Coniston — Volume 01 — Page 2

Vocabulary

내가

naega — I (subject marker attached); first person subject form

태어난

taeeonan — Born; past modifier form of 태어나다

그

geu — That; definite article-like determiner in Korean

지역을

jiyeogeul — Region or area (object marker attached)

묘사할

myosaghal — To describe; future modifier form of 묘사하다

때면

ttaemyeon — Whenever; conditional form meaning 'when (habitually)'

언덕들이

eondeokdeuri — Hills (plural subject form); rolling elevated landforms

하늘을

haneureul — Sky or heaven (object marker attached)

향해

hyanghae — Toward; directional expression meaning 'facing toward'

솟구쳐

sotguchyeo — Surge upward; gerund form of 솟구치다

오르는

oreuneun — Rising or ascending; present modifier of 오르다

듯하고

deuthago — Seems like; conjunctive expressing resemblance or supposition

아주

aju — Very; adverb intensifying degree or extent

오래된

oraedoen — Old or ancient; modifier meaning long-established

지방의

jibangui — Of the region; possessive form of 지방 (locality)

이름들이

ireumdeur i — Names (plural subject form); designations or labels

풍경을

punggyeongeul — Scenery or landscape (object marker attached)

눈앞에

nunape — Before one's eyes; literally in front of the eyes

불러내는

bullaenaeneun — Conjuring up; present modifier of 불러내다 (to call forth)

데

de — In; nominalizer indicating a situation or place

도움을

doumeul — Help or assistance (object marker attached)

준다

junda — Gives; plain present declarative form of 주다

산은

saneun — Mountain (topic marker attached); elevated landmass

어떤

eotteon — Some or certain; determiner indicating unspecified identity

이들에게는

ideullegeneun — To these people (topic form); certain individuals

불리며

bullimyeo — Being called; conjunctive passive form of 불리다

숲으로

supeuro — With forest; directional/instrumental form of 숲

뒤덮인

dwideopin — Covered over; past modifier of 뒤덮다 (to cover completely)

채

chae — While remaining in a state; adverbial particle of continuation

남북으로

nambugeuro — North-south direction; directional form of 남북

넉넉히

neokneohi — Amply or generously; adverb meaning sufficiently or plentifully

걸쳐

geolchyeo — Spanning or stretching across; gerund of 걸치다

뻗어

ppeodeo — Stretching out; gerund form of 뻗다 (to extend)

있고

itgo — Exists and; conjunctive form of 있다 (to exist/be)

산마루

sanmaru — Mountain ridge; the top or crest of a mountain

뒤의

dwiui — Behind or at the back of; possessive locative form

안장을

anjangeur — Saddle (object marker); col or saddle-shaped terrain feature

넘어

neomeo — Over or across; gerund of 넘다 (to cross over)

구불구불

gubulgubul — Winding or meandering; onomatopoeic adverb of twisting path

이어지는

ieojineun — Continuing or connecting; present modifier of 이어지다

고갯길을

gogaekgireul — Mountain pass road (object marker); winding pass path

품고

pumgo — Holding or embracing; conjunctive of 품다 (to hold)

있다

itda — To exist or be; basic existential verb in Korean

동쪽

dongccok — East; cardinal direction, eastern side

사면의

samyeonui — Of the slope; possessive form of 사면 (hillside)

곳곳에서

gotgoteseo — From various places; adverb meaning here and there

양토

yangto — Loam; a fertile soil mixture of sand, silt, clay

아래로부터

araerobuteo — From below; directional expression indicating upward origin

스며

seumyeo — Seeping or permeating; gerund of 스미다 (to seep)

나와

nawa — Coming out; gerund of 나오다 (to come out)

화강암을

hwagangameul — Granite (object marker); hard igneous rock formation

가르는

gareuneun — Splitting or cutting through; present modifier of 가르다

급류로

geumnyuro — Into a torrent; directional form of 급류 (rapid stream)

모여들고

moyeodeulgo — Gathering together; conjunctive of 모여들다 (to converge)

산의

sanui — Of the mountain; possessive form of 산

남쪽

namccok — South; southern cardinal direction

끝을

kkeureul — End or tip (object marker); the furthest point

돌아

dora — Turning around; gerund of 돌다 (to turn/go around)

남쪽으로

Southward; directional form indicating movement toward south

흐르다가

heureudag a — While flowing then; conjunctive indicating interrupted flow

방앗간들을

bangakgandeureul — Mills (plural, object marker); grain-grinding water mills

돌린

dollIn — Turned or operated; past modifier of 돌리다 (to turn)

뒤

dwi — After or behind; temporal or spatial rear position

자신만의

jasinnmanui — One's own; possessive emphasizing exclusivity or uniqueness

초록빛

chorокbit — Green light or greenish color; verdant hue

골짜기를

golcakireul — Valley (object marker); narrow valley between hills

따라

ttara — Following along; gerund of 따르다 (to follow)

서쪽

seoccok — West; western cardinal direction

목초지를

mokchojireul — Pastureland (object marker); grassy grazing land for animals

한가로이

hangaro i — Leisurely or idly; adverb meaning in a relaxed manner

흘러

heulleo — Flowing; gerund form of 흐르다 (to flow)

이르면

ireumyeon — Upon reaching; conditional of 이르다 (to arrive at)

다시

dasi — Again or once more; adverb of repetition

힘차게

himchage — Powerfully or vigorously; adverb of strong energy

강으로

gangeuro — Into the river; directional form of 강 (river)

흘러들어

heulleodreo — Flowing into; gerund of 흘러들다 (to flow into)

간다

ganda — Goes; plain present declarative form of 가다

서로

seoro — Each other or mutually; reciprocal adverb

경쟁

gyeongjaeng — Competition or rivalry; act of competing against others

관계이지만

gwangyeijiman — Although in a relationship; concessive of 관계이다

힘을

himeul — Strength or power (object marker); energy or force

양쪽에

On both sides; locative form of 양쪽 (both sides)

공평하게

gongpyeonhage — Fairly or equally; adverb of equitable distribution

나누어

nanuweo — Dividing or sharing; gerund of 나누다 (to divide)

사면에

samyeone — On the slope; locative form of 사면 (hillside/slope)

자리한

jarihan — Located or situated; past modifier of 자리하다

작은

jageun — Small or little; adjective modifier meaning small-sized

농장

nongjang — Farm; agricultural land for raising crops or animals

개간지에서

gaeganjieseo — From cleared land; locative of 개간지 (reclaimed farmland)

바라보면

barabomyeon — When looking out at; conditional of 바라보다

이

i — This; proximal demonstrative determiner in Korean

땅의

ttangui — Of the land; possessive form of 땅 (earth/land)

조세로

joseро — As tax; instrumental form of 조세 (taxation/levy)

왕의

wangui — Of the king; possessive form of 왕 (king)

해군에

haegunе — To the navy; locative form of 해군 (naval forces)

수많은

sumaneun — Countless or numerous; modifier meaning a great many

돛대를

dotdaereul — Mast (object marker); tall pole supporting ship's sails

제공했던

jegonghaetdeon — Had provided; past retrospective modifier of 제공하다

거대한

geodaehan — Enormous or gigantic; adjective modifier meaning very large

소나무들이

sonamudeuri — Pine trees (plural subject form); evergreen conifer trees

자랐고

jaratgo — Grew and; past conjunctive of 자라다 (to grow)

지금도

jigeumdo — Even now or still; adverb meaning at present too

자라고

jarago — Growing; conjunctive form of 자라다 (to grow)

있는

inneun — Existing or being; present modifier of 있다

어느

eoneu — A certain or some; determiner indicating an unspecified one

넓은

neobeun — Wide or broad; adjective modifier meaning spacious or large

강의

gangui — Of the river; possessive form of 강

광활한

gwanghwalhan — Vast or expansive; modifier meaning wide and open

계곡을

gyegyogeul — Valley (object marker); a low area between mountains

한눈에

hannune — At a glance; idiom meaning visible all at once

조망할

jomangghal — To overlook or survey; future modifier of 조망하다

수

su — Ability or possibility; bound noun after verb modifier

그리고

geurigo — And; coordinating conjunction connecting clauses or sentences

강

gang — River; a large natural flowing watercourse

너머로는

neomeoroneun — Beyond (topic form); indicating what lies on the other side

아름다운

areumdaun — Beautiful; adjective modifier expressing aesthetic loveliness

산이

sani — Mountain (subject marker attached); elevated landmass

솟아올라

sosoaolla — Rising up; gerund of 솟아오르다 (to soar upward)

있는데

inneunde — Exists but; present conjunctive of 있다 with contrast

되었다가

doeeotdaga — Became then; past conjunctive indicating temporary state change

되기도

doegido — Also becomes; conjunctive of 되다 with additive particle

하는

haneun — Doing or being; present modifier of 하다

다채로운

dachaeouroun — Colorful or varied; modifier meaning diverse in color

색으로

saegeuro — With color; instrumental form of 색 (color/hue)

물들고

muldeulgo — Being dyed; conjunctive of 물들다 (to be colored/dyed)

저녁이면

jeonyeogiмyeon — When evening comes; conditional form of 저녁 (evening)

봉우리가

bonguuriga — Mountain peak (subject marker); pointed top of a mountain

불꽃으로

bulkkocheuro — With flames; instrumental form of 불꽃 (flame/fire)

테를

тереul — Border or rim (object marker); an outline or fringe

두르며

dueurmyeo — Surrounding or bordering; conjunctive of 두르다 (to surround)

산

san — Mountain; a large elevated landform rising above surroundings

봉우리들의

bonguurideului — Of the mountain peaks (plural possessive); multiple summits

물결이

mulgyori — Wave or ripple (subject marker); undulating movement pattern

수평으로

supyeongeuro — Horizontally; directional adverb meaning in a level direction

쏟아지는

ssodajineun — Pouring down; present modifier of 쏟아지다 (to pour out)

빛을

bicheul — Light (object marker); radiant energy visible to the eye

받아

bada — Receiving; gerund of 받다 (to receive or catch)

빛난다

bitnanda — Shines or gleams; plain present declarative of 빛나다