Beyond Good and Evil — Page 5
问题在于,一种观点在多大程度上能促进生命、保存生命、保存物种,乃至培育物种;从根本上说,我们倾向于认为,最虚假的观点(先天综合判断即属此类)对我们而言是最不可或缺的——若没有对逻辑虚构的认可,若没有将现实与纯粹想象中的绝对不变世界加以比较,若没有以数字对世界进行持续的伪造,人类便无法生存——放弃虚假观点,便是放弃生命,否定生命。承认谬误乃生命之条件;这无疑是以一种危险的方式动摇了传统的价值观念,而一种敢于如此的哲学,仅凭这一点,便已将自身置于善恶之彼岸。
The question is, how far an opinion is life-furthering, life-preserving, species-preserving, perhaps species-rearing, and we are fundamentally inclined to maintain that the falsest opinions (to which the synthetic judgments a priori belong), are the most indispensable to us, that without a recognition of logical fictions, without a comparison of reality with the purely IMAGINED world of the absolute and immutable, without a constant counterfeiting of the world by means of numbers, man could not live--that the renunciation of false opinions would be a renunciation of life, a negation of life. TO RECOGNISE UNTRUTH AS A CONDITION OF LIFE; that is certainly to impugn the traditional ideas of value in a dangerous manner, and a philosophy which ventures to do so, has thereby alone placed itself beyond good and evil.
使哲学家们受到半信半疑、半嘲半讽对待的,并非人们一再发现他们是多么天真无知——他们何等频繁、何等轻易地犯错误、迷失方向,简言之,他们是多么幼稚、多么孩子气——而是人们对他们缺乏足够的诚实态度;然而,一旦诚实问题哪怕以最隐晦的方式被略加提及,他们便会齐声发出响亮而正义凛然的抗议之声。
That which causes philosophers to be regarded half-distrustfully and half-mockingly, is not the oft-repeated discovery how innocent they are--how often and easily they make mistakes and lose their way, in short, how childish and childlike they are,--but that there is not enough honest dealing with them, whereas they all raise a loud and virtuous outcry when the problem of truthfulness is even hinted at in the remotest manner.
Vocabulary
- question
- 问题;疑问;需要讨论的事项
- far
- 多远;程度上到何种地步
- opinion
- 意见;看法;个人对某事的判断
- perhaps
- 也许;可能;表示不确定的推测
- fundamentally
- 从根本上;从本质上;基本地
- inclined
- 倾向于;有意愿做某事
- maintain
- 主张;坚持认为;维持某种立场
- falsest
- 最虚假的;false的最高级形式
- opinions
- 意见;看法;观点(复数形式)
- synthetic
- 综合的;合成的;非分析性的
- judgments
- 判断;判断力;判断结论(复数)
- belong
- 属于;归属于某类别或群体
- indispensable
- 不可或缺的;必不可少的
- without
- 没有;不具备;缺乏某事物
- recognition
- 承认;认可;识别某事物
- logical
- 逻辑上的;合乎逻辑的
- fictions
- 虚构;虚假的事物;编造的概念
- comparison
- 比较;对比;衡量两者异同
- reality
- 现实;实际情况;真实存在
- purely
- 纯粹地;完全地;仅仅
- IMAGINED
- 想象出的;虚构的;非真实存在的
- world
- 世界;宇宙;某一领域或范围
- absolute
- 绝对的;完全的;不受限制的
- immutable
- 不可改变的;永恒不变的
- constant
- 不变的;持续的;恒定的
- counterfeiting
- 伪造;仿冒;制造假冒事物
- means
- 手段;方法;途径
- numbers
- 数字;数;数学概念(复数)
- man
- 人类;男人;人(泛指)
- live
- 生活;存活;维持生命
- renunciation
- 放弃;摒弃;正式宣布舍弃某事
- false
- 虚假的;错误的;不真实的
- life
- 生命;生活;生存
- negation
- 否定;否认;拒绝某事物的存在
- RECOGNISE
- 承认;认识到;辨认出某事实
- UNTRUTH
- 谎言;非真相;不真实的事物
- CONDITION
- 条件;前提;必要因素
- LIFE
- 生命;生活;生存
- certainly
- 当然;确实;毫无疑问地
- impugn
- 质疑;抨击;对某事提出异议
- traditional
- 传统的;惯例的;沿袭已久的
- ideas
- 想法;观念;思想(复数)
- value
- 价值;重要性;对某事物的评价
- dangerous
- 危险的;有风险的;可能造成伤害
- manner
- 方式;态度;行事的风格
- philosophy
- 哲学;哲学思想;对世界的系统思考
- ventures
- 冒险尝试;大胆去做某事
- thereby
- 由此;因此;以那种方式
- alone
- 仅仅;单独地;只靠自身
- placed
- 置于;安放;使处于某位置
- beyond
- 超越;在……之外;超出某范围
- good
- 好的;善良的;道德上的良善
- evil
- 邪恶;恶;道德上的邪恶
- causes
- 导致;引起;使某事发生
- philosophers
- 哲学家;研究哲学的学者(复数)
- regarded
- 被看作;被视为;被对待为
- discovery
- 发现;发现的事物;新认识
- innocent
- 无辜的;天真的;清白的
- often
- 经常;频繁地;多次
- easily
- 容易地;轻易地;毫不费力地
- mistakes
- 错误;失误;判断或行为上的过失
- lose
- 迷失;失去;丧失某物或方向
- way
- 道路;方向;方式;途径
- short
- 简短的;矮的;不足的
- childish
- 幼稚的;不成熟的;孩子气的(贬义)
- childlike
- 像孩子般的;天真无邪的(褒义)
- enough
- 足够的;充分的;满足需要的
- honest
- 诚实的;坦率的;正直的
- dealing
- 交往;行为方式;处理事务
- whereas
- 然而;鉴于;表对比的连词
- raise
- 发出;提高;引起(声音或话题)
- loud
- 大声的;响亮的;嘈杂的
- virtuous
- 有道德的;品行端正的;善良的
- outcry
- 强烈抗议;呼声;公愤
- problem
- 问题;难题;困难的事情
- truthfulness
- 诚实;真实性;如实的品质
- even
- 甚至;即使;连……也
- hinted
- 暗示;提示;隐约提及
- remotest
- 最遥远的;remote的最高级
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