Beyond Good and Evil — Page 4
通过长期敏锐地观察哲学家,并细读其字里行间,我现在对自己说:意识思维的大部分必须归入本能功能之列,哲学思维也不例外;在这里,人必须重新学习,正如人们曾重新认识遗传和'先天性'一样。
Having kept a sharp eye on philosophers, and having read between their lines long enough, I now say to myself that the greater part of conscious thinking must be counted among the instinctive functions, and it is so even in the case of philosophical thinking; one has here to learn anew, as one learned anew about heredity and "innateness."
正如出生这一行为在遗传的整个过程和程序中无足轻重,'意识'在任何决定性意义上也同样不与本能相对立;哲学家的大部分意识思维暗中受其本能的影响,并被迫导入特定的渠道。
As little as the act of birth comes into consideration in the whole process and procedure of heredity, just as little is "being-conscious" OPPOSED to the instinctive in any decisive sense; the greater part of the conscious thinking of a philosopher is secretly influenced by his instincts, and forced into definite channels.
在一切逻辑及其看似自主的运动背后,存在着价值判断,或者更直白地说,存在着维持某种特定生活方式的生理需求——例如,确定的事物比不确定的更有价值,幻觉不如'真理'有价值——这些价值判断,尽管对我们具有规范性的重要意义,却也可能不过是表面的判断,是某种特殊的愚蠢,而这种愚蠢或许是维持我们这类存在所必需的。
And behind all logic and its seeming sovereignty of movement, there are valuations, or to speak more plainly, physiological demands, for the maintenance of a definite mode of life For example, that the certain is worth more than the uncertain, that illusion is less valuable than "truth" such valuations, in spite of their regulative importance for US, might notwithstanding be only superficial valuations, special kinds of niaiserie, such as may be necessary for the maintenance of beings such as ourselves.
假设实际上人并非万物的'尺度'。
Supposing, in effect, that man is not just the "measure of things."
一种观点的虚假性对我们来说并不构成反对它的理由:也许正是在这里,我们的新语言听起来最为奇异。
The falseness of an opinion is not for us any objection to it: it is here, perhaps, that our new language sounds most strangely.
Vocabulary
- kept
- keep的过去式,保持、保留某状态
- sharp
- 敏锐的,锋利的,形容感知力强
- philosophers
- 哲学家们,研究哲学的人
- lines
- 文字行;"read between the lines"指读出言外之意
- conscious
- 有意识的,能感知并意识到的
- counted
- 被计入,被归类于某范畴
- among
- 介词,在……之中,属于某群体
- instinctive
- 本能的,出于本能而非理性的
- functions
- 功能,作用,运作方式
- case
- 情况,案例,事例
- philosophical
- 哲学的,与哲学相关的
- anew
- 重新,再次以新的方式
- heredity
- 遗传,生物特征由父母传给后代的现象
- innateness
- 先天性,与生俱来的性质
- consideration
- 考虑,被纳入思考范围内
- process
- 过程,一系列步骤或发展
- procedure
- 程序,处理事务的固定步骤
- being-conscious
- 有意识地存在,对自我意识的觉察
- OPPOSED
- 对立的,与……相反
- decisive
- 决定性的,起关键作用的
- philosopher
- 哲学家,从事哲学研究的人
- secretly
- 秘密地,在不被察觉的情况下
- influenced
- 被影响,受到某力量的作用
- instincts
- 本能,天生的行为驱动力
- forced
- 被迫,强迫进入某状态
- definite
- 明确的,确定的,清晰的
- channels
- 渠道,途径,方向
- logic
- 逻辑,推理的规则和方法
- seeming
- 表面上的,看似如此但未必真实
- sovereignty
- 主权,最高权威和控制力
- valuations
- 评价,价值判断,对事物的估量
- plainly
- 清楚地,直白地,简单明了地
- physiological
- 生理的,与身体功能相关的
- demands
- 要求,需求,必要条件
- maintenance
- 维持,维护,保持某状态
- mode
- 方式,模式,某种存在形式
- certain
- 确定的,某些,无疑的
- worth
- 价值,值得,有……的价值
- uncertain
- 不确定的,不肯定的
- illusion
- 幻觉,错觉,虚假的信念
- valuable
- 有价值的,珍贵的,重要的
- truth
- 真理,真相,事实
- spite
- 尽管,不顾;"in spite of"表示虽然
- regulative
- 调节性的,起规范或管理作用的
- importance
- 重要性,重大意义
- might
- 情态动词,也许,可能
- notwithstanding
- 尽管,虽然,不管如何
- superficial
- 肤浅的,表面的,不深入的
- niaiserie
- (法语)愚蠢,蠢笨的行为或想法
- necessary
- 必要的,不可缺少的
- beings
- 存在物,生命体,生物
- Supposing
- 假设,假如,用于引出假设条件
- effect
- 效果,影响,作用结果
- measure
- 衡量,测量,作为标准
- falseness
- 虚假性,错误性,不真实的性质
- opinion
- 意见,观点,看法
- objection
- 反对,异议,不赞同的理由
- perhaps
- 也许,可能,表示不确定
- strangely
- 奇怪地,以奇特的方式
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