Coniston — Volume 01 — Page 1

Vocabulary

Được

Được — Passive marker or 'to receive/get something'

sản

sản — Production, property, or birth-related term

xuất

xuất — To produce, export, or emit something

bởi

bởi — By, because of; indicates agent or cause

và

và — And; connects words or clauses together

Bởi

Bởi — By, because of; indicates cause or agent

Chúng

Chúng — We, they; plural pronoun used in groups

ta

ta — We, us; first-person plural inclusive pronoun

đã

đã — Past tense marker indicating completed action

bị

bị — Passive marker indicating undesirable action suffered

buộc

buộc — To force, compel, or tie something/someone

phải

phải — Must, have to; obligation or necessity marker

nhìn

nhìn — To look at, to observe visually

thấy

thấy — To see, to perceive something visually

những

những — Plural marker for nouns; 'the/those things'

gì

gì — What; used in questions or relative clauses

yếu

yếu — Weak, feeble; lacking strength or power

kém

kém — Inferior, poor quality, lacking in ability

trong

trong — In, inside, within a place or concept

nền

nền — Foundation, background, or basis of something

dân

dân — People, citizens, population of a nation

chủ

chủ — Owner, master, or principal; chief authority

cũng

cũng — Also, too, as well; additive adverb

như

như — Like, as, such as; comparison word

mạnh

mạnh — Strong, powerful, vigorous in strength

mẽ

mẽ — Intensifier used with mạnh mẽ meaning strongly

bắt

bắt — To catch, begin, or force someone to act

đầu

đầu — Head, beginning, or start of something

mơ

mơ — To dream; vague or hazy perception

hồ

hồ — Lake; also vague when combined with mơ

nhận

nhận — To receive, recognize, or acknowledge something

ra

ra — Out, outward; directional or resultative particle

rằng

rằng — That; introduces a subordinate clause or quote

mọi

mọi — Every, all; refers to each without exception

thứ

thứ — Thing, stuff; ordinal number marker too

không

không — No, not; negation word in Vietnamese

tự

tự — Self, by oneself, automatically without help

diễn

diễn — To perform, unfold, or take place naturally

chính

chính — Exactly, main, official; emphasizes the subject

phủ

phủ — Government office or to cover/negate something

của

của — Of, belonging to; possessive particle in Vietnamese

nhân

nhân — Person, human, or factor; multiply in math

nó

nó — It, he, she; third-person singular pronoun

là

là — Is, are, am; linking verb of identity

thuốc

thuốc — Medicine, drug, or remedy for illness

chữa

chữa — To cure, treat, or repair something broken

bách

bách — Hundred; all, every; used in compounds

bệnh

bệnh — Disease, illness, sickness affecting the body

tốt

tốt — Good, nice, beneficial; positive quality adjective

hơn

hơn — More than, better than; comparative marker

bất

bất — Any, un-, not; negation prefix in compounds

kỳ

kỳ — Any, strange, or period; used in bất kỳ

hình

hình — Shape, form, image, or type of something

thức

thức — Form, manner, style; used in formal compounds

nào

nào — Which, any; interrogative or indefinite pronoun

khác

khác — Other, different, another; contrast with current

ngoại

ngoại — External, foreign, outside; prefix in compounds

trừ

trừ — Except, minus, to subtract or exclude

khi

khi — When, at the time of an event

đức

đức — Virtue, moral excellence, or Germany (country)

hạnh

hạnh — Virtue, moral conduct, or good character

sự

sự — Nominalizer particle turning adjectives into nouns

khôn

khôn — Wise, clever, smart in practical matters

ngoan

ngoan — Well-behaved, obedient, good-natured person

người

người — Person, people; classifier for human beings

làm

làm — To do, make, work, perform an action

cho

cho — For, give, allow; benefactive or purpose marker

vậy

vậy — So, therefore, like that; conclusive particle

con

con — Child, offspring; classifier for animals

đảm

đảm — Brave, courageous; to undertake responsibility

việc

việc — Task, work, matter, affair to be done

cai

cai — To govern, oversee, or manage a group

trị

trị — To govern, rule, or treat an illness

mình

mình — Oneself, body, self; reflexive pronoun

họ

họ — They, them; third-person plural pronoun

bước

bước — Step, to step, to walk forward

vào

vào — Into, enter; directional particle inward

nguy

nguy — Danger, peril; used in compounds for risk

hiểm

hiểm — Dangerous, treacherous, risky situation or place

trách

trách — To blame; responsibility in trách nhiệm

nhiệm

nhiệm — Duty, responsibility; used in official compounds

đặc

đặc — Special, particular, thick; used in compounds

quyền

quyền — Right, privilege, power, authority over something

chức

chức — Position, office, title, or function/role

năng

năng — Ability, capacity, energy; used in compounds

đó

đó — That, there; demonstrative pronoun or adverb

Trên

Trên — Above, on top of, over a surface

tất

tất — All, everything; used in tất cả

cả

cả — All, entire, even; totality emphasizer

có

có — To have, exist, there is/are

vẻ

vẻ — Appearance, look, seem; có vẻ means 'seems'

chúng

chúng — They, we; plural pronoun for groups

đang

đang — Currently, in the process of; present continuous

đường

đường — Road, path, way; sugar in cooking context

thuyết

thuyết — Theory, doctrine; to persuade in compounds

phục

phục — To persuade, submit, or restore; used in compounds

thể

thể — Can, able to; body, form, or style

được

được — Can, able; passive marker for positive outcome

vận

vận — To operate, luck, fate; transport or run

hành

hành — To operate, carry out, execute an action

bằng

bằng — By means of, equal to, flat surface

lời

lời — Word, speech, saying, verbal expression

hoa

hoa — Flower; ornate, flowery language style

mỹ

mỹ — Beautiful, America; mỹ means beautiful/aesthetic