Gulliver's Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World — Page 4

Vocabulary

ဤ

i — This; a formal demonstrative pronoun in written Burmese.

အပြောင်းအလဲ

a.pyaung: a.lɛ — Change; transformation; alteration of a situation.

များ

mya: — Many; plural marker or adjective meaning numerous.

နှင့်

hnin̥ — And; with; a conjunction linking nouns or clauses.

အခြားသော

a.khja: θɔ — Other; another; different from what was mentioned.

ပြုပြင်

pyu.pyin — To repair; to fix; to reform or correct something.

ပြောင်းလဲ

pyaung: lɛ — To change; to transform; to shift from one state.

မှု

hmu — Nominalization suffix turning verbs into abstract nouns.

ထောင်

htaung — Thousand; also means prison; to erect or set up.

ပေါင်း

paung: — To add; to combine; together; total sum of items.

ကို

ko — Object marker particle; indicates direct object of verb.

သင်

θin — You; second-person pronoun in standard Burmese.

၏

e — Possessive particle; formal genitive marker meaning 'of'.

အားပေး

a: pé — To encourage; to support; to give strength to someone.

ဖြင့်

hpyin̥ — With; by means of; instrumental or connective particle.

ကျွန်တော်

kjʊn̥.dɔ — I; first-person pronoun used formally by male speakers.

မှောင်

hmaung — Dark; darkness; absence of light; gloomy atmosphere.

ကြည့်

kji̤ — To look; to watch; to observe something carefully.

ခဲ့

khɛ̤ — Past tense marker; indicates an action already completed.

သည်

θi̤ — Present tense marker; topic or sentence-final particle.

အမှန်

a.hmɛn — Truth; reality; truly; the correct or real state.

ပင်

pin — Indeed; even; emphasis particle reinforcing a statement.

၎င်း

di.gin: — It; he; she; formal third-person pronoun in writing.

တို့

do̤ — Plural marker for pronouns; our; we; they (group).

စာအုပ်

sa.ouʔ — Book; a bound written or printed publication.

တွင်

twɪn — In; at; inside; locative particle indicating place or time.

ဖော်ပြ

pʰɔ pya — To describe; to explain; to express or illustrate clearly.

ထားသော

hta: θɔ — That has been placed or kept; past-state modifier particle.

သင်ခန်းစာ

θin.khan: sa — Lesson; a unit of instruction or learning material.

မှ

hma — From; since; ablative particle indicating origin or source.

ထင်ရှား

htin ʃa: — Prominent; obvious; clearly visible or well-known.

စွာ

swa — Adverbial suffix meaning in a manner; -ly in English.

နိုင်ငံ

nain̥.ŋan — Country; nation; a sovereign state or territory.

တကာ

ta.ga — International; universal; all; across all places.

သို့

θo̤ — To; toward; directional particle indicating destination.

ဆင်းသက်

sin: θɛʔ — To descend; to originate from; to come down from.

နိုင်သော

nain̥ θɔ — Able to; capable of; potential ability modifier.

အရာ

a.ya — Thing; matter; an object or subject being discussed.

ဖြစ်

hpjiʔ — To be; to become; to occur; existential verb.

ထို့

hto̤ — That; therefore; thus; demonstrative or connective word.

အပြင်

a.pyin — Outside; in addition to; beyond; exterior space.

ရက်ပေါင်း

jɛʔ paung: — Total number of days; combined count of days.

ခုနစ်လ

kʰu.niʔ la — Seven months; a duration of seven calendar months.

ကျရောက်

kja.jauʔ — To fall upon; to befall; to arrive at a situation.

တတ်သော

taʔ θɔ — Habitual or able modifier; one who tends to do.

ဒုစရိုက်

du.θa.jaiʔ — Misconduct; wrongdoing; immoral or criminal behavior.

မိုက်မဲ

maiʔ mɛ — Foolish; stupid; reckless and lacking good judgment.

တိုင်း

tain: — Every; each; all; region; also a division of Myanmar.

ပြင်ဆင်

pyin sin — To prepare; to fix; to get ready or make arrangements.

ရန်

jan — For the purpose of; in order to; infinitive marker.

လုံလောက်သော

loun laʔ θɔ — Sufficient; adequate; enough for a particular purpose.

အချိန်

a.tʃʰain — Time; a moment or period; scheduled or measured time.

ကြောင်း

kjaung: — Because; that; clause linker indicating reason or content.

အသိအမှတ်ပြု

a.θi a.hmɛʔ pyu — To recognize; to acknowledge; to give official recognition.

ရမည်

ja m̥i̤ — Must get; will have to; obligation or expectation marker.

သို့သော်

θo̤ θɔ — However; but; a conjunction indicating contrast or exception.

သဘော

θa.bɔ — Meaning; idea; disposition; nature of thought or intent.

သဘာဝ

Nature; natural state; the inherent character of things.

သဘာဝ

θa.ba.wɔ — Nature; natural state; the inherent character of things.

အနည်းဆုံး

a.ni: zoun: — At least; the minimum amount or number possible.

ဂုဏ်သိက္ခာ

goun θeiʔ kʰa — Dignity; honor; prestige; respectability of a person.

သို့မဟုတ်

θo̤ ma.houʔ — Or; otherwise; a conjunction presenting an alternative.

ပညာရှိ

pañña ʃi — Wise person; scholar; someone with knowledge and wisdom.

ဆီ

sì — To; toward; also means oil; directional or location marker.

ဦးတည်

ú tɪ̤ — To aim toward; to be directed at; to target something.

စိတ်ဓာတ်

seiʔ daʔ — Spirit; morale; mental attitude or psychological state.

ရှိ

ʃi — To exist; to have; to be present; existential verb.

နိုင်

nain̥ — Can; able to; to win; ability or possibility marker.

မည်

m̥i̤ — Will; future tense marker indicating anticipated action.

ဆို

sʰo — To say; to mean; quotative marker; if (conditional).

လျှင်

lʃin — If; when; conditional particle used in hypothetical clauses.

စာ

sa — Letter; writing; text; also means food informally.

မျှော်လင့်ချက်

mjɔ lin̥ tʃɛʔ — Hope; expectation; an optimistic outlook for the future.

ဖြည့်ဆည်း

hpji̤ zin: — To fulfill; to supplement; to supply what is lacking.

အလှမ်း

a.lʰan: — Distance; a gap or stretch between two points.

ဝေး

wé — Far; distant; far away from a place or person.

ဆန့်ကျင်

sʰɛn̥ tɕin — To oppose; to be against; contrary to something.

ဘက်

bɛʔ — Side; direction; party; toward a particular direction.

အားဖြင့်

a: hpyin̥ — By means of; through; in terms of; instrumental phrase.

အပတ်

a.paʔ — Week; a period of seven days; recurring weekly cycle.

သယ်ဆောင်

θɛ zʰaung — To carry; to transport; to bear or convey something.

သူ

θu — He; she; that person; third-person singular pronoun.

အသရေဖျက်

a.θa.jè pʰjɛʔ — To defame; to damage someone's reputation or honor.

သော့ချက်

θɔ tʃɛʔ — Key point; crux; the essential or critical element.

ထင်မြင်

htin mjin — To think; to have an opinion; to perceive or believe.

ချက်

tʃɛʔ — Point; immediately; a strike or key aspect of something.

မှတ်တမ်း

hmɛʔ tan: — Record; documentation; written account of events or facts.

ဒုတိယ

du.ti.ja — Second; the ordinal number second in a sequence.

ပိုင်း

pain: — Part; section; portion; to divide into sections.

တင်ဆောင်

tin zʰaung — To carry on board; to transport; to convey officially.

နေ

né — To stay; to live; continuous aspect marker; sun.

မြင့်မြတ်သော

mjin̥ mjɛʔ θɔ — Noble; exalted; lofty in character or moral standing.

နိုင်ငံရေး

nain̥.ŋan jé — Politics; political affairs; matters relating to governance.

သမား

θa.ma: — Person who does; practitioner; professional in a field.

ဝေဖန်

wè pʰɛn — To criticize; to review; to analyze with a critical eye.

ချောက်

tʃʰauʔ — Cliff; precipice; a dangerous steep drop or ravine.

ချ

tʃa — To lower; to drop down; to bring down forcefully.

ဟု

hu — Quotative particle meaning 'saying that'; as stated.

လူသား

lu θa: — Human being; humanity; a person as a species member.

နိမ့်ချ

nein̥ tʃa — To demean; to belittle; to lower someone's status.

ထို

hto — That; those; a demonstrative adjective pointing to something.

သတ္တိ

θaʔ ti — Courage; bravery; inner strength to face difficulty.

ခေါ်ဝေါ်

kʰɔ wɔ — To call; to name; to refer to by a particular term.

ဆဲ

sɛ — To scold; to insult verbally; to use abusive language.

အမျိုးသမီး

a.mjo: θa.mi: — Woman; female; a person of the female gender.

အနိုင်ကျင့်

a.nain̥ tɕin̥ — To bully; to use power to oppress or mistreat others.

စွပ်စွဲ

swɛʔ swɛ — To accuse; to allege; to charge someone with wrongdoing.

ခြင်း

tʃin: — Nominalization suffix turning verbs into abstract noun forms.

တွေ့မြင်

twḛ mjin — To encounter and see; to witness; to observe directly.

ရ

ja — To get; to obtain; to receive; possibility marker.

အထုပ်

a.htoʔ — Package; bundle; a wrapped or tied collection of items.

ရေးသား

jé θa: — To write; to compose; to author a written document.

ကြား

tɕja: — Between; among; to hear; the space between two things.

သဘောတူညီ

θa.bɔ tu ɲì — To agree; to reach consensus; to be in mutual agreement.

မ

ma — Negation prefix; not; used to negate verbs and adjectives.

လည်း

lɛ: — Also; too; as well; additive particle for inclusion.

တွေ့

twḛ — To meet; to find; to encounter someone or something.

အချို့

a.tʃo̤ — Some; a few; certain ones among a larger group.

ကိုယ်တိုင်

ko tain — Oneself; personally; doing something by one's own self.

ခရီးသွား

kʰa.jí θwa: — To travel; a traveler; journey to a destination.

အဖြစ်

a.hpjiʔ — As; in the role of; in the capacity or state of.

လက်ခံ

lɛʔ kʰan — To accept; to receive; to acknowledge and embrace something.

ငြင်းဆန်

ɲin: sʰɛn — To refuse; to reject; to decline an offer or request.

ကြ

kja — Plural verb marker; together; indicates collective action.

ပြီး

pjí — After; finished; completion marker for an action done.

အခြား

a.khja: — Other; another; different; referring to something else.

က

ka — Subject marker particle; indicates the agent of a verb.

မူ

mu — As for; topic-emphasizing contrast particle in sentences.

ထိတွေ့

hti twḛ — To touch; to come into contact with; to interact with.

ဖူးသော

pʰú θɔ — Having experienced; ever done; past-experience modifier.

ကျွန်တော့်

kjʊn̥.dɔ̤ — My; belonging to me; possessive form of male first-person.

ပြုလုပ်

pyu louʔ — To do; to perform; to carry out an action or task.