Coniston — Volume 01 — Page 8

Vocabulary

chiese

KYEH-zeh — Churches; plural of chiesa (place of worship).

con

kon — With; a common Italian preposition.

forza

FOR-tsa — Force, strength, or power.

Non

non — Not; basic Italian negation word.

c'

ch — Contraction of ci; used in 'c'era' (there was).

era

EH-rah — Was; third-person singular imperfect of essere.

da

dah — From, by, since; versatile Italian preposition.

stupirsi

stu-PEER-see — To be amazed or astonished; reflexive verb.

che

keh — That, which, who; common conjunction or pronoun.

avesse

ah-VES-seh — Had; third-person singular past subjunctive of avere.

trattenuto

trat-teh-NOO-toh — Held back, restrained; past participle of trattenere.

il

eel — The; masculine singular definite article.

respiro

reh-SPEE-roh — Breath; air inhaled and exhaled by lungs.

Presidente

preh-zee-DEN-teh — President or chairman; title of leadership.

del

del — Of the; contraction of di + il.

Consiglio

kon-SEE-lyoh — Council or board; governing or advisory body.

al

al — At the, to the; contraction of a + il.

posto

PO-stoh — Place, seat, or position; location assigned to someone.

d'

d — Of; elided form of di before a vowel.

onore

oh-NOH-reh — Honor, respect; esteem given to a person.

Diacono

dee-AH-koh-noh — Deacon; a church official of lower clergy rank.

privilegio

pree-vee-LEH-joh — Privilege, special right or advantage granted.

della

DEL-lah — Of the; contraction of di + la (feminine).

chiesa

KYEH-zah — Church; building for Christian worship and community.

di

dee — Of, from; very common Italian preposition.

L'

l — The; elided definite article before a vowel.

idea

ee-DEH-ah — Idea, thought, or concept in one's mind.

un'

un — A, an; feminine indefinite article before vowel.

eresia

eh-reh-ZEE-ah — Heresy; belief contrary to established religious doctrine.

In

een — In, inside; common Italian preposition of location.

verità

veh-ree-TAH — Truth; the quality of being true or accurate.

stesso

STES-soh — Same, himself; used for emphasis or identity.

l'

l — Him/her/it; elided direct object pronoun.

aveva

ah-VEH-vah — Had; third-person singular imperfect of avere.

detta

DET-tah — Said; feminine past participle of dire.

come

KOH-meh — As, like, how; conjunction or adverb of comparison.

esagerazione

eh-zah-jeh-rah-TSYOH-neh — Exaggeration; overstating something beyond the truth.

scherzosa

sker-TSOH-zah — Joking, playful; done or said in jest.

Alcuni

al-KOO-nee — Some, a few; indefinite adjective or pronoun.

contadini

kon-tah-DEE-nee — Farmers, peasants; rural agricultural workers.

anticonformisti

an-tee-kon-for-MEE-stee — Nonconformists; people who reject mainstream conventions.

dei

DEH-ee — Of the; contraction of di + i (masculine plural).

quali

KWAH-lee — Which, who; relative pronoun in Italian.

non

non — Not; basic Italian negation adverb.

pochi

POH-kee — Few, not many; small number of something.

ve

veh — There, to you; pronoun particle in Italian.

n'

n — Of them, of it; elided partitive pronoun.

erano

EH-rah-noh — Were; third-person plural imperfect of essere.

in

een — In; preposition indicating location or state.

paese

pah-EH-zeh — Village, town, country; a community or homeland.

entrati

en-TRAH-tee — Entered; masculine plural past participle of entrare.

nel

nel — In the; contraction of in + il.

negozio

neh-GOH-tsyoh — Shop, store; a place where goods are sold.

quella

KWEL-lah — That; feminine singular demonstrative adjective.

mattina

mat-TEE-nah — Morning; the early part of the day.

e

eh — And; basic Italian coordinating conjunction.

viveva

vee-VEH-vah — Lived; third-person singular imperfect of vivere.

sul

sul — On the; contraction of su + il.

versante

ver-SAN-teh — Slope, hillside; inclined side of a mountain.

nord

nord — North; one of the four cardinal directions.

tolto

TOL-toh — Taken away, removed; past participle of togliere.

agli

AH-lyee — To the; contraction of a + gli (masculine plural).

ortodossi

or-toh-DOS-see — Orthodox; those adhering to traditional religious beliefs.

suggerendo

sud-jeh-REN-doh — Suggesting; gerund form of suggerire.

venisse

veh-NIS-seh — Would come; third-person imperfect subjunctive of venire.

nominato

noh-mee-NAH-toh — Nominated, appointed; past participle of nominare.

per

per — For, through, in order to; common preposition.

una

OO-nah — A, an; feminine indefinite article.

carica

KAH-ree-kah — Office, public post; an official position or role.

comunale

koh-moo-NAH-leh — Municipal, communal; relating to local government.

si

see — Himself, herself, itself; reflexive pronoun.

fermato

fer-MAH-toh — Stopped; past participle of fermarsi.

o

oh — Or; basic Italian disjunctive conjunction.

due

DOO-eh — Two; the cardinal number 2.

volte

VOL-teh — Times; occasions or instances of something happening.

durante

doo-RAN-teh — During; preposition indicating time span.

suo

SOO-oh — His, her, its; third-person possessive adjective.

lavoro

lah-VOH-roh — Work, job; professional or manual activity.

campanile

kam-pah-NEE-leh — Bell tower; tall tower housing church bells.

guardare

gwar-DAH-reh — To look at, watch; to direct one's gaze.

là

lah — There; adverb indicating a distant location.

delle

DEL-leh — Of the; contraction of di + le (feminine plural).

cime

CHEE-meh — Tops, peaks, summits; highest points of trees or mountains.

degli

DEH-lyee — Of the; contraction of di + gli (masculine plural).

alberi

AL-beh-ree — Trees; plural of albero, woody perennial plants.

verso

VER-soh — Toward; preposition indicating direction.

ergeva

er-JEH-vah — Rose, towered; third-person imperfect of ergersi.

contro

KON-troh — Against; preposition indicating opposition or contrast.

cielo

CHEH-loh — Sky, heaven; the space above the earth.

Aveva

ah-VEH-vah — He/she had; imperfect tense of avere.

messo

MES-soh — Put, placed; past participle of mettere.

insieme

een-SYEH-meh — Together; adverb meaning collectively or jointly.

più

pyoo — More; adverb of degree or comparison.

ora

OH-rah — Now, hour; the present moment or unit of time.

ne

neh — Of it, of them; partitive pronoun in Italian.

stava

STAH-vah — Was staying, was doing; imperfect of stare.

semplicemente

sem-plee-cheh-MEN-teh — Simply, just; in a simple or straightforward way.

ricavando

ree-kah-VAN-doh — Obtaining, drawing out; gerund of ricavare.

cinque

CHIN-kweh — Five; the cardinal number 5.

invece

een-VEH-cheh — Instead, rather; contrasting adverb in Italian.

quattro

KWAT-troh — Four; the cardinal number 4.

Ricordava

ree-kor-DAH-vah — He/she remembered; imperfect tense of ricordare.

alcuni

al-KOO-nee — Some, a few; indefinite adjective or pronoun.

anni

AN-nee — Years; plural of anno, unit of time.

girava

jee-RAH-vah — Went around, wandered; imperfect of girare.

la

lah — The; feminine singular definite article.

città

chit-TAH — City, town; an urban settlement or municipality.

comprando

kom-PRAHN-doh — Buying; gerund of comprare.

le

leh — The; feminine plural definite article.

sue

SOO-eh — His, her, its; feminine plural possessive adjective.

pelli

PEL-lee — Skins, hides, furs; plural of pelle.

lana

LAH-nah — Wool; fiber from sheep used in textiles.

riscuotendo

ree-skwoh-TEN-doh — Collecting, cashing in; gerund of riscuotere.

gli

lyee — The, to him; definite article or indirect pronoun.

interessi

een-teh-RES-see — Interests, interest payments; financial returns on loans.

sui

SOO-ee — On the; contraction of su + i (masculine plural).

suoi

SWOH-ee — His, her, its; masculine plural possessive adjective.

mutui

MOO-twee — Mortgages, loans; long-term financial lending agreements.

avrebbe

ah-VREB-beh — Would have; conditional of avere.

voluto

voh-LOO-toh — Wanted; past participle of volere.

rimproverare

reem-proh-veh-RAH-reh — To scold, rebuke; to criticize someone's actions.

dirgli

DEER-lyee — To tell him; infinitive di + indirect pronoun gli.

certi

CHER-tee — Certain, some; masculine plural of certo.

argomenti

ar-goh-MEN-tee — Arguments, topics, subjects; matters for discussion.

doveva

doh-VEH-vah — Had to, must; imperfect of dovere.

scherzare

sker-TSAH-reh — To joke, to jest; to speak or act humorously.

Amministratori

am-mee-nee-strah-TOH-ree — Administrators, trustees; people managing an organization.

Beh

beh — Well; Italian interjection expressing hesitation or concession.

ecco

EK-koh — Here is, there is; Italian presentative exclamation.

arriva

ar-REE-vah — Arrives, comes; third-person singular of arrivare.

giovane

JOH-vah-neh — Young person, youth; someone of a young age.

davvero

dav-VEH-roh — Really, truly; adverb expressing sincerity or emphasis.

disse

DIS-seh — Said; third-person singular passato remoto of dire.

raccogliendo

rak-koh-LYEN-doh — Gathering, collecting; gerund of raccogliere.

i

ee — The; masculine plural definite article.

pioli

PYOH-lee — Rungs; the steps of a ladder.

grembiule

grem-BYOO-leh — Apron; protective garment worn over clothing while working.

preparandosi

preh-pah-RAN-doh-see — Preparing oneself; reflexive gerund of prepararsi.

a

ah — To, at; very common Italian preposition.

risalire

ree-sah-LEE-reh — To climb back up; to ascend again.

ancora

an-KOH-rah — Still, again, yet; adverb of continuity or repetition.

volta

VOL-tah — Time, turn; a single occurrence of something.

Pensavo

pen-SAH-voh — I thought, I was thinking; imperfect of pensare.

sarebbe

sah-REB-beh — Would be; conditional of essere.

saltato

sal-TAH-toh — Jumped, leaped; past participle of saltare.

fuori

FWOH-ree — Out, outside; adverb indicating exterior location.

abbastanza

ab-bas-TAN-tsah — Enough, quite, fairly; adverb of sufficiency.

presto

PRES-toh — Soon, quickly; adverb of time or speed.

parli

PAR-lee — You speak; second-person present of parlare.

modo

MOH-doh — Way, manner; how something is done.

sciocco

SHOK-koh — Foolish, silly; lacking good sense or judgment.

un

oon — A, an; masculine indefinite article.

uomo

WOH-moh — Man; an adult male human being.

capace

kah-PAH-cheh — Capable, able; having the skill or ability.

costruire

kos-troo-EE-reh — To build, construct; to erect a structure.

mentre

MEN-treh — While, whereas; conjunction indicating simultaneous action.

allontanava

al-lon-tah-NAH-vah — Was moving away; imperfect of allontanarsi.