Beyond Good and Evil — Page 3

English → Chinese Preface Level 9/10

The philosophy of the dogmatists, it is to be hoped, was only a promise for thousands of years afterwards, as was astrology in still earlier times, in the service of which probably more labour, gold, acuteness, and patience have been spent than on any actual science hitherto: we owe to it, and to its "super-terrestrial" pretensions in Asia and Egypt, the grand style of architecture.

独断论者的哲学，但愿只是此后数千年的一个预兆，正如更早时代的占星术一样——在占星术的事业上，人们所耗费的劳力、黄金、机智与耐心，很可能超过了迄今任何一门真正的科学：我们要将宏伟的建筑风格归功于它，以及它在亚洲和埃及的"超凡入圣"的宏大抱负。

It seems that in order to inscribe themselves upon the heart of humanity with everlasting claims, all great things have first to wander about the earth as enormous and awe-inspiring caricatures: dogmatic philosophy has been a caricature of this kind--for instance, the Vedanta doctrine in Asia, and Platonism in Europe.

似乎一切伟大的事物，为了以永恒的诉求铭刻于人类的心灵之中，必须先以巨大而令人敬畏的讽刺漫画形式游荡于大地之上：独断哲学便是这样一种漫画——例如亚洲的吠檀多学说，以及欧洲的柏拉图主义。

Let us not be ungrateful to it, although it must certainly be confessed that the worst, the most tiresome, and the most dangerous of errors hitherto has been a dogmatist error--namely, Plato's invention of Pure Spirit and the Good in Itself.

让我们不要对它忘恩负义，尽管我们必须承认，迄今为止最糟糕、最令人厌倦、最危险的错误乃是一种独断论的错误——即柏拉图对纯粹精神与自在之善的虚构。

But now when it has been surmounted, when Europe, rid of this nightmare, can again draw breath freely and at least enjoy a healthier--sleep, we, WHOSE DUTY IS WAKEFULNESS ITSELF, are the heirs of all the strength which the struggle against this error has fostered.

但如今这一错误已被克服，欧洲摆脱了这场噩梦，得以再度自由呼吸，至少能享受一种更为健康的——睡眠，而我们，以警醒本身为职责者，则是这场与错误的抗争所培育出的全部力量的继承人。

It amounted to the very inversion of truth, and the denial of the PERSPECTIVE--the fundamental condition--of life, to speak of Spirit and the Good as Plato spoke of them; indeed one might ask, as a physician: "How did such a malady attack that finest product of antiquity, Plato?

像柏拉图那样谈论精神与善，实乃对真理的彻底颠倒，以及对生命之根本条件——视角——的否定；人们甚至可以像一位医生那样追问："这样一种病症，究竟是如何侵袭了古代最杰出的产物——柏拉图的？

Vocabulary

独断论者: dúduàn lùn zhě — A dogmatist; one who asserts doctrines without proof.
的: de — Structural particle indicating possession or modification.
哲学: zhéxué — Philosophy; the study of fundamental questions.
但愿: dànyuàn — Hopefully; I wish that something were true.
只是: zhǐshì — Merely; just; only that.
此后: cǐhòu — After this; from this point onward.
数千年: shù qiān nián — Thousands of years; several millennia.
一个: yī gè — One; a single (general measure word).
预兆: yùzhào — Omen; a sign foreshadowing future events.
正如: zhèngrú — Just as; exactly like something else.
更早: gèng zǎo — Even earlier; at a prior time.
时代: shídài — Era; age; a distinct historical period.
占星术: zhānxīngshù — Astrology; divination based on celestial bodies.
一样: yīyàng — The same; alike; just like.
在: zài — At; in; located at a place or time.
事业: shìyè — Cause; enterprise; career or undertaking.
上: shàng — On; above; in the domain of.
人们: rénmen — People; folk; human beings in general.
所: suǒ — Particle marking object of a following verb.
耗费: hàofèi — To expend; to consume resources or energy.
劳力: láolì — Labor; physical effort and manpower expended.
黄金: huángjīn — Gold; precious yellow metal of high value.
机智: jīzhì — Wit; cleverness; quick and sharp intelligence.
与: yǔ — And; together with; used to connect nouns.
耐心: nàixīn — Patience; ability to wait calmly without complaint.
很可能: hěn kěnéng — Very likely; probably; with high probability.
超过: chāoguò — To exceed; to surpass a quantity or limit.
了: le — Particle indicating completed action or change.
迄今: qìjīn — Up to now; until the present moment.
任何: rènhé — Any; whichever; used in broad reference.
一门: yī mén — One branch; one field of study or discipline.
真正: zhēnzhèng — Genuine; truly real; authentic and legitimate.
科学: kēxué — Science; systematic study of the natural world.
我们: wǒmen — We; us; first person plural pronoun.
要: yào — Must; want to; need to do something.
将: jiāng — Will; to take; introduces object in formal usage.
宏伟: hóngwěi — Grand; magnificent; imposing in scale or appearance.
建筑: jiànzhù — Architecture; building; constructed structures.
风格: fēnggé — Style; manner; characteristic aesthetic approach.
归功于: guī gōng yú — To attribute credit to; to give merit to.
它: tā — It; third person singular pronoun for objects.
以及: yǐjí — As well as; and also; together with.
亚洲: Yàzhōu — Asia; the largest continent on Earth.
和: hé — And; with; connecting two words or phrases.
埃及: Āijí — Egypt; ancient and modern country in northeast Africa.
超凡入圣: chāo fán rù shèng — To transcend the ordinary and attain sainthood.
宏大: hóngdà — Vast; grand; great in scale or ambition.
抱负: bàofù — Ambition; aspiration; cherished goals for achievement.
似乎: sìhū — It seems; apparently; as if something is true.
一切: yīqiè — Everything; all things without exception.
伟大: wěidà — Great; magnificent; of outstanding importance or influence.
事物: shìwù — Things; matters; objects or affairs in general.
为了: wèile — In order to; for the purpose of something.
以: yǐ — By means of; with; using as a method.
永恒: yǒnghéng — Eternal; everlasting; existing beyond the passage of time.
诉求: sùqiú — Appeal; demand; a stated claim or aspiration.
铭刻: míngkè — To engrave; to inscribe deeply in memory.
于: yú — In; at; on; formal preposition of location.
人类: rénlèi — Humanity; mankind; the human species as a whole.
心灵: xīnlíng — Soul; mind; the inner spiritual or mental life.
之中: zhī zhōng — Within; among; inside a group or space.
必须: bìxū — Must; have to; it is necessary to do.
先: xiān — First; beforehand; prior to something else.
巨大: jùdà — Huge; enormous; of very great size or impact.
而: ér — And; yet; conjunction linking contrasting clauses.
令人敬畏: lìng rén jìngwèi — Awe-inspiring; causing deep respect and fear.
讽刺: fěngcì — Satire; irony; mocking something through exaggeration.
漫画: mànhuà — Caricature; cartoon; exaggerated illustrative drawing.
形式: xíngshì — Form; format; the shape or structure of something.
游荡: yóudàng — To wander; to roam aimlessly about.
大地: dàdì — The earth; the land; the terrestrial world.
之上: zhī shàng — Above; on top of; over something.
独断: dúduàn — Dogmatic; arbitrary; deciding unilaterally without consultation.
便是: biàn shì — Is exactly; that is precisely; serves as.
这样: zhèyàng — Like this; in this way; such as this.
一种: yī zhǒng — A type of; a kind of; one sort.
例如: lìrú — For example; such as; for instance.
吠檀多: Fèitánduō — Vedanta; ancient Indian philosophical school of thought.
学说: xuéshuō — Doctrine; theory; an established system of thought.
欧洲: Ōuzhōu — Europe; the continent west of Asia.
柏拉图: Bólātú — Plato; ancient Greek philosopher and thinker.
主义: zhǔyì — Doctrine; -ism; a system of belief or ideology.
让: ràng — Let; allow; to cause someone to do something.
不要: búyào — Don't; do not; imperative of negation.
对: duì — Toward; to; regarding someone or something.
忘恩负义: wàng ēn fù yì — Ungrateful; forgetting kindness and acting treacherously.
尽管: jǐnguǎn — Although; even though; despite the fact that.
承认: chéngrèn — To admit; to acknowledge; to recognize something.
迄今为止: qìjīn wéizhǐ — Up to now; so far; until this point.
最: zuì — Most; the superlative degree of an adjective.
糟糕: zāogāo — Terrible; awful; very bad or unfortunate.
令人厌倦: lìng rén yànjuàn — Tedious; causing weariness or boredom in people.
危险: wēixiǎn — Dangerous; perilous; involving risk or harm.
错误: cuòwù — Error; mistake; something incorrect or wrong.
乃是: nǎi shì — Is precisely; is none other than; formal copula.
独断论: dúduàn lùn — Dogmatism; a philosophical stance of unjustified certainty.
即: jí — Namely; that is; immediately; i.e.
纯粹: chúncuì — Pure; purely; absolute and without any mixture.
精神: jīngshén — Spirit; mind; mental or spiritual essence.
自在: zìzài — Free; at ease; unrestrained and comfortable.
之善: zhī shàn — The good of; goodness inherent in something.
虚构: xūgòu — Fiction; fabrication; something invented or made up.
但: dàn — But; however; introducing a contrasting statement.
如今: rújīn — Nowadays; currently; at the present time.
这一: zhè yī — This one; this particular thing or point.
已被: yǐ bèi — Has already been; passive construction indicating completion.
克服: kèfú — To overcome; to surmount a difficulty or obstacle.
摆脱: bǎituō — To free oneself from; to shake off restraint.
这场: zhè chǎng — This episode of; this instance of an event.
噩梦: èmèng — Nightmare; a terrifying or distressing dream.
得以: déyǐ — To be able to; to have the chance to.
再度: zàidù — Once again; anew; a second time.
自由: zìyóu — Freedom; liberty; being free from constraint.
呼吸: hūxī — To breathe; inhalation and exhalation of air.
至少: zhìshǎo — At least; no less than a minimum amount.
能: néng — Can; able to; having the ability or capacity.
享受: xiǎngshòu — To enjoy; to take pleasure in something.
更为: gèng wéi — Even more; to a greater degree than before.
健康: jiànkāng — Healthy; in good physical or mental condition.
睡眠: shuìmián — Sleep; the natural state of rest and unconsciousness.
警醒: jǐngxǐng — To be alert and wakeful; vigilant awareness.
本身: běnshēn — Itself; oneself; the thing in question per se.
为: wéi — As; to be; acting in the role of.
职责: zhízé — Duty; responsibility; one's professional obligation.
者: zhě — One who; person that does a specified action.
则是: zé shì — Then is; in that case it is; that means.
抗争: kàngzhēng — To struggle against; to resist and fight back.
培育出: péiyù chū — To cultivate and produce; to nurture into existence.
全部: quánbù — All; entire; the whole amount or number.
力量: lìliàng — Strength; power; force or capability available.
继承人: jìchéngrén — Heir; successor; one who inherits another's position.
像: xiàng — Like; resembling; similar to something else.
那样: nàyàng — Like that; in that way; in such a manner.
谈论: tánlùn — To discuss; to talk about a topic.
善: shàn — Goodness; virtue; moral good or benevolence.
实乃: shí nǎi — Is actually; in reality is; truly amounts to.
真理: zhēnlǐ — Truth; an absolute and universal correct principle.
彻底: chèdǐ — Thoroughly; completely; in a radical thorough manner.
颠倒: diāndǎo — To invert; to turn upside down; to reverse.
生命: shēngmìng — Life; living existence; vitality and being alive.
之: zhī — Formal possessive particle meaning 'of' or 's.
根本: gēnběn — Fundamental; basic; the root or foundation of.
条件: tiáojiàn — Condition; prerequisite; requirement for something.
视角: shìjiǎo — Perspective; point of view; angle of seeing.
否定: fǒudìng — To negate; to deny; to refute or reject.
甚至: shènzhì — Even; so much as; going further to say.
可以: kěyǐ — Can; may; it is permissible to do.
一位: yī wèi — One (person); polite measure word for individuals.
医生: yīshēng — Doctor; physician; a medical professional.
追问: zhuīwèn — To question persistently; to probe with follow-up questions.
病症: bìngzhèng — Illness; ailment; symptoms of a disease condition.
究竟: jiūjìng — After all; exactly; used to press for an answer.
是: shì — To be; is; the main Chinese copula verb.
如何: rúhé — How; in what way; by what means.
侵袭: qīnxí — To invade; to strike; to afflict suddenly.
古代: gǔdài — Ancient times; antiquity; the distant historical past.
杰出: jiéchū — Outstanding; distinguished; exceptionally excellent or remarkable.
产物: chǎnwù — Product; outcome; something produced by a process.

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