Beowulf: An Anglo-Saxon Epic Poem — Page 8

English → Japanese Full Text Level 9/10

_When the hero arrives in his own land, Higelac treats him as a distinguished guest. He is the hero of the hour._

英雄が自国の地に帰還すると、ヒゲラックは彼を特別な客人として迎える。彼はその瞬間の英雄である。

_Beowulf subsequently becomes king of his own people, the Geats. After he has been ruling for fifty years, his own neighborhood is wofully harried by a fire-spewing dragon. Beowulf determines to kill him. In the ensuing struggle both Beowulf and the dragon are slain. The grief of the Geats is inexpressible. They determine, however, to leave nothing undone to honor the memory of their lord. A great funeral-pyre is built, and his body is burnt. Then a memorial-barrow is made, visible from a great distance, that sailors afar may be constantly reminded of the prowess of the national hero of Geatland._

その後、ベーオウルフは自らの民であるギート族の王となる。五十年にわたって統治した後、彼の領地は火を吹く竜によって無惨に荒らされる。ベーオウルフはその竜を倒すことを決意する。続く戦いにおいて、ベーオウルフと竜は共に命を落とす。ギート族の悲しみは言葉に尽くせないものであった。しかし彼らは、主君の記憶を称えるためにあらゆることをしようと決意する。大きな葬儀の薪が積まれ、彼の遺体は焼かれる。そして遠くからも見える記念の塚が作られ、遠くの船乗りたちがギートランドの国民的英雄の武勇を常に思い起こせるようにされる。

_The poem closes with a glowing tribute to his bravery, his gentleness, his goodness of heart, and his generosity._

詩は、彼の勇敢さ、優しさ、心の善良さ、そして寛大さへの熱烈な賛辞をもって閉じられる。

It is the devout desire of this translator to hasten the day when the story of Beowulf shall be as familiar to English-speaking peoples as that of the Iliad.

ベーオウルフの物語がイーリアスと同様に英語を話す人々に親しまれる日を早めることが、この翻訳者の切なる願いである。

Beowulf is our first great epic.

ベーオウルフは我々の最初の偉大な叙事詩である。

It is an epitomized history of the life of the Teutonic races.

それはゲルマン民族の生活の歴史を凝縮したものである。

It brings vividly before us our forefathers of pre-Alfredian eras, in their love of war, of sea, and of adventure.

それはアルフレッド王以前の時代の我々の祖先を、戦争、海、そして冒険への愛とともに、生き生きと我々の目の前に呼び起こす。

My special thanks are due to Professors Francis A. March and James A. Harrison, for advice, sympathy, and assistance.

助言、共感、そして支援に対して、フランシス・A・マーチ教授およびジェームズ・A・ハリソン教授に特別な感謝を申し上げる。

J.L. HALL.

J・L・ホール

ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE NOTES.

注釈で使用される略語。

B. = Bugge. C.

B. ＝ブッゲ。C.

Vocabulary

英雄: eiyuu — Hero; a person of great courage or achievement.
が: ga — Subject marker particle in Japanese grammar.
自国: jikoku — One's own country or homeland.
の: no — Possessive or linking particle in Japanese grammar.
地: chi — Land, ground, or place.
に: ni — Direction, location, or indirect object particle.
帰還: kikan — Return; coming back to one's homeland.
する: suru — To do; general-purpose action verb.
と: to — And; with; quotation particle in Japanese.
は: wa — Topic marker particle in Japanese grammar.
彼: kare — He; third-person masculine pronoun.
を: wo — Direct object marker particle in Japanese grammar.
特別: tokubetsu — Special; exceptional; set apart from ordinary things.
な: na — Adjectival linking particle for na-adjectives.
客人: kyakujin — Guest; visitor; honored person received warmly.
し: shi — Conjunctive form of suru; connects clauses.
て: te — Te-form particle connecting sequential actions.
迎える: mukaeru — To welcome; to greet an arriving person warmly.
その: sono — That; referring to something previously mentioned.
瞬間: shunkan — Moment; instant; a very brief point in time.
で: de — At; by means of; location or method particle.
ある: aru — To be; to exist (for inanimate things or states).
その後: sonogo — After that; subsequently; following those events.
自ら: mizukara — Oneself; personally; by one's own initiative.
民: tami — People; subjects; citizens of a nation or ruler.
王: ou — King; monarch; ruler of a kingdom.
なる: naru — To become; to turn into something new.
五十: gojuu — Fifty; the number 50.
年: nen — Year; a unit measuring time of twelve months.
わたって: watatte — Over (a period); spanning across a duration of time.
統治: touchi — Governance; ruling over a country or territory.
た: ta — Past tense auxiliary verb marker in Japanese.
後: nochi / ato — After; later; following an event or time.
領地: ryouchi — Territory; domain; land under one's rule.
火: hi — Fire; flames; combustion.
吹く: fuku — To blow; to breathe out forcefully (wind or fire).
竜: ryuu — Dragon; a mythical fire-breathing creature.
よって: yotte — By; because of; due to a cause or agent.
無惨: muzan — Brutal; cruel; mercilessly terrible and pitiful.
荒らさ: arasa — Ravaged; laid waste; destructively disturbed (passive stem).
れる: reru — Passive auxiliary verb suffix in Japanese grammar.
倒す: taosu — To defeat; to knock down or overthrow an enemy.
こと: koto — Thing; fact; nominalizer turning verbs into nouns.
決意: ketsui — Determination; firm resolve to do something.
続く: tsuzuku — To continue; to follow on; to persist.
戦い: tatakai — Battle; fight; combat between opposing forces.
おい: oi — Nephew; a male relative, son of one's sibling.
共: tomo — Together; along with; shared by multiple parties.
命: inochi — Life; one's vital existence; the force of living.
落とす: otosu — To drop; to lose; to let fall (including one's life).
悲しみ: kanashimi — Sorrow; grief; deep sadness and mourning.
言葉: kotoba — Words; language; speech; verbal expression.
尽くせ: tsukuse — Exhaust; express fully (potential/imperative form of 尽くす).
ない: nai — Not; negation; does not exist or occur.
もの: mono — Thing; something; a nominalizing expression.
しかし: shikashi — However; but; conjunction introducing a contrasting statement.
彼ら: karera — They; them; third-person plural pronoun.
主君: shukun — Lord; master; one's feudal or loyal superior.
記憶: kioku — Memory; recollection; the act of remembering.
称える: tataeru — To praise; to honor; to extol someone's deeds.
ため: tame — For the sake of; in order to; purpose marker.
あらゆる: arayuru — Every; all possible; each and every kind.
しよう: shiyou — Let's do; volitional form of suru, suggesting action.
大きな: ookina — Large; big; great in size or significance.
葬儀: sougi — Funeral; burial ceremony honoring the deceased.
薪: maki — Firewood; logs prepared for burning.
積まれ: tsummare — Piled up; stacked; heaped together (passive form).
遺体: itai — Remains; corpse; the body of a deceased person.
焼か: yaka — Burned; set on fire (stem of 焼く, to burn).
そして: soshite — And then; furthermore; connecting sequential events.
遠く: tooku — Far away; at a great distance.
から: kara — From; since; starting point particle.
も: mo — Also; even; too; inclusive particle.
見える: mieru — To be visible; to appear; can be seen.
記念: kinen — Commemoration; memorial; remembering a significant event.
塚: tsuka — Mound; burial mound; raised earthen monument.
作られ: tsukurare — Built; constructed; made (passive form of 作る).
船乗り: funanori — Sailor; seafarer; person who travels by ship.
たち: tachi — Plural suffix for people or living beings.
国民的: kokuminteki — National; relating to or characteristic of a nation's people.
武勇: buyuu — Valor; martial bravery; courageous fighting spirit.
常: tsune — Always; constantly; at all times.
思い起こせる: omoiokoseru — Can recall; able to bring back to memory.
よう: you — So that; in order to; manner or resemblance.
さ: sa — Nominalizing suffix turning adjectives into nouns.
詩: shi — Poem; poetry; a literary work in verse.
勇敢: yuukan — Brave; courageous; showing fearless determination.
優し: yasashi — Gentle; kind; tender in nature (stem form).
心: kokoro — Heart; mind; inner spirit or feelings.
善良: zenryou — Virtuous; good-natured; morally upright and kind.
寛大: kandai — Generous; magnanimous; tolerant and open-handed.
へ: he — To; toward; directional particle indicating destination.
熱烈: netsuretu — Passionate; fervent; intensely enthusiastic or ardent.
賛辞: sanji — Tribute; words of praise; complimentary expression.
閉じ: toji — Close; shut; end (stem form of 閉じる).
られる: rareru — Passive or potential auxiliary verb suffix.
物語: monogatari — Story; tale; narrative; legendary account.
同様: douyou — Similarly; in the same way; likewise.
英語: eigo — English language; the language spoken in England.
話す: hanasu — To speak; to talk; to communicate verbally.
人々: hitobito — People; many individuals; the general populace.
親しまれる: shitashimareru — Be beloved; to be cherished and held dear.
日: hi — Day; the sun; a unit of time (one day).
早める: hayameru — To hasten; to bring forward; to speed something up.
この: kono — This; referring to something close to the speaker.
翻訳者: hon'yakusha — Translator; person who converts text between languages.
切なる: setsu naru — Earnest; heartfelt; sincere and deeply felt (wish).
願い: negai — Wish; desire; a sincere hope or request.
我々: wareware — We; us; first-person plural, often formal tone.
最初: saisho — First; the beginning; the earliest point or stage.
偉大: idai — Great; magnificent; of enormous importance or stature.
叙事詩: jojishi — Epic poem; a long narrative poem of heroic deeds.
それ: sore — That; referring to something near the listener.
民族: minzoku — Ethnic group; people sharing culture, language, heritage.
生活: seikatsu — Life; daily living; way of life and livelihood.
歴史: rekishi — History; the recorded past; chronicle of events.
凝縮: gyoushuku — Condensation; distillation; compressing essence into something.
以前: izen — Before; previously; prior to a given time.
時代: jidai — Era; age; historical period of time.
祖先: sosen — Ancestors; forebears; those from whom one descends.
戦争: sensou — War; armed conflict between nations or groups.
海: umi — Sea; ocean; a large body of salt water.
冒険: bouken — Adventure; a risky or exciting undertaking.
愛: ai — Love; deep affection; caring devotion toward another.
とも: tomo — With; together; also serving as companion marker.
生き生き: ikiiki — Vividly; vibrantly; in a lively and animated way.
目: me — Eye; the organ of sight; perspective or view.
前: mae — Before; in front of; prior position or time.
呼び起こす: yobiokоsu — To evoke; to call forth; to bring to mind.
助言: jogen — Advice; counsel; helpful guidance given to another.
共感: kyoukan — Empathy; sympathy; sharing another's feelings.
支援: shien — Support; assistance; backing given to someone's effort.
対し: taishi — Toward; regarding; in relation to (formal usage).
教授: kyouju — Professor; university faculty member of highest rank.
および: oyobi — And; as well as; formal conjunction linking items.
感謝: kansha — Gratitude; thanks; appreciation for help received.
申し上げる: moushiageru — To humbly say; polite humble verb for expressing oneself.
注釈: chuushaku — Annotation; commentary; explanatory notes on a text.
使用: shiyou — Use; usage; putting something into practical application.
略語: ryakugo — Abbreviation; shortened form of a word or phrase.

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