Gulliver's Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World — Page 4

Vocabulary

これら

korera — These (referring to multiple things nearby)

の

no — Possessive or nominalizing particle

そして

soshite — And then; and also; furthermore

他

hoka — Other; another; else; the rest

無数

musuu — Countless; innumerable; infinite in number

改革

kaikaku — Reform; renovation; restructuring of a system

を

wo — Object marker particle in Japanese grammar

私

watashi — I; me; first-person singular pronoun

は

wa — Topic marker particle in Japanese grammar

あなた

anata — You; second-person singular pronoun

励まし

hagemashi — Encouragement; cheering someone on; motivation

によって

ni yotte — By means of; due to; depending on

確信

kakushin — Conviction; firm belief; certainty about something

して

shite — Doing; te-form of suru connecting actions

い

i — Stem of iru; to be (animate)

まし

mashi — Polite past auxiliary verb component

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary indicating completed action

実際

jissai — In reality; actually; in practice; indeed

それら

sorera — Those (referring to multiple things previously mentioned)

著書

chosho — Written work; one's own authored book

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or target

記さ

shirusa — Written; recorded; noted down (passive stem)

れた

reta — Passive past tense auxiliary ending

教訓

kyoukun — Lesson; moral; teaching drawn from experience

から

kara — From; because; since; starting point particle

明らか

akiraka — Clear; obvious; evident; apparent

導き出せる

michibiki daseru — Can derive; can draw out a conclusion

もの

mono — Thing; object; that which; nominalizer

でし

deshi — Polite copula stem (part of deshita)

認め

mitome — Acknowledge; admit; recognize; accept as true

なけれ

nakere — Conditional negative stem (must; have to)

ば

ba — Conditional particle meaning if or when

なり

nari — Become; be (part of narimansen)

ませ

mase — Polite imperative or negative auxiliary component

ん

n — Negative contraction or explanatory sentence-final particle

が

ga — Subject marker or conjunctive particle meaning but

もし

moshi — If; supposing; in case (conditional opener)

たち

tachi — Plural suffix for people or animate beings

本性

honshō — True nature; innate character; one's real self

徳

toku — Virtue; moral excellence; goodness of character

や

ya — And; listing particle (non-exhaustive enumeration)

知恵

chie — Wisdom; intelligence; clever thinking; wit

へ

e — Toward; directional particle indicating movement

わずか

wazuka — Slight; mere; only a little; scarce

な

na — Adjectival connecting particle (na-adjective form)

傾向

keikou — Tendency; inclination; trend toward something

もつ

motsu — To have; to hold; to possess; to carry

こと

koto — Thing; fact; nominalizer for verbal phrases

でき

deki — Can do; be able to (stem of dekiru)

なら

nara — If; conditional form; given that; supposing

七

nana / shichi — Seven; the number 7

ヶ月

kagetsu — Months (counter for duration in months)

という

to iu — Called; known as; the so-called; that is

時間

jikan — Time; hours; a period or span of time

彼ら

karera — They; them; third-person plural pronoun

陥り

におちいり / ochiiri — Fall into; be prone to; succumb to

やすい

yasui — Easy to; prone to; tends to (suffix)

あらゆる

arayuru — Every; all possible; every kind of

悪徳

akutoku — Vice; immorality; wicked conduct or habit

と

to — And; with; quotation particle; together with

愚行

gukou — Foolish act; folly; stupid behavior or deed

矯正

kyousei — Correction; reform; rectification of bad behavior

する

suru — To do; to perform; to make happen

十分

juubun — Sufficient; enough; adequate; fully; thoroughly

期間

kikan — Period; term; span of time; duration

で

de — At; by means of; with (locative/instrumental particle)

あった

atta — Was; existed; there was (plain past of aru)

はず

hazu — Should be; expected to be; ought to

です

desu — Polite copula meaning is, am, or are

しかし

shikashi — However; but; nevertheless; yet; despite that

いかなる

ikanaru — Any; whatever; no matter what kind of

手紙

tegami — Letter; written correspondence sent to someone

において

ni oite — In; at; regarding; in the context of

も

mo — Also; too; even; as well (inclusive particle)

期待

kitai — Expectation; hope; anticipation of something good

応える

kotaeru — To respond to; to meet expectations; to satisfy

どころか

dokoro ka — Far from; let alone; quite the contrary

それどころか

sore dokoro ka — On the contrary; far from it; what's more

毎週

maishuu — Every week; weekly; each week

われわれ

wareware — We; us; formal first-person plural pronoun

使者

shisha — Messenger; envoy; person sent with a message

誹謗

hibou — Slander; defamation; speaking ill of someone

文書

bunsho — Document; written text; official or formal paper

解説書

kaisetsusho — Commentary; explanatory book; annotated guide

批評

hihyou — Criticism; critique; review; critical commentary

回想録

kaisouroku — Memoir; recollections; written record of memories

続編

zokuhen — Sequel; continuation; follow-up volume or part

など

nado — Et cetera; and so on; such things as

山ほど

yama hodo — A mountain of; heaps of; an enormous amount

持た

mota — Carry; hold (stem of motsu in causative)

せて

sete — Causative te-form (make/let someone do)

送りつけ

okurituke — Send forcibly; dump on; thrust upon someone

て

te — Te-form connective particle linking verb actions

き

ki — Come (stem of kuru in te-kuru construction)

ます

masu — Polite non-past auxiliary verb ending

中

naka / chuu — Inside; among; in the middle of

高位

koui — High rank; elevated position; high standing

政治家

seijika — Politician; statesman; public political figure

風刺

fuushi — Satire; irony; mocking social or political commentary

し

shi — Conjunctive verb stem or listing conjunction

人間

ningen — Human being; person; humanity; mankind

貶め

otoshime — Belittle; degrade; demean; disparage someone

いまだ

imada — Still; yet; even now; up to this point

そう

sou — So; that way; in that manner; like that

呼ぶ

yobu — To call; to name; to summon; to invite

厚かましさ

atsukamashisa — Impudence; shamelessness; audacity; brazen nerve

持っ

mot(te) — Have; hold; possess (te-form stem of motsu)

女性

josei — Woman; female; women in general

侮辱

bujoku — Insult; humiliation; contemptuous treatment of someone

非難

hinan — Criticism; blame; censure; condemnation of actions

さ

sa — Nominalization suffix or passive auxiliary component

れ

re — Passive auxiliary verb stem (from reru)

いる

iru — To be; to exist (for animate beings)

目

me — Eye; also used as ordinal suffix (-th)

また

mata — Also; again; moreover; furthermore; in addition

束

taba — Bundle; bunch; cluster of things tied together

書い

kai(te) — Write (te-form stem of kaku)

著者

chosha — Author; writer of a book or text

互い

tagai — Each other; mutual; reciprocal; one another

意見

iken — Opinion; view; one's thoughts on a matter

一致

icchi — Agreement; accord; consensus; being in harmony

ない

nai — Not; negative form; does not exist

気づき

kizuki — Noticing; realization; becoming aware of something

うち

uchi — Among; within; while; inside a group

ある

aru — To exist; to be; to have (inanimate)

者

mono / sha — Person; one who; individual (often in compounds)

自分

jibun — Oneself; one's own; myself; yourself

自身

jishin — Oneself; personally; one's very own self

旅行記

ryokoki — Travel journal; travelogue; account of a journey

よう

you — Seem; appear; like; manner; in order to

せ

se — Causative stem (make/let) from suru or su

ず

zu — Without doing; negative conjunctive verb form

全く

mattaku — Completely; entirely; utterly; not at all (neg.)

知ら

shira — Know (negative stem of shiru)

書物

kakimono / shomotsu — Book; written work; literary document

仕立て上げる

shitateru ageru — Fabricate; concoct; make something up entirely