Beyond Good and Evil — Page 2
For there is risk in raising it, perhaps there is no greater risk.
なぜなら、それを提起することにはリスクがあり、おそらくそれ以上のリスクはないからだ。
2. "HOW COULD anything originate out of its opposite?
2．「いかにして、何かがその対立物から生じることができるというのか？
For example, truth out of error?
たとえば、誤りから真理が生まれるとでもいうのか？
or the Will to Truth out of the will to deception?
あるいは、欺こうとする意志から真理への意志が生まれるとでもいうのか？
or the generous deed out of selfishness?
あるいは、利己心から寛大な行為が生まれるとでもいうのか？
or the pure sun-bright vision of the wise man out of covetousness?
あるいは、貪欲から賢者の純粋で太陽のように明るい洞察が生まれるとでもいうのか？
Such genesis is impossible; whoever dreams of it is a fool, nay, worse than a fool;
そのような生成は不可能であり、それを夢想する者は愚か者、いや、愚か者以下だ。
things of the highest value must have a different origin, an origin of THEIR own--in this transitory, seductive, illusory, paltry world, in this turmoil of delusion and cupidity, they cannot have their source.
最高の価値を持つものは、異なる起源、それ自身の起源を持たなければならない――この無常で、誘惑的で、幻想的で、取るに足らない世界において、この妄想と欲望の混乱の中においては、それらの源泉はあり得ない。
But rather in the lap of Being, in the intransitory, in the concealed God, in the 'Thing-in-itself--THERE must be their source, and nowhere else!"--
むしろ存在の懐の中に、不変なるものの中に、隠れた神の中に、「物自体」の中に――そこにこそそれらの源泉があるべきであり、他のどこにもあってはならない！」――
This mode of reasoning discloses the typical prejudice by which metaphysicians of all times can be recognized, this mode of valuation is at the back of all their logical procedure;
この推論の様式は、あらゆる時代の形而上学者たちを見分けることができる典型的な偏見を明らかにしており、この評価の様式が彼らのすべての論理的手続きの背後にある。
through this "belief" of theirs, they exert themselves for their "knowledge," for something that is in the end solemnly christened "the Truth."
この彼らの「信念」を通じて、彼らは自らの「知識」のために、そして最終的に厳かに「真理」と名付けられる何かのために尽力する。
The fundamental belief of metaphysicians is THE BELIEF IN ANTITHESES OF VALUES.
形而上学者たちの根本的な信念は、価値の対立への信念である。
It never occurred even to the wariest of them to doubt here on the very threshold (where doubt, however, was most necessary);
疑うことが最も必要であったまさにその入り口において疑いを抱くことは、彼らの中で最も慎重な者にさえ思い浮かばなかった。
though they had made a solemn vow, "DE OMNIBUS DUBITANDUM."
たとえ彼らが「すべてのことを疑うべし」という厳かな誓いを立てていたとしても。
Vocabulary
- なぜなら
- nazenara — because; the reason being that
- それ
- sore — that; that thing over there
- を
- wo — direct object particle marking the object
- 提起
- teiki — raising an issue; proposing a question
- する
- suru — to do; to perform an action
- こと
- koto — thing; matter; fact; nominalizer
- に
- ni — particle indicating location, direction, or purpose
- は
- wa — topic marker particle
- リスク
- risuku — risk; danger; possibility of harm
- が
- ga — subject marker particle
- あり
- ari — to exist; there is (conjunctive form)
- おそらく
- osoraku — probably; most likely; presumably
- 以上
- ijou — more than; above; that is all
- の
- no — possessive or nominalizing particle
- ない
- nai — not; nonexistent; negative form
- から
- kara — because; from; since
- だ
- da — copula; informal form of 'to be'
- いかに
- ikani — how; in what way; to what extent
- して
- shite — doing; by means of (conjunctive te-form)
- 何か
- nanika — something; some kind of thing
- その
- sono — that; the (attributive demonstrative)
- 対立
- tairitsu — opposition; conflict; confrontation between things
- 物
- mono — thing; object; substance
- 生じる
- shoujiru — to occur; to arise; to be produced
- できる
- dekiru — to be able to; to come into being
- と
- to — and; with; quotation particle
- いう
- iu — to say; called; named
- か
- ka — question particle; or
- たとえば
- tatoeba — for example; for instance
- 誤り
- ayamari — error; mistake; falsehood
- 真理
- shinri — truth; fundamental principle or fact
- 生まれる
- umareru — to be born; to come into existence
- でも
- demo — but; even; however
- あるいは
- aruiwa — or; alternatively; perhaps
- 欺こう
- azamukō — intending to deceive; volitional form of deceive
- 意志
- ishi — will; volition; intention
- へ
- e — direction particle; toward; to
- 利己心
- rikoshin — selfishness; self-interest; egotism
- 寛大
- kandai — generous; magnanimous; tolerant
- な
- na — adjectival linking particle (na-adjective form)
- 行為
- kōi — act; deed; conduct; behavior
- 貪欲
- don'yoku — greed; avarice; excessive desire
- 賢者
- kenja — wise person; sage; philosopher
- 純粋
- junsui — pure; genuine; unadulterated
- で
- de — at; by means of; copula te-form
- 太陽
- taiyō — the sun; solar
- よう
- yō — like; as if; resembling
- 明るい
- akarui — bright; cheerful; light
- 洞察
- dōsatsu — insight; penetrating understanding; discernment
- そのような
- sono yōna — such; that kind of; like that
- 生成
- seisei — generation; formation; coming into being
- 不可能
- fukanō — impossible; not feasible
- 夢想
- musō — daydream; fantasy; idle reverie
- 者
- mono / sha — person; one who does something
- 愚か者
- orokamono — fool; stupid person; idiot
- いや
- iya — no; rather; unpleasant; disagreeable
- 以下
- ika — below; less than; the following
- 最高
- saikō — highest; best; supreme; maximum
- 価値
- kachi — value; worth; merit
- 持つ
- motsu — to hold; to have; to possess
- もの
- mono — thing; person; object (spoken)
- 異なる
- kotonaru — to differ; to be different from
- 起源
- kigen — origin; source; beginning
- 自身
- jishin — oneself; itself; themselves
- 持た
- mota — to have (conjunctive base form)
- なけれ
- nakere — must not be; conditional negative form
- ば
- ba — conditional particle; if; when
- なら
- nara — if; in that case; conditional
- この
- kono — this (attributive demonstrative pronoun)
- 無常
- mujō — impermanence; transience; Buddhist concept
- 誘惑
- yūwaku — temptation; seduction; enticement
- 的
- teki — suffix meaning -like, -ish, or pertaining to
- 幻想
- gensō — illusion; fantasy; delusion
- 取る
- toru — to take; to grasp; to obtain
- 足ら
- tara — insignificant; not worth (base of たらない)
- 世界
- sekai — world; society; realm
- おい
- oi — hey; at (archaic/literary form of において)
- て
- te — conjunctive te-form particle
- 妄想
- mōsō — delusion; wild fantasy; obsessive thought
- 欲望
- yokubō — desire; craving; lust
- 混乱
- konran — confusion; disorder; chaos
- 中
- naka / chū — inside; middle; among; within
- それら
- sorera — those (plural demonstrative pronoun)
- 源泉
- gensen — source; fountainhead; origin
- 得
- u / e — to obtain; to gain; possible (suffix)
- むしろ
- mushiro — rather; instead; on the contrary
- 存在
- sonzai — existence; being; presence
- 懐
- futokoro — bosom; pocket; interior; embrace
- 不変
- fuhen — unchanging; immutable; constant
- なる
- naru — to become; to be (linking verb)
- 隠れ
- kakure — hidden; concealed; secret
- た
- ta — past tense auxiliary verb particle
- 神
- kami — god; deity; divine being
- 自体
- jitai — itself; in itself; as such
- そこ
- soko — there; that place
- こそ
- koso — emphatic particle; precisely; exactly
- ある
- aru — to exist; to be (inanimate)
- べき
- beki — should; ought to; must
- 他
- hoka / ta — other; elsewhere; another place
- どこ
- doko — where; what place
- も
- mo — also; even; either; too
- あっ
- a(t) — ah; oh (exclamation of surprise)
- 推論
- suiron — inference; reasoning; deduction
- 様式
- yōshiki — style; form; mode; pattern
- あらゆる
- arayuru — all; every; any possible kind
- 時代
- jidai — era; age; period; epoch
- 形而上学者
- keijijōgakusha — metaphysician; philosopher of metaphysics
- たち
- tachi — plural suffix for people or beings
- 見分ける
- miwakeru — to distinguish; to tell apart; to discern
- 典型
- tenkei — typical example; model; archetype
- 偏見
- henken — prejudice; bias; preconceived notion
- 明らか
- akiraka — clear; obvious; evident; apparent
- し
- shi — conjunctive verb form; and; also
- おり
- ori — being; existing (humble/literary continuative)
- 評価
- hyōka — evaluation; assessment; appraisal
- 彼ら
- karera — they; them (plural, masculine or mixed)
- すべて
- subete — all; everything; entirely
- 論理
- ronri — logic; reasoning; logical structure
- 手続き
- tetsuzuki — procedure; process; formality; steps
- 背後
- haigo — behind; in the background; rear
- 信念
- shinnen — belief; conviction; firm faith
- 通じ
- tsūji — through; via; by means of (conjunctive)
- 自ら
- mizukara — oneself; by oneself; personally
- 知識
- chishiki — knowledge; information; learning
- ため
- tame — for; because of; in order to
- そして
- soshite — and then; and; moreover
- 最終
- saishū — final; last; ultimate
- 厳か
- ōgosoka — solemn; grave; majestic; dignified
- 名付け
- nazuke — to name; to give a name to
- られる
- rareru — passive or potential auxiliary verb suffix
- 尽力
- jinryoku — effort; endeavor; doing one's best
- 根本
- konpon — root; foundation; fundamental basis
- 疑う
- utagau — to doubt; to suspect; to question
- 最も
- mottomo — most; extremely; the highest degree
- 必要
- hitsuyō — necessary; required; essential; needed
- まさに
- masani — exactly; precisely; indeed; just
- 入り口
- iriguchi — entrance; entry point; gateway; doorway
- 疑い
- utagai — doubt; suspicion; distrust
- 抱く
- idaku / daku — to hold; to embrace; to harbor a feeling
- 慎重
- shinchō — careful; cautious; prudent; discreet
- さえ
- sae — even; as long as; if only
- 思い浮かば
- omoiukaba — to come to mind; to recall (conditional base)
- なかっ
- naka(t) — did not exist; was not (past negative base)
- たとえ
- tatoe — even if; supposing; though
- べし
- beshi — should; must; ought to (classical form)
- という
- toiu — called; known as; that says
- 誓い
- chikai — oath; vow; solemn promise
- 立て
- tate — to make; to set up (conjunctive form)
- い
- i — to be; to exist (conjunctive of いる)
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