← Beowulf: An Anglo-Saxon Epic Poem

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Beowulf is Double-Conqueror (XXIV.) 53

Beowulf là Kẻ Chinh Phục Kép (XXIV.) 53

Beowulf Brings his Trophies } (XXV.) 57 Hrothgar's Gratitude

Beowulf Mang Chiến Lợi Phẩm } (XXV.) 57 Lòng Biết Ơn của Hrothgar

Hrothgar Moralizes } (XXVI.) 60 Rest after Labor

Hrothgar Triết Lý } (XXVI.) 60 Nghỉ Ngơi Sau Lao Động

Sorrow at Parting (XXVII.) 62

Nỗi Buồn Khi Chia Tay (XXVII.) 62

The Homeward Journey } (XXVIII.) 64 The Two Queens

Cuộc Hành Trình Về Nhà } (XXVIII.) 64 Hai Nữ Hoàng

Beowulf and Higelac (XXIX.) 67

Beowulf và Higelac (XXIX.) 67

Beowulf Narrates his Adventures to Higelac (XXX.) 69

Beowulf Kể Lại Những Cuộc Phiêu Lưu của Mình cho Higelac Nghe (XXX.) 69

Gift-Giving is Mutual (XXXI.) 73

Tặng Quà là Việc Qua Lại (XXXI.) 73

The Hoard and the Dragon (XXXII.) 75

Kho Báu và Rồng (XXXII.) 75

Brave Though Aged } (XXXIII.) 78 Reminiscences

Dũng Cảm Dù Tuổi Già } (XXXIII.) 78 Hồi Ức

Beowulf Seeks the Dragon } (XXXIV.) 81 Beowulf's Reminiscences

Beowulf Tìm Kiếm Rồng } (XXXIV.) 81 Hồi Ức của Beowulf

Reminiscences (continued) } (XXXV.) 83 Beowulf's Last Battle

Hồi Ức (tiếp theo) } (XXXV.) 83 Trận Chiến Cuối Cùng của Beowulf

Wiglaf the Trusty } (XXXVI.) 88 Beowulf is Deserted by Friends and by Sword

Wiglaf Trung Thành } (XXXVI.) 88 Beowulf Bị Bạn Bè và Thanh Kiếm Bỏ Rơi

The Fatal Struggle } (XXXVII.) 91 Beowulf's Last Moments

Cuộc Chiến Định Mệnh } (XXXVII.) 91 Những Khoảnh Khắc Cuối Cùng của Beowulf

Wiglaf Plunders the Dragon's Den } (XXXVIII.) 93 Beowulf's Death

Wiglaf Cướp Phá Hang Rồng } (XXXVIII.) 93 Cái Chết của Beowulf

The Dead Foes } (XXXIX.) 95 Wiglaf's Bitter Taunts

Những Kẻ Thù Đã Chết } (XXXIX.) 95 Những Lời Chế Nhạo Cay Đắng của Wiglaf

The Messenger of Death (XL.) 97

Sứ Giả của Cái Chết (XL.) 97

The Messenger's Retrospect (XLI.) 99

Sự Hồi Tưởng của Sứ Giả (XLI.) 99

Wiglaf's Sad Story } (XLII.) 103 The Hoard Carried Off

Câu Chuyện Buồn của Wiglaf } (XLII.) 103 Kho Báu Bị Mang Đi

The Burning of Beowulf (XLIII.) 106

Lễ Hỏa Táng Beowulf (XLIII.) 106

Addenda 109

Phần Bổ Sung 109

PREFACE.

LỜI TỰA.

The present work is a modest effort to reproduce approximately, in modern measures, the venerable epic, Beowulf.

Tác phẩm hiện tại là một nỗ lực khiêm tốn nhằm tái hiện một cách tương đối, theo thể thức hiện đại, bản anh hùng ca đáng kính, Beowulf.

_Approximately_, I repeat; for a very close reproduction of Anglo-Saxon verse would, to a large extent, be prose to a modern ear.

_Tương đối_, tôi nhắc lại; vì một bản tái hiện quá sát với thơ ca Anglo-Saxon sẽ, ở mức độ lớn, chỉ là văn xuôi đối với tai người hiện đại.

The Heyne-Socin text and glossary have been closely followed.

Văn bản và bảng chú giải của Heyne-Socin đã được tuân theo một cách chặt chẽ.

Occasionally a deviation has been made, but always for what seemed good and sufficient reason.

Đôi khi có sự sai lệch, nhưng luôn vì những lý do có vẻ chính đáng và đầy đủ.

The translator does not aim to be an editor.

Người dịch không có tham vọng trở thành một biên tập viên.

Vocabulary

là — To be; linking verb indicating identity or description.
Kẻ
kẻ — Person, individual, often with negative or neutral connotation.
Chinh
chinh — To conquer, campaign, or go on a military expedition.
Phục
phục — To subdue, overcome, or submit to authority.
Kép
kép — Double, dual, or secondary; also an actor in theater.
Mang
mang — To carry, bring, or bear something along.
Chiến
chiến — War, battle, or military conflict.
Lợi
lợi — Benefit, profit, or advantage gained.
Phẩm
phẩm — Item, goods, or quality of something.
Lòng
lòng — Heart, mind, or inner feelings of a person.
Biết
biết — To know, to be aware of something.
Ơn
ơn — Gratitude, grace, or a favor received from someone.
của
của — Possessive particle meaning 'of' or 'belonging to'.
Triết
triết — Philosophy or philosophical wisdom and thought.
lý — Reason, logic, or rational principle behind something.
Nghỉ
nghỉ — To rest, take a break, or cease working.
Ngơi
ngơi — To rest or pause; often paired with nghỉ.
Sau
sau — After, behind, or following in time or space.
Lao
lao — To labor, toil, or work hard physically.
Động
động — To move, act, or be in motion; active.
Nỗi
nỗi — A feeling or emotion, often of sadness or suffering.
Buồn
buồn — Sad, sorrowful, or feeling unhappy about something.
Khi
khi — When, at the time of a particular event or moment.
Chia
chia — To divide, share, or part ways with someone.
Tay
tay — Hand or arm; also used in farewell expressions.
Cuộc
cuộc — A journey, event, or extended activity or affair.
Hành
hành — To travel, march, or undertake a journey.
Trình
trình — Journey, route, or level of progress or presentation.
Về
về — To return home or go back to a place.
Nhà
nhà — House, home, or dwelling place of a person.
Hai
hai — The number two; also used for pairs or doubles.
Nữ
nữ — Female, woman, or feminine gender designation.
Hoàng
hoàng — Royal, imperial, or pertaining to a king or queen.
và — And; coordinating conjunction linking words or phrases.
Kể
kể — To tell, narrate, or recount a story or event.
Lại
lại — Again, to do something once more or return.
Những
những — Plural marker for nouns; 'the' or 'those' things.
Phiêu
phiêu — To wander, drift, or embark on an adventure freely.
Lưu
lưu — To roam, stay, or remain; used in adventure contexts.
Mình
mình — Oneself, one's own body, or first-person informal pronoun.
cho
cho — To give, for, or allowing something to someone else.
Nghe
nghe — To listen, hear, or pay attention to sounds.
Tặng
tặng — To give as a gift or present to someone.
Quà
quà — Gift, present, or token given to someone special.
Việc
việc — Work, task, matter, or affair to be done.
Qua
qua — To pass, go through, or across something; past.
Kho
kho — Warehouse, treasury, or storage place for valuables.
Báu
báu — Precious, valuable, or treasured objects or things.
Rồng
rồng — Dragon, a mythical powerful creature in folklore.
Dũng
dũng — Brave, courageous, or bold in facing danger.
Cảm
cảm — To feel, sense, or be emotionally moved by something.
dù — Although, even though, or despite a condition.
Tuổi
tuổi — Age, years of life, or time of one's existence.
Già
già — Old, elderly, or advanced in age.
Hồi
hồi — To recall, return, or a period of time past.
Ức
ức — Memory, recollection, or to remember past events.
Tìm
tìm — To search, look for, or seek something out.
Kiếm
kiếm — To seek, earn, or find; also means sword.
tiếp
tiếp — To continue, follow up, or receive someone or something.
theo
theo — To follow, pursue, or go along with someone.
Trận
trận — Battle, fight, or a military engagement or skirmish.
Cuối
cuối — Last, final, or at the end of something.
Cùng
cùng — Together, same, or at the same time with others.
Trung
trung — Loyal, faithful, or devoted to a person or cause.
Thành
thành — Sincere, accomplished, or to become; city or fortress.
Bị
bị — Passive marker indicating something unpleasant happens to subject.
Bạn
bạn — Friend, companion, or second-person informal pronoun.
bè — Friends, associates, or companions as a group.
Thanh
thanh — Pure, clear, or a blade; also a Vietnamese given name.
Bỏ
bỏ — To abandon, leave behind, or give up on something.
Rơi
rơi — To fall, drop, or be left behind accidentally.
Định
định — Fate, to decide, or to determine a course of action.
Mệnh
mệnh — Destiny, fate, or life force of a person.
Khoảnh
khoảnh — A brief moment or small plot of land or space.
Khắc
khắc — Moment, instant, or to engrave or carve something.
Cướp
cướp — To rob, plunder, or seize by force violently.
Phá
phá — To destroy, break, or ransack a place or thing.
Hang
hang — Cave, den, or lair of an animal or creature.
Cái
cái — Classifier for objects; death when used as 'cái chết'.
Chết
chết — Death, to die, or cease living entirely.
Thù
thù — Enemy, hatred, or vengeance toward someone.
Đã
đã — Past tense marker indicating a completed action.
Lời
lời — Words, speech, or a statement made by someone.
Chế
chế — To mock, ridicule, or create and manufacture something.
Nhạo
nhạo — To mock, scoff, or deride someone with contempt.
Cay
cay — Spicy, bitter, or harsh in taste or feeling.
Đắng
đắng — Bitter taste or feeling; painful and harsh emotionally.
Sứ
sứ — Envoy, messenger, or ambassador sent with a mission.
Giả
giả — Fake, false, or a person pretending to be something.
Sự
sự — Nominalizing prefix turning verbs or adjectives into nouns.
Tưởng
tưởng — To imagine, think, or commemorate someone or something.
Câu
câu — Sentence, phrase, or classifier for questions and stories.
Chuyện
chuyện — Story, tale, or matter being discussed or narrated.
Đi
đi — To go, walk, or move toward a destination.
Lễ
lễ — Ceremony, ritual, or religious and cultural rite.
Hỏa
hỏa — Fire, flame, or relating to burning and heat.
Táng
táng — Funeral, burial, or cremation rite for the deceased.
Phần
phần — Part, section, portion, or share of something larger.
Bổ
bổ — To supplement, add to, or nourish with extra content.
Sung
sung — Addition, supplement, or well-fed and abundant feeling.
LỜI
lời — Words, speech, or a spoken statement or introduction.
TỰA
tựa — Preface, foreword, or introduction to a literary work.
Tác
tác — To create, make, or produce a literary or artistic work.
phẩm
phẩm — Work, piece, or product of creative or artistic effort.
hiện
hiện — Present, current, or to appear and manifest visibly.
tại
tại — At, in, or currently existing at a place or time.
một
một — One, a single, or the indefinite article in Vietnamese.
nỗ
nỗ — Effort, attempt, or striving toward achieving a goal.
lực
lực — Force, strength, or power applied to accomplish something.
khiêm
khiêm — Humble, modest, or unassuming in manner or claim.
tốn
tốn — Modest, humble, or to cost and expend resources.
nhằm
nhằm — To aim at, intend, or target a specific purpose.
tái
tái — To redo, recreate, or do something again anew.
cách
cách — Method, way, manner, or style of doing something.
tương
tương — Mutual, relative, or corresponding to something else.
đối
đối — Opposite, relatively, or to face and confront something.
thể
thể — Form, style, body, or the physical form of something.
thức
thức — Form, format, or to stay awake and be alert.
đại
đại — Great, grand, or large scale in size or importance.
bản
bản — Version, copy, original, or the base of something.
anh
anh — Older brother, male pronoun, or heroic and brave.
hùng
hùng — Heroic, brave, or a hero of great courage.
ca
ca — Song, epic poem, or to sing a musical piece.
đáng
đáng — Worthy, deserving, or suitable for a particular purpose.
kính
kính — Respectable, to respect, or a glass lens or mirror.
Tương
tương — Mutual, relative, or future tense indicating similarity.
tôi
tôi — I, me; first-person singular formal pronoun in Vietnamese.
nhắc
nhắc — To remind, mention, or bring something to attention.
lại
lại — Again, to repeat or return to a previous action.
vì — Because, for the reason that, or due to something.
quá
quá — Too, excessively, or overly beyond a normal degree.
sát
sát — Close, literal, or to stay near and adhere to.
với
với — With, together, or in relation to something or someone.
thơ
thơ — Poetry, poem, or verse written in literary form.
sẽ
sẽ — Will, future tense marker indicating upcoming action.
ở — To be at, live at, or located in a place.
mức
mức — Level, degree, or standard of something measured.
độ
độ — Degree, level, or extent of a quality or measurement.
lớn
lớn — Large, big, or great in size or importance.
chỉ
chỉ — Only, merely, or just; to point at or indicate.
văn
văn — Literature, writing, or culture and the arts.
xuôi
xuôi — Prose, or flowing smoothly in a downstream direction.
tai
tai — Ear, or to hear with the auditory organ.
người
người — Person, human being, or people in general.
Văn
văn — Literature, writing, or cultured and learned expression.
bảng
bảng — Table, board, list, or a flat surface for writing.
chú
chú — Note, annotation, or uncle; to pay attention to something.
giải
giải — To explain, solve, or annotate and clarify something.
đã
đã — Past tense marker indicating a completed past action.
được
được — To be able, to get, or passive benefactive marker.
tuân
tuân — To follow, obey, or adhere to rules strictly.
chặt
chặt — Tight, strict, closely, or firmly adherent to something.
chẽ
chẽ — Closely, strictly, or meticulously following a standard.
Đôi
đôi — A pair, couple, or sometimes indicating occasional instances.
khi
khi — When, at times, or sometimes in certain situations.
có — To have, there is, or to exist and possess.
sự
sự — Nominalizing particle converting verbs or adjectives to nouns.
sai
sai — Wrong, incorrect, or an error in judgment or action.
lệch
lệch — Deviation, discrepancy, or being off from the norm.
nhưng
nhưng — But, however, or yet introducing a contrasting clause.
luôn
luôn — Always, constantly, or continuously without exception.
những
những — Plural marker; those, the, referring to multiple things.
lý — Reason, rationale, or logical principle behind a decision.
do
do — Reason, cause, or because of a particular factor.
vẻ
vẻ — Appearance, look, or seeming quality of something observed.
chính
chính — Main, correct, official, or principal among several options.
đầy
đầy — Full, filled, or plentiful in amount or degree.
đủ
đủ — Enough, sufficient, or having adequate amount of something.
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