Frankenstein; or, the modern prometheus — Page 3

Vocabulary

သို့သော်

thoe-thaw — however; but; nevertheless, contrasting previous statement

ဤ

i — this (formal/literary demonstrative pronoun)

ကောက်ချက်

kawt-chet — conclusion; inference drawn from reasoning or evidence

များ

myar — many; plural marker or 'a lot of'

အားလုံး

ar-lone — all; everyone; everything without exception

မှားယွင်းသည်

hmar-ywin-the — to be wrong; to be mistaken or incorrect

ဟု

hu — quotative particle meaning 'that' or 'saying'

ယူဆ

yu-sa — to assume; to think; to suppose something

သော်လည်း

thaw-leare — although; even though; despite that fact

ကမ္ဘာ့

kamba — of the world; world's (possessive/attributive form)

တိုင်းတစ်ပါးသား

tine-tit-par-thar — foreigner; person from another country

အတွက်

a-tweht — for; for the sake of; because of

နောင်

naung — future; later; in the time ahead

လာ

la — to come; directional verb toward speaker

မည့်

myi — future tense marker; will; going to

မျိုးဆက်

myo-set — generation; a successive group sharing an era

အဆုံး

a-zone — end; conclusion; final point of something

တိုင်အောင်

tine-aung — until; up to; all the way to a point

မျက်မြင်

myet-myin — eyewitness; seen firsthand; visible to the eye

တွင်

twing — in; at; within (locative particle)

ရောက်ရှိ

yout-shi — to arrive at; to reach a place or point

ရန်

yan — in order to; for the purpose of doing something

လ

la — month; also the moon

များစွာ

myar-zwa — many; a great deal; a large number of

ကြာမြင့်

kja-myin — to take a long time; to be lengthy in duration

သော

thaw — relative clause particle; that; which; who

နိုင်ငံ

nine-ngan — country; nation; sovereign state

သို့

thoe — to; toward; directional particle indicating destination

တောင်ဝင်ရိုးစွန်း

taung-win-yoe-zun — Antarctic region; southern polar area of Earth

အနီး

a-ni — near; close to; vicinity of something

လမ်းကြောင်း

lan-kjoun — route; path; course of travel or direction

ကို

ko — object marker particle; to; toward (direct object)

ရှာဖွေ

sha-phwe — to search; to look for; to explore and find

တွေ့ရှိ

twe-shi — to discover; to find; to encounter something

ခြင်း

chin — nominalizer suffix turning verb into abstract noun

ဖြင့်

phyin — with; by means of; using (instrumental particle)

သို့မဟုတ်

thoe-ma-hout — or; otherwise; alternatively between two options

သံလိုက်

than-lite — magnet; magnetic; having magnetic properties

၏

i/e — possessive particle; of; belonging to (formal)

လျှို့ဝှက်ချက်

hlyo-hwet-chet — secret; mystery; hidden information or knowledge

ဖော်ထုတ်

phaw-htout — to reveal; to uncover; to bring to light

၎င်း

thinge — it; that; he/she (formal pronoun, third person)

သည်

the — present tense verb marker; topic/subject particle

ဖြစ်နိုင်

phit-nine — possible; may be; it is likely or feasible

ပါက

pa-ga — if; conditional particle used in formal writing

ကျွန်ုပ်

kjhanout — I; me (formal first-person pronoun)

ကဲ့သို့

keh-thoe — like; similar to; in the same way as

ကြိုးပမ်းမှု

kjo-pan-hmu — effort; endeavor; act of trying hard

တစ်ခု

tit-khu — one thing; a single item or instance

သာ

tha — only; just; merely; limiting particle

ဆောင်ရွက်

saung-ywet — to carry out; to perform; to undertake a task

နိုင်

nine — can; able to; potential auxiliary verb

မည်

myi — will; future tense auxiliary marker (formal)

ပေးအပ်

pay-ut — to bestow; to hand over; to give formally

တန်ဖိုး

tan-pho — value; worth; importance of something

မဖြတ်နိုင်

ma-phyat-nine — cannot cut through; unable to overcome or pass

အကျိုးကျေးဇူး

a-kjo-kje-zu — benefit; advantage; useful result or gain

သင်

thin — you (second person pronoun); also 'to learn'

ငြင်းဆို

nyin-so — to deny; to refuse; to reject a claim

မဟုတ်

ma-hout — not; is not; negation of identity or state

ပေ

pay — foot (unit of length); also an emphasis particle

တွေးတော

twe-taw — to ponder; to reflect; to think deeply about something

မှု

hmu — nominalizing suffix indicating action or state

စာ

sa — letter; writing; text; also food (colloquial)

ရေး

yay — to write; to compose text or written work

စ

sa — to begin; to start; commencement of action

ချင်း

chin — desire particle; want to; each one (distributive)

ခံစားခဲ့

khan-zar-khe — felt; experienced; underwent an emotional sensation (past)

ရ

ya — to get; to obtain; success/ability marker particle

ပူပန်မှု

pu-pan-hmu — worry; anxiety; feeling of concern or unease

ပပျောက်

pa-pyout — to disappear completely; to vanish entirely

စေ

say — causative particle; to cause or make someone do

ခဲ့

khe — past tense marker; went away (directional past)

ပြီး

pyi — after; already done; completion marker particle

နှလုံး

hnalone — heart (physical organ); also used for emotions

ကောင်းကင်

kaung-kín — sky; heaven; the expanse above the earth

မြှင့်တင်

hmyin-tin — to elevate; to uplift; to raise up or promote

သည့်

thí — relative clause marker (past/present attributive)

စိတ်အားထက်သန်မှု

seit-ar-tet-than-hmu — enthusiasm; passion; strong eagerness and motivation

တောက်ပ

tawt-pa — bright; shining; radiant; gleaming with light

နေ

nay — to stay; to live; continuous aspect marker

ခံစားရ

khan-zar-ya — to feel; to experience an emotion or sensation

အကြောင်းမှာ

a-kjoun-hma — the reason is; the cause is; because of this

စိတ်

seit — mind; heart; feelings; mental state or emotion

ငြိမ်သက်

hnyin-thet — calm; peaceful; quiet and undisturbed mentally

ရာ

ya — hundred; also a nominalizing/aspect particle

ခိုင်မာ

khine-ma — strong; firm; solid; stable and resolute

ရည်ရွယ်ချက်

yi-ywe-chet — purpose; intention; aim or goal of an action

ထက်

htet — than; more than; comparative particle

ပိုမို

po-mo — more; even more; to a greater degree

ထောက်ကူ

htout-ku — to support; to assist; to help or aid someone

အရာ

a-ya — thing; matter; object; an item or affair

မရှိ

ma-shi — does not exist; there is none; absent

စိတ်ဝိညာဉ်

seit-winyán — spirit; soul; inner spiritual essence of a being

က

ga/ka — subject marker particle; from; agent marker

ဥာဏ်ပညာ

nyán-pyin-nya — wisdom; intelligence; knowledge and discernment combined

မျက်စိ

myet-si — eye; the organ of sight

ပုံသေ

pone-thay — fixed; rigid; static; set and unchanging

ချိတ်ဆွဲ

cheit-hswe — to hook; to hang; to connect or link together

အချက်

a-chet — point; fact; key detail or element

တစ်ချက်

tit-chet — one point; once; a single instance or moment

ဖြစ်

phit — to be; to become; to occur or happen

ခရီးထွက်

kha-yi-thwet — to travel; to go on a journey or trip

အသက်

a-thet — age; life; the years one has lived

ငယ်ရွယ်

ngeh-ywe — young; youthful; being of a young age

စဉ်

zin — during; while; throughout a period of time

အကြိုက်ဆုံး

a-kjite-zone — favorite; most preferred; liked above all others

အိပ်မက်

eit-met — dream; a vision experienced while sleeping

ဖြစ်ခဲ့

phit-khe — was; became; occurred in the past

ဝိုင်းရံ

wine-yan — to surround; to encircle; to gather around something

ပင်လယ်

pin-leh — sea; ocean; large body of salt water

မှ

hma — from; since; out of (source or origin particle)

တစ်ဆင့်

tit-hsin — through; via; one step; by means of

မြောက်

myout — north; northern direction

ပစိဖိတ်

pa-si-phit — Pacific (as in Pacific Ocean)

သမုဒ္ဒရာ

tha-moud-da-ya — ocean; a vast expanse of sea water

ကြိုးပမ်း

kjo-pan — to strive; to make effort; to try hard

အမျိုးမျိုး

a-myo-myo — various kinds; different types; all sorts of

ရေပြင်ခရီး

yay-pyin-kha-yi — sea voyage; journey across water by ship

အကြောင်းအရာ

a-kjoun-a-ya — topic; subject matter; content of discussion

စိတ်အားထက်သန်

seit-ar-tet-than — enthusiastic; passionate; eager and highly motivated

စွာ

zwa — adverbial suffix meaning 'with' or '-ly' manner

ဖတ်ရှု

phat-shu — to read; to peruse written material

ပြုလုပ်

pyu-lout — to do; to make; to perform an action

သမိုင်း

tha-mine — history; historical record or past events

ကျွန်ုပ်တို့

kjhanout-doh — we; us (formal first-person plural pronoun)

ကောင်း

kaung — good; nice; well; of positive quality

ဦးလေး

u-lay — uncle; a respectful term for an older man

စာကြည့်တိုက်

sa-kji-tite — library; a place where books are kept

လုံး

lone — whole; entire; counter for round objects

ဖွဲ့စည်း

phwe-zi — to organize; to form; to establish a group

ထား

htar — to place; to put; to keep in position

မှတ်မိ

hmat-mi — to remember; to recall; to retain in memory

ပညာရေး

pyin-nya-yay — education; the process of learning and schooling

လျစ်လျူရှု

lyit-lyu-shu — to ignore; to overlook; to disregard deliberately

စိတ်အား

seit-ar — mental energy; motivation; strength of mind

ချစ်ခင်

chit-khin — to love; to be fond of; to feel affection for

နှစ်သက်

hnit-thet — to like; to enjoy; to be pleased by something

စာအုပ်တွဲ

sa-out-twe — book series; a set of related books

ညဉ့်

nyi — night; the period of darkness after sunset

ရော

yaw — also; too; mixing particle; combining items

နေ့

nay — day; daytime; the period of sunlight

ပါ

pa — polite sentence particle; also; to include

လေ့လာမှု

leh-la-hmu — study; learning; the act of studying something

၎င်းတို့

thinge-doh — they; them; those ones (formal plural pronoun)

နှင့်

hnin — and; with; together with (connective particle)

ရင်းနှီး

yin-hni — familiar; intimate; close and well-acquainted

ကျွမ်းဝင်မှု

kjwan-win-hmu — familiarity; expertise; proficiency in a subject

ဖခင်

pha-khin — father; male parent

သေဆုံး

thay-zone — to die; to pass away; death of a person

ချိန်

chein — time; moment; period; to weigh or measure

အား

ar — strength; object marker; with intensity; toward

ရေပြင်

yay-pyin — water surface; open water; expanse of sea

ဘဝ

ba-wa — life; existence; one's state of being

ထွက်ခွာ

thwet-khwa — to depart; to leave; to set off from a place

၌

hnit — in; at; within (formal locative particle)

ခွင့်မပြုရ

khwin-ma-pyu-ya — not allowed; permission denied; must not do

တားမြစ်

tar-myit — to prohibit; to forbid; to ban an action

ကလေး

ka-lay — child; young person; baby or small kid

သိရှိ

thi-shi — to know; to be aware of; to understand something

နောင်တ

naung-ta — regret; remorse; feeling sorry for past actions

တိုးပွား

toe-pwar — to grow; to increase; to multiply or expand