Beowulf: An Anglo-Saxon Epic Poem — Page 6

Vocabulary

人

hito — Person; human being

すなわち

sunawachi — That is; namely; in other words

の

no — Possessive or descriptive particle

王

ō — King; ruler; monarch

は

wa — Topic-marking particle in Japanese grammar

壮大

sōdai — Grand; magnificent; on a large scale

な

na — Adjectival linking particle for na-adjectives

酒場

sakaba — Tavern; bar; drinking establishment

宮殿

kyūden — Palace; royal or grand residence

を

wo — Object-marking particle in Japanese grammar

建て

tate — Build; construct (stem form of 建てる)

そこ

soko — There; that place

で

de — At; in; particle indicating location of action

家臣

kashin — Vassal; retainer; feudal subject

たち

tachi — Plural suffix for people or animals

に

ni — Directional or indirect object particle

宴

utage — Banquet; feast; celebratory gathering

催し

moyōshi — Event; holding a gathering or ceremony

贈り物

okurimono — Gift; present; something given to someone

与える

ataeru — To give; to grant; to provide

こと

koto — Thing; fact; nominalizing abstract actions or states

望ん

nozon — Wished; desired (conjunctive form of 望む)

だ

da — Copula; plain-form 'is/was'

しかし

shikashi — However; but; nevertheless

と

to — And; with; quotation or conditional particle

喜び

yorokobi — Joy; delight; happiness

長く

nagaku — For a long time; lengthily

続か

tsuzuka — Continue; last (negative stem of 続く)

なかっ

nakatt — Did not (past negative auxiliary stem)

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary particle

怪物

kaibutsu — Monster; creature; supernatural beast

憎む

nikumu — To hate; to detest; to loathe

べき

beki — Should; ought to; expressing obligation or expectation

嫉妬心

shittoshin — Feeling of jealousy; envious emotion

囚わ

torawa — Captured by; seized by; held prisoner

れ

re — Passive auxiliary verb ending

近く

chikaku — Nearby; in the vicinity; close to

沼地

numachi — Swamp; marsh; boggy wetland area

住処

sumika — Dwelling place; lair; home

まで

made — Until; up to; as far as

届く

todoku — To reach; to arrive; to be delivered

歓喜

kanki — Great joy; jubilation; exultation

声

koe — Voice; sound; cry

彼

kare — He; him; that person (male)

我慢

gaman — Patience; endurance; putting up with something

する

suru — To do; to perform an action

が

ga — Subject marker or conjunctive 'but' particle

でき

deki — Can; be able to (stem of できる)

たびたび

tabitabi — Repeatedly; again and again; frequently

その

sono — That; the (demonstrative adjective)

賑やか

nigiyaka — Lively; bustling; merry and noisy

館

yakata — Hall; manor; large building or residence

へ

e — To; toward; directional particle

赴き

omomuki — Proceeding; heading toward; going to

恐ろしい

osoroshii — Terrible; frightening; dreadful

悪事

akuji — Evil deed; wicked act; wrongdoing

企て

kuwadате — Plot; scheme; devise a plan

次々

tsugitsugi — One after another; in succession

容赦

yōsha — Mercy; pardon; leniency; forgiveness

なく

naku — Without; lacking (conjunctive negative form)

連れ去ら

turesara — Carry away; abduct; take someone by force

食い殺さ

kuikorosa — Devour and kill; eat alive

立ち向かう

tachimukau — To confront; to stand up against; to face

だけ

dake — Only; just; merely; limited to

力

chikara — Strength; power; force

勇気

yūki — Courage; bravery; boldness

持つ

motsu — To have; to hold; to possess

者

mono — Person; one who; individual with a quality

誰

dare — Who; anyone; someone

一人

hitori — One person; alone; a single individual

見つから

mitsukara — Be found; be discovered (negative stem)

十二

jūni — Twelve; the number 12

年

nen — Year; annual period of time

も

mo — Also; too; even; as many as

間

aida — Period; interval; span of time or space

苦しめ

kurushime — Torment; cause suffering; afflict

続け

tsuzuke — Continue; keep doing (conjunctive stem)

海

umi — Sea; ocean

渡っ

wata(t) — Cross over; traverse (past connective form)

一日

ichinichi — One day; a full day

航海

kōkai — Voyage; sea journey; sailing

距離

kyori — Distance; length between two points

住む

sumu — To live; to reside; to dwell

甥

oi — Nephew; brother's or sister's son

ある

aru — To be; to exist; there is (inanimate)

所業

shogyō — Deeds; acts; conduct (often negative)

苦難

kunan — Hardship; suffering; trial; ordeal

ついて

tsuite — About; concerning; regarding a topic

耳

mimi — Ear; sense of hearing

し

shi — And; conjunctive form linking clauses

凶悪

kyōaku — Vicious; heinous; brutal; atrociously evil

打ち倒し

uchitaoshi — Strike down; defeat; knock over

老い

oi — Old age; aging; the elderly

救う

sukuu — To save; to rescue; to help someone

決意

ketsui — Determination; resolution; firm decision

精鋭

seirei — Elite; crack troops; finest members

十四

jūshi — Fourteen; the number 14

仲間

nakama — Companion; comrade; fellow member

伴い

tomonai — Accompanied by; together with; bringing along

国

kuni — Country; nation; homeland

船出

funade — Setting sail; departure by ship

到着

tōchaku — Arrival; reaching a destination

すぐ

sugu — Immediately; right away; soon

自分

jibun — Oneself; one's own self

助力

joryoku — Help; assistance; aid; support

る

ru — Verb ending for present/future tense

能力

nōryoku — Ability; capability; skill; capacity

納得

nattoku — Convincing; understanding; acceptance of reasoning

さ

sa — Nominalization suffix or casual sentence-ending

せ

se — Causative verb ending; make someone do

夜

yoru — Night; evening; nighttime

なる

naru — To become; to turn into

時間

jikan — Time; hour; duration

酒

sake — Alcohol; rice wine; sake

飲み

nomi — Drinking; drink (stem of 飲む)

交わし

kawashi — Exchange; share mutually (words or drinks)

ながら

nagara — While doing; simultaneously; at the same time

談話

danwa — Conversation; talk; discourse

費やさ

tsuyayasa — Spend; use up time or resources

就寝

shūshin — Going to bed; retiring for the night

時

toki — Time; moment; when; occasion

来る

kuru — To come; to arrive

守り

mamori — Protection; guarding; defense

任せ

makase — Entrust; leave to someone; delegate

これ

kore — This; this thing (near speaker)

完全

kanzen — Complete; perfect; total; absolute

管理権

kanriken — Right of control; authority over management

他

hoka — Other; another; elsewhere

委ね

yudane — Entrust; leave in someone's hands

一度

ichido — Once; one time; a single occasion

告げ

tsuge — Tell; inform; announce to someone

全員

zen'in — All members; everyone; the whole group

休息

kyūsoku — Rest; repose; taking a break

就き

tsuki — Take up; settle into (rest or position)

いわば

iwaba — So to speak; as it were; in a sense

武器

buki — Weapon; arms; instrument of fighting

手

te — Hand; arm; means

まま

mama — As is; remaining in a certain state

眠り

nemuri — Sleep; slumber

つい

tsui — Unintentionally; before one knows it

神

kami — God; deity; divine being

怒り

ikari — Anger; rage; wrath

帯び

obi — Bear; carry; be filled with (emotion)

大いなる

ōinaru — Great; mighty; vast; immense

荒野

kōya — Wilderness; wasteland; desolate open land

歩み

ayumi — Steps; walking; advance; progress

やっ

ya(t) — Do; come (colloquial connective form)

て

te — Conjunctive particle connecting verb phrases

来

ki — Come (stem form of 来る)

眠る

nemuru — To sleep; to be asleep

戦士

senshi — Warrior; fighter; soldier

捕らえ

torae — Capture; seize; grab hold of

殺し

koroshi — Kill; murder; slaying

そして

soshite — And then; after that; furthermore

迫っ

sema(t) — Close in; press forward; approach threateningly