Crime and Punishment — Page 1

Vocabulary

TỘI

tội — Crime or sin; wrongdoing deserving punishment

ÁC

ác — Evil, wicked, or cruel in nature

VÀ

và — And; conjunction connecting words or phrases

HÌNH

hình — Form, shape; also relates to punishment or sentence

PHẠT

phạt — To punish; a penalty or punishment imposed

Tác

tác — Part of compound meaning author or work

giả

giả — Author or creator of a written work

Dịch

dịch — To translate from one language to another

bởi

bởi — By; indicates the agent performing an action

LỜI

lời — Word, speech, or preface; spoken or written expression

TỰA

tựa — Preface or foreword of a book

CỦA

của — Of; possessive particle indicating belonging

DỊCH

dịch — Translation; act of converting text between languages

GIẢ

giả — Person who performs a role; translator or author

Vài

vài — A few; small indefinite number of something

lời

lời — Words; spoken or written remarks or statements

về

về — About; concerning a topic or subject matter

bản

bản — Version, copy, or edition of a document

thân

thân — Self, body, or close personal relationship

có

có — To have; to exist or possess something

thể

thể — Can, may; indicates possibility or ability

giúp

giúp — To help or assist someone with something

độc

độc — Reading; part of compound word for reader

người

người — Person, people; human being or individual

Anh

Anh — England or English; referring to British people

hiểu

hiểu — To understand or comprehend something clearly

được

được — To be able to; indicates successful completion

tác

tác — Work or creation; part of tác phẩm meaning literary work

phẩm

phẩm — Product or work; part of compound for literary work

của

của — Of; possessive particle indicating ownership or belonging

ông

ông — He, him; respectful term for older man

là

là — To be; linking verb indicating identity or state

con

con — Child or offspring; classifier for small creatures

trai

trai — Male; son or boy

một

một — One; the number one or indefinite article

bác

bác — Uncle or senior person; respectful address term

sĩ

sĩ — Professional suffix; part of bác sĩ meaning doctor

Cha

cha — Father; male parent

mẹ

mẹ — Mother; female parent

những

những — Plural marker for nouns; these or those things

rất

rất — Very; intensifier modifying adjectives or adverbs

chăm

chăm — Diligent, hardworking; devoted to tasks

chỉ

chỉ — Only; indicates limitation or diligence when combined

và

và — And; coordinating conjunction linking elements

sùng

sùng — Devout; deeply reverent toward religion

đạo

đạo — Religion, faith, or moral way of living

nhưng

nhưng — But; conjunction indicating contrast or exception

nghèo

nghèo — Poor; lacking money or material wealth

đến

đến — To arrive at; reaching a degree or place

mức

mức — Level or degree of something; extent or measure

cả

cả — All, whole; entire group or amount

gia

gia — Family or household; part of gia đình

đình

đình — Family; part of compound gia đình meaning family

năm

năm — Year or the number five

sống

sống — To live; to be alive or reside somewhere

trong

trong — In, inside; preposition indicating location within

hai

hai — Two; the number two

căn

căn — Classifier for rooms or houses

phòng

phòng — Room; enclosed space within a building

Người

người — Person; human being, used as subject marker

cha

cha — Father; male parent of a family

dành

dành — To dedicate or set aside time or resources

buổi

buổi — Session or period of day; morning, evening, etc.

tối

tối — Evening or night; dark period of the day

để

To put; in order to, indicating purpose

đọc

đọc — To read; to look at and comprehend written text

to

to — Loud or large; reading aloud to others

cho

cho — For; to give or allow something to someone

các

các — Plural marker; referring to multiple specific people

nghe

nghe — To listen or hear something

thường

thường — Often, usually; happening on a regular basis

từ

từ — From; preposition indicating origin or starting point

cuốn

cuốn — Classifier for books or scrolls

sách

sách — Book; bound written or printed publication

tính

tính — Nature, character; tendency or personal quality

chất

chất — Quality or nature of something; substance

nghiêm

nghiêm — Strict, serious, or stern in manner

túc

túc — Serious; part of compound nghiêm túc meaning serious

Mặc

mặc — Despite; although, used in concessive clauses

dù

dù — Although, even though; concessive conjunction

luôn

luôn — Always; continuously or at all times

ốm

ốm — Sick, ill; in poor health

yếu

yếu — Weak; lacking strength or physical vigor

mong

mong — Fragile, thin; to hope or wish for something

manh

manh — Frail; part of mong manh meaning fragile

vẫn

vẫn — Still, nevertheless; continuing despite circumstances

đứng

đứng — To stand; to rank or place in a position

thứ

thứ — Ordinal marker; indicating rank or order

ba

ba — Three; the number three

kỳ

kỳ — Period or term; examination session or occasion

thi

thi — Examination, test; competitive academic assessment

tốt

tốt — Good; positive quality or successful outcome

nghiệp

nghiệp — Career, graduation; professional or academic completion

trường

trường — School; educational institution or establishment

Kỹ

kỹ — Technical; relating to engineering or technology

thuật

thuật — Technique or art; part of kỹ thuật meaning technology

Tại

tại — At; preposition indicating location or place

đó

đó — There; referring to a previously mentioned place

đã

đã — Already; past tense marker in Vietnamese

bắt

bắt — To begin or start; also to catch or arrest

đầu

đầu — Head; beginning or start of something

tay

tay — Hand; also indicates personal involvement in work

mình

mình — Oneself; reflexive pronoun referring to the subject

Những

những — Plural marker; those or these things or people

Nghèo

nghèo — Poor; title word meaning poverty or the poor

Khổ

khổ — Suffering, miserable; experiencing hardship or pain

Câu

câu — Sentence; also classifier for sentences or stories

chuyện

chuyện — Story, matter, or topic of conversation

này

này — This; demonstrative pronoun for nearby objects

nhà

nhà — House, home; also used for professional titles

thơ

thơ — Poem or poetry; relating to poetic expression

đăng

đăng — To publish or post; make available in print

tải

tải — To load or carry; part of đăng tải meaning publish

trên

trên — On, above; preposition indicating surface or position

tạp

tạp — Mixed; part of tạp chí meaning magazine

chí

chí — Will, ambition; part of tạp chí meaning magazine

đón

đón — To welcome or receive; greet someone arriving

nhận

nhận — To receive or accept something offered

với

với — With; preposition indicating accompaniment or manner

tán

tán — To praise; part of tán dương meaning to praise

dương

dương — To praise highly; part of tán dương

nhiệt

nhiệt — Heat, enthusiasm; part of nhiệt liệt meaning enthusiastic

liệt

liệt — Intense; part of nhiệt liệt meaning enthusiastically

thanh

thanh — Young; part of thanh niên meaning young person

niên

niên — Year or age; part of thanh niên meaning youth

nhút

nhút — Timid; part of nhút nhát meaning shy or timid

nhát

nhát — Cowardly, shy; part of nhút nhát meaning timid

vô

vô — Without, no; prefix indicating absence of something

danh

danh — Name or fame; vô danh means unknown or anonymous

bỗng

bỗng — Suddenly; happening unexpectedly without warning

chốc

chốc — Moment; part of bỗng chốc meaning suddenly

trở

trở — To become or return; indicates a change of state

thành

thành — To become; achieve a new state or identity

nổi

nổi — Famous or floating; part of nổi tiếng meaning famous

tiếng

tiếng — Sound, language; nổi tiếng means famous

Một

một — One; indefinite article or the number one

sự

sự — Nominalizer; turns adjectives or verbs into nouns

rực

rực — Blazing, brilliant; vivid or radiant brightness

rỡ

rỡ — Brilliant, glorious; part of rực rỡ meaning splendid

công

công — Work, career; public or professional endeavor

dường

dường — Seemingly, apparently; indicates appearance or impression

như

như — Like, as if; comparison or similarity marker

đang

đang — Currently; progressive aspect marker in Vietnamese

mở

mở — To open; beginning or making accessible

ra

ra — Out; directional particle indicating outward movement

trước

trước — Before, in front of; prior in time or space

mắt

mắt — Eyes; also used figuratively for sight or view

hy

hy — Hope; part of hy vọng meaning hope or wish

vọng

vọng — Hope; part of hy vọng meaning to hope for

sớm

sớm — Early, soon; happening before expected time

bị

bị — Passive marker indicating undesirable action suffered

dập

dập — To crush or stamp out; extinguish forcefully

tắt

tắt — To extinguish or turn off; put an end to

Năm

năm — Year; specific year or the number five

không

không — No, not; negation particle in Vietnamese

phải

phải — Must, right; indicates obligation or correctness

cách

cách — Way, method; means of doing something

mạng

mạng — Life, network; part of cách mạng meaning revolution

khí

khí — Air, spirit; part of compound meaning revolutionary spirit

lẫn

lẫn — Both, as well as; mixed together with something

niềm

niềm — Feeling, belief; emotional or spiritual sentiment

tin

tin — To believe or trust; news or information

số

số — Number; a small number of people or things

ít

ít — Few, little; small in quantity or number

tụ

tụ — To gather or assemble in a group

họp

họp — To meet or assemble; part of gathering together

lại

lại — Again; directional particle indicating return or repetition

Ông

ông — He, him; respectful pronoun for older male

buộc

buộc — To tie or bind; to accuse or charge someone

tội

tội — Crime, guilt; charged with a criminal offense

tham

tham — To participate in; greedy or taking part in

vào

vào — Into; entering or participating in something

cuộc

cuộc — Event, match; classifier for meetings or events

đàm

đàm — Discussion; part of đàm luận meaning discussion

luận

luận — To discuss or argue; part of đàm luận

chống

chống — To oppose or resist; against something or someone

chế

chế — System or regime; part of chế độ meaning system

độ

độ — Degree, system; part of chế độ meaning regime

kiểm

kiểm — To check or inspect; part of kiểm duyệt meaning censor

duyệt

duyệt — To review or approve; part of censorship compound

bức

bức — Classifier for letters, paintings, or walls

thư

thư — Letter; written correspondence sent to someone

gửi

gửi — To send; transmit a letter or object to someone

biết

biết — To know; to be aware of facts or information

ý

ý — Idea, intention; meaning or purpose of something

định

định — To intend or plan; decided or fixed purpose

lập

lập — To establish or set up; to found something

in

in — To print; reproduce text or images for publication

Dưới

dưới — Under, below; beneath in position or authority

triều

triều — Dynasty or reign; royal court period

đại

đại — Era, great; part of triều đại meaning dynasty

mà

mà — Whom, which; relative pronoun or contrast marker

gọi

gọi — To call or name; refer to something by name

khắc

khắc — To engrave; harsh or cruel in character

bằng

bằng — By means of; equal to or using something

điều

điều — Thing, matter; a point or condition discussed

đủ

đủ — Enough, sufficient; adequate to achieve something

kết

kết — To conclude or tie; part of kết án meaning sentence

án

án — Verdict, sentence; legal judgment or criminal charge

tử

tử — Death; part of tử hình meaning death sentence

hình

hình — Punishment; tử hình means death penalty