Crime and Punishment — Page 6

Vocabulary

この

kono — This (demonstrative adjective modifying a noun).

家

ie — House, home, or building.

は

wa — Topic marker particle in Japanese grammar.

小さな

chiisana — Small, little (attributive adjective form).

部屋

heya — Room, chamber inside a building.

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or purpose.

分け

wake — Divide, split into separate parts.

て

te — Conjunctive particle connecting sequential actions.

貸し出さ

kashidasa — Rent out, lend something to others.

れ

re — Passive or potential auxiliary verb suffix.

おり

ori — Humble/formal form of the verb 'to be.'

あらゆる

arayuru — Every kind of, all sorts of things.

種類

shurui — Type, kind, category, or variety.

の

no — Possessive or linking particle between nouns.

労働者

rōdōsha — Worker, laborer, someone who performs manual work.

たち

tachi — Plural suffix for people or animate beings.

仕立て屋

shitateya — Tailor, a person who sews and alters clothing.

錠前師

jōmaeshi — Locksmith, craftsman who makes and repairs locks.

料理人

ryōrinin — Cook, chef who prepares meals professionally.

さまざまな

samazamana — Various, diverse, all different kinds of things.

ドイツ人

Doitsujin — German person, someone from Germany.

なんとか

nantoka — Somehow, managing to do something with difficulty.

生計

seikei — Livelihood, means of earning a living.

を

wo — Object marker particle indicating direct object.

立てよう

tateyō — Volitional form of 'establish' or 'make a living.'

と

to — Particle meaning 'and,' 'with,' or quotation marker.

し

shi — Verb 'do,' conjunctive or listing form.

いる

iru — To exist, be (for animate beings); auxiliary verb.

娘

musume — Daughter, young woman, girl.

下級

kakyū — Lower rank, inferior grade or class level.

事務員

jimuin — Office worker, clerk handling administrative tasks.

など

nado — Et cetera, and so on, among other things.

が

ga — Subject marker particle; also means 'but.'

住ん

sun(de) — Live, reside (conjunctive stem of 住む).

で

de — Particle indicating location of action or means.

い

i — Stem of いる, 'to be' or ongoing-action auxiliary.

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary verb suffix.

二つ

futatsu — Two (native Japanese counter for general objects).

門

mon — Gate, entrance gateway to a building or compound.

中庭

nakaniwa — Courtyard, inner garden enclosed by a building.

絶え間なく

taemanaku — Incessantly, without pause or interruption.

人

hito — Person, human being, people in general.

行き来

yukiki — Coming and going, back-and-forth movement of people.

建物

tatemono — Building, structure, constructed edifice.

三

san — The number three.

四人

yonin — Four people, a group of four persons.

門番

monban — Gatekeeper, guard stationed at an entrance.

雇わ

yatowa — Employ, hire (stem form of 雇う).

青年

seinen — Young man, youth, young adult male.

彼ら

karera — They, them (plural third-person pronoun).

誰

dare — Who, which person (interrogative pronoun).

も

mo — Also, either; with negatives means 'no one/nothing.'

会わ

awa — Meet, encounter someone (stem form of 会う).

ず

zu — Negative auxiliary, 'without doing' something.

済ん

sun(de) — Finish, be done, get by without something.

だ

da — Copula, informal 'to be' or past assertion marker.

こと

koto — Thing, fact, matter (nominalizer for events/states).

ひどく

hidoku — Terribly, extremely, very much (adverb).

喜び

yorokobi — Joy, delight, happiness, gladness.

すぐ

sugu — Immediately, right away, very soon.

右側

migigawa — Right side, the right-hand direction or area.

扉

tobira — Door, gate, hinged panel for an entrance.

こっそり

kossori — Stealthily, secretly, without being noticed.

抜け

nuke — Pass through, slip past, exit quietly.

階段

kaidan — Staircase, flight of stairs in a building.

上っ

nobot(te) — Climb up, ascend stairs or a slope.

いっ

it(te) — Go (conjunctive form of 行く).

それ

sore — That, that thing (mid-distance demonstrative pronoun).

裏階段

urakaidan — Back staircase, service stairs at building's rear.

暗く

kuraku — Darkly, in a dark manner (adverbial adjective form).

狭かっ

semakkat(ta) — Was narrow, confined (past form of 狭い).

彼

kare — He, him (third-person masculine pronoun).

すでに

sudeni — Already, by now, previously.

慣れ

nare — Become accustomed to, get used to something.

道

michi — Road, path, way, route.

知っ

shit(te) — Know, be aware of (conjunctive of 知る).

そして

soshite — And then, and so, furthermore (conjunctive adverb).

こうした

kōshita — This kind of, such (attributive demonstrative phrase).

周囲

shūi — Surroundings, the environment around something.

環境

kankyō — Environment, surroundings, circumstances one lives in.

好き

suki — Like, fond of, to have affection for.

だっ

dat(ta) — Past tense of the copula だ, 'was/were.'

よう

yō — Way, manner; also volitional or resemblance suffix.

な

na — Adjectival linking form; also prohibition particle.

暗闇

kurayami — Darkness, pitch-black surroundings with no light.

中

naka — Inside, middle, within a space or group.

最も

mottomo — Most, extremely (superlative adverb).

詮索

sensaku — Prying, nosing around, inquisitive investigation into others.

目

me — Eye; also gaze, attention, or point of view.

さえ

sae — Even (emphasis particle, 'even X').

恐れる

osoreru — Fear, be afraid of, dread something.

必要

hitsuyō — Necessity, need, something required or essential.

なかっ

nakat(ta) — Was not, did not exist (past negative form).

今

ima — Now, at this moment, presently.

こんな

konna — This kind of, such (proximal demonstrative adjective).

怖れ

osore — Fear, dread, apprehension about something.

もし

moshi — If, supposing that (conditional conjunction).

本当

hontō — Truth, reality; truly, really (adverb).

実行

jikkō — Execution, carrying out a plan or action.

する

suru — Do, perform, carry out an action.

なっ

nat(te) — Become (conjunctive form of なる).

たら

tara — Conditional particle, 'if/when this happens.'

いったい

ittai — What on earth, just what (emphatic interrogative adverb).

どう

dō — How, in what way, what manner.

なる

naru — Become, turn into, come to be.

だろう

darō — Probably, I wonder (speculative copula form).

四階

yonkai — Fourth floor of a building.

達し

tasshi — Reach, arrive at, attain a destination.

とき

toki — Time, moment, occasion when something happens.

思わず

omowazu — Involuntarily, without thinking, reflexively.

自問

jimon — Self-questioning, asking oneself inwardly.

せ

se — Causative auxiliary stem, 'make/let someone do.'

られ

rare — Passive or potential auxiliary suffix.

そこ

soko — There, that place (mid-distance location pronoun).

行く手

yukute — The way ahead, one's path forward.

ある

aru — Exist, be present (for inanimate things).

から

kara — From, because, after (particle indicating cause/origin).

家具

kagu — Furniture, household furnishings.

運び出し

hakobidashi — Carry out, move furniture or items outside.

数人

Several people, a few persons.

運び屋

hakobiya — Carrier, mover, person who transports goods.

よっ

yot(te) — By means of, due to (conjunctive of よる).

遮ら

saegira — Block, obstruct, impede someone's passage.

その

sono — That (mid-distance demonstrative adjective).

官吏

kanri — Government official, civil servant, bureaucrat.

家族

kazoku — Family, one's household members.

占有

sen'yū — Occupancy, exclusive possession of a space.

さ

sa — Suffix nominalizing adjectives; also casual filler.

引っ越し

hikkoshi — Moving house, relocating one's residence.

いく

iku — Go, proceed (verb of movement away from speaker).

老婆

rōba — Old woman, elderly female.

除い

nozoi — Except for, excluding (stem of 除く).

空き部屋

akibeya — Vacant room, empty room available for use.

わけ

wake — Reason, meaning, conclusion drawn from a situation.

ともかく

tomokaku — Anyway, at any rate, setting other things aside.

好都合

kōtsugō — Convenient, favorable, opportune circumstances.

呼び鈴

yobirin — Doorbell, call bell used to summon someone.

鳴らし

narashi — Ring, sound a bell or buzzer.

ながら

nagara — While doing, simultaneously performing two actions.

心

kokoro — Heart, mind, inner feelings or spirit.

思っ

omot(te) — Think, feel, consider (conjunctive of 思う).