Beyond Good and Evil — Page 4

English → Chinese CHAPTER I. PREJUDICES OF PHILOSOPHERS Level 9/10

Having kept a sharp eye on philosophers, and having read between their lines long enough, I now say to myself that the greater part of conscious thinking must be counted among the instinctive functions, and it is so even in the case of philosophical thinking; one has here to learn anew, as one learned anew about heredity and "innateness."

在对哲学家们保持敏锐观察、并长期深入研读其字里行间之后，我如今对自己说：意识思维的大部分必须归入本能功能之列，即便是哲学思维也不例外；在这里，人们必须重新学习，正如人们曾重新认识遗传与"先天性"一样。

As little as the act of birth comes into consideration in the whole process and procedure of heredity, just as little is "being-conscious" OPPOSED to the instinctive in any decisive sense; the greater part of the conscious thinking of a philosopher is secretly influenced by his instincts, and forced into definite channels.

正如分娩行为在遗传的整个过程与程序中几乎不被考虑，"有意识"在任何决定性意义上同样并不与本能相对立；哲学家意识思维的大部分在暗中受其本能的影响，并被迫引入特定的渠道。

And behind all logic and its seeming sovereignty of movement, there are valuations, or to speak more plainly, physiological demands, for the maintenance of a definite mode of life For example, that the certain is worth more than the uncertain, that illusion is less valuable than "truth" such valuations, in spite of their regulative importance for US, might notwithstanding be only superficial valuations, special kinds of _niaiserie_, such as may be necessary for the maintenance of beings such as ourselves.

在一切逻辑及其表面上的运动主权背后，存在着种种价值判断，或者更直白地说，是维持某种特定生活方式的生理需求——例如，确定性比不确定性更有价值，幻觉不如"真理"宝贵——这样的价值判断，尽管对我们具有规范性的重要意义，却仍可能只是表面的价值判断，是某种特殊的愚蠢，这种愚蠢对于维持我们这样的存在或许是必要的。

Supposing, in effect, that man is not just the "measure of things."

实际上，假设人并非仅仅是"万物的尺度"。

4. The falseness of an opinion is not for us any objection to it: it is here, perhaps, that our new language sounds most strangely.

4. 一种意见的虚假性对我们而言并不构成反对它的理由：也许正是在这里，我们的新语言听起来最为奇异。

Vocabulary

在: zài — At, in, on; indicating location or existence
对: duì — Toward, regarding; correct, right
哲学家: zhéxuéjiā — Philosopher; a person who studies philosophy
们: men — Plural suffix for pronouns and people nouns
保持: bǎochí — To maintain, keep, preserve a state or condition
敏锐: mǐnruì — Sharp, keen, acute in perception or insight
观察: guānchá — To observe, watch carefully; observation
并: bìng — And, furthermore; simultaneously, in addition
长期: chángqī — Long-term, over an extended period of time
深入: shēnrù — To go deeply into; thorough, in-depth
研读: yándú — To study and read carefully and thoroughly
其: qí — Its, their, his/her; a literary third-person pronoun
字里行间: zìlǐ hángjiān — Between the lines; implicit meaning in writing
之后: zhīhòu — After, afterward, following a certain point
我: wǒ — I, me; first-person singular pronoun
如今: rújīn — Nowadays, now, at the present time
自己: zìjǐ — Oneself, self; reflexive pronoun
说: shuō — To say, speak, tell; to explain
意识: yìshí — Consciousness, awareness; to be aware of
思维: sīwéi — Thinking, thought process, cognition
的: de — Structural particle indicating possession or modification
大部分: dà bùfen — Most of, the majority, the greater part
必须: bìxū — Must, have to; obligatory, necessary
归入: guīrù — To classify into, categorize under a group
本能: běnnéng — Instinct; innate natural impulse or drive
功能: gōngnéng — Function, capability, role something performs
之列: zhīliè — Among the ranks of, in the category of
即便: jíbiàn — Even if, even though; concessive conjunction
是: shì — To be; is, am, are; affirmative verb
哲学: zhéxué — Philosophy; the academic study of fundamental questions
也: yě — Also, too, either; likewise
不例外: bù lìwài — Not an exception; no exception to the rule
这里: zhèlǐ — Here, this place
人们: rénmen — People, folks; people in general
重新: chóngxīn — Again, anew, afresh; to redo or restart
学习: xuéxí — To study, learn; learning and practice
正如: zhèngrú — Just as, just like; in the same way as
曾: céng — Once, formerly; indicating past experience
认识: rènshi — To know, recognize; understanding, cognition
遗传: yíchuán — Heredity, genetic inheritance; to pass genetically
与: yǔ — And, with; together with (formal/written)
先天性: xiāntiānxìng — Innate, congenital; present from birth
一样: yīyàng — Same, alike; in the same way as
分娩: fēnmiǎn — Childbirth, labor; the process of giving birth
行为: xíngwéi — Behavior, conduct, action
整个: zhěnggè — Entire, whole, complete; the whole of something
过程: guòchéng — Process, course, procedure of events
程序: chéngxù — Procedure, program, sequence of steps
中: zhōng — In, within, among; middle
几乎: jīhū — Almost, nearly, practically
不被: bù bèi — Not being; passive negation construction
考虑: kǎolǜ — To consider, think over, take into account
有意识: yǒu yìshí — Conscious, deliberate, intentional; with awareness
任何: rènhé — Any, whichever; used in negative or conditional sentences
决定性: juédìngxìng — Decisive, determining; of critical determining importance
意义: yìyì — Meaning, significance, importance
上: shàng — On, above; in terms of (suffix usage)
同样: tóngyàng — Similarly, likewise, in the same way
并不: bìng bù — Actually not, not at all; emphatic negation
相: xiāng — Mutually, each other; reciprocally
对立: duìlì — To oppose, be opposed; opposition, contradiction
暗中: ànzhōng — Secretly, in the dark, covertly
受: shòu — To receive, undergo, be subjected to
影响: yǐngxiǎng — Influence, effect; to influence or affect
被迫: bèipò — To be forced, compelled against one's will
引入: yǐnrù — To introduce, lead into, bring in
特定: tèdìng — Specific, particular, designated
渠道: qúdào — Channel, conduit; means or avenue of access
一切: yīqiè — Everything, all, every single thing
逻辑: luójí — Logic; the system of reasoning
及: jí — And, as well as; reaching, up to (formal)
表面上: biǎomiàn shàng — On the surface, apparently, seemingly
运动: yùndòng — Movement, motion; exercise, campaign
主权: zhǔquán — Sovereignty, supreme authority, autonomy
背后: bèihòu — Behind, at the back; hidden behind something
存在: cúnzài — To exist; existence, being
着: zhe — Particle indicating ongoing state or action
种种: zhǒngzhǒng — Various kinds, all sorts of
价值: jiàzhí — Value, worth; importance or usefulness
判断: pànduàn — Judgment, assessment; to judge or evaluate
或者: huòzhě — Or, either...or; alternatively
更: gèng — Even more, further; comparative degree adverb
直白: zhíbái — Straightforward, blunt, plain and direct
地: de — Adverbial particle linking adverb to verb
维持: wéichí — To maintain, sustain, keep up a state
某种: mǒu zhǒng — A certain kind, some type of
生活: shēnghuó — Life, livelihood; to live, daily existence
方式: fāngshì — Way, method, manner, mode
生理: shēnglǐ — Physiology; physical or biological functions
需求: xūqiú — Need, demand, requirement
例如: lìrú — For example, for instance
确定性: quèdìngxìng — Certainty, definiteness; quality of being certain
比: bǐ — Compared to, than; comparison particle
不确定性: bù quèdìngxìng — Uncertainty, indefiniteness; state of being uncertain
有: yǒu — To have, possess; there is/are
幻觉: huànjué — Illusion, hallucination; false sensory perception
不如: bùrú — Not as good as, inferior to; better to
真理: zhēnlǐ — Truth, absolute truth; fundamental principle
宝贵: bǎoguì — Precious, valuable, treasured
这样: zhèyàng — Like this, in this way, such
尽管: jǐnguǎn — Even though, despite, although
我们: wǒmen — We, us; first-person plural pronoun
具有: jùyǒu — To possess, have, be endowed with
规范性: guīfànxìng — Normativity; quality of being normative or standard
重要: zhòngyào — Important, significant, crucial
却: què — But, yet, however; indicating contrast
仍: réng — Still, yet; continuing as before
可能: kěnéng — Possible, maybe, perhaps; possibility
只是: zhǐshì — Only, merely, just; nothing more than
表面: biǎomiàn — Surface, exterior; superficial appearance
特殊: tèshū — Special, particular, exceptional, unusual
愚蠢: yúchǔn — Stupid, foolish, idiotic
这种: zhè zhǒng — This kind of, this type of
对于: duìyú — Regarding, concerning, with respect to
或许: huòxǔ — Perhaps, maybe, possibly
必要: bìyào — Necessary, essential, needed
实际上: shíjì shàng — In fact, actually, in reality
假设: jiǎshè — To assume, hypothesize; hypothesis, assumption
人: rén — Person, human being, people
并非: bìngfēi — Actually not, is not; emphatic negation
仅仅: jǐnjǐn — Only, merely, just; nothing but
万物: wànwù — All things, everything, the myriad things
尺度: chǐdù — Scale, measure, standard, criterion
一种: yī zhǒng — A kind of, a type of, one sort of
意见: yìjiàn — Opinion, view, suggestion
虚假性: xūjiǎxìng — Falseness, falsehood; quality of being false
而言: éryán — As for, speaking of; in terms of
构成: gòuchéng — To constitute, form, compose, make up
反对: fǎnduì — To oppose, object to; opposition
它: tā — It; third-person singular pronoun for objects
理由: lǐyóu — Reason, ground, justification, basis
也许: yěxǔ — Perhaps, maybe, possibly
正是: zhèngshì — Exactly, precisely, it is just
新: xīn — New, fresh, novel
语言: yǔyán — Language, tongue; system of communication
听起来: tīng qǐlái — To sound like, sounds (a certain way)
最为: zuìwéi — Most, extremely; the most of all
奇异: qíyì — Strange, bizarre, odd, peculiar

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