte — By means of; through; consequently therefore.

古

ko / furui — Old; ancient; referring to past times or things.

叙事詩

jojishi — An epic poem; a long narrative heroic poem.

おおよそ

ooyoso — Approximately; roughly; about a certain amount.

再現

saigen — Reproduction; recreating or reproducing something again.

しよう

shiyō — Let's do; volitional form expressing intention or suggestion.

さりげない

sarigenai — Casual; nonchalant; done without drawing attention.

試み

kokoromi — An attempt; trying to do something for the first time.

で

de — At; by means of; location or method particle.

ある

aru — To exist; to be; existential verb in Japanese.

繰り返す

kurikaesu — To repeat; to do something over and over again.

それ

sore — That; referring to something previously mentioned.

詩

shi — Poetry; a literary work in verse form.

すれ

sure — Conditional verb stem; if one does something.

ば

ba — Conditional particle; if, when a condition is met.

現代人

gendaijin — A modern person; someone living in contemporary times.

耳

mimi — The ear; the organ used for hearing sounds.

ほとんど

hotondo — Almost; mostly; nearly all of something.

散文

sanbun — Prose; ordinary written language without metrical structure.

して

shite — Doing; te-form of suru linking actions together.

聞こえ

kikoye — To be audible; to sound like something to listeners.

しまう

shimau — To end up doing; completion with unintended nuance.

から

kara — Because; from; indicating reason or starting point.

本文

honbun — The main text; the body of a written work.

および

oyobi — And; as well as; used in formal written contexts.

語彙集

goishu — A vocabulary list or glossary of collected words.

従っ

shitagat- — Following; in accordance with; obeying a guideline.

た

ta — Past tense verb ending in Japanese grammar.

時

toki — Time; a moment or occasion when something occurs.

原文

genbun — The original text; source document before translation.

逸脱

itsudatsu — Deviation; departing from a standard or original.

こと

koto — A thing; an abstract noun nominalizer in Japanese.

あっ

at- — Exclamation of surprise; also contracted form of aru.

常

tsune — Always; usually; normal or ordinary circumstances.

十分

jūbun — Sufficient; enough; adequately satisfying a requirement.

理由

riyū — A reason; the cause or basis for something.

思わ

omowa — To think; negative or passive stem of omou.

れる

reru — Passive or potential auxiliary verb suffix.

場合

baai — A case or situation; circumstances under which something occurs.

限っ

kagit- — Limiting to; restricted only to certain cases.

訳者

yakusha — A translator; the person who translates a text.

編者

hensha — An editor; the person who compiles or edits a work.

目指す

mezasu — To aim for; to have something as one's goal.

もの

mono — A thing; a person; nominalizing soft assertion.

ない

nai — Not; negation; does not exist or is absent.