Heart of Darkness — Page 3

Vocabulary

နောက်ဆုံး

nauk hsoun: — Last, final, most recent of a series

တွင်

twìn — In, at, within a place or context

ကွေး

kwé: — To bend, curve, or bow something

ညွတ်

ñwut — To bend downward, bow, or incline

မသိ

ma thi — To not know, be unaware of something

မသာ

ma tha — Unwell, uncomfortable, not feeling good

ကျ

ca — To fall, drop down, descend

ဆင်း

hsín: — To descend, go down, come down

လာ

la — To come, arrive toward the speaker

သော

thaw — Relative clause marker, equivalent to 'which/that'

နေ

né — To stay, live, reside; also sun

သည်

thì — Subject marker or present tense sentence particle

နိမ့်

naìm̥ — Low, short in height, inferior in level

ချ

hca — To lower, put down, place downward

ကာ

ka — Continuative particle; also to shield or block

တောက်

taut — To gleam, flash, shine brightly

ဖြူ

phyu — White, pale in color

ညောင်း

ñaung: — To ache, feel sore or fatigued

ရောင်

yaung — Color, hue, shade of light

မှ

hmha — From, since; also only, just (emphatic)

ခြည်

hcì — Ray of light, beam, thread or fiber

မဲ့

mɛ̀ — Lacking, without; also to make a face

အပူ

a pu — Heat, warmth, thermal energy

ဓာတ်

dat — Element, chemical substance, energy force

မှိန်

hmein — Dim, faded, dull in brightness

နီ

ni — Red in color

သို့

thó — To, toward a destination or direction

ပြောင်း

pyaung: — To change, transform, switch to another

လဲ

lɛ: — To fall over; also interrogative/emphatic particle

သွား

thwá: — To go, leave, move away from speaker

လေ

lé — Wind, air; also a mild sentence particle

လူ

lu — Person, human being, people

အုပ်

ouʔ — To cover, rule over; a group or flock

ကြီး

ji: — Big, large, great in size or importance

အပေါ်

a pau — Above, on top, upper part

လွမ်း

lwún: — To miss someone, feel nostalgic or longing

မိုး

mó: — Rain; also sky or heavens

ထို

htó — That, those (demonstrative pronoun)

မှောင်

hmaung — Dark, dim, gloomy darkness

မိုက်

maik — Stupid, foolish; also dark and murky

မှု

hmu — Matter, affair, case, nominal suffix

ကြောင့်

jàung̥ — Because of, due to, owing to

ရုတ်

yout — Sudden, abrupt; to pull out quickly

တရက်

ta yɛʔ — Suddenly, abruptly, all at once

ငြိမ်း

nyein: — To be extinguished, pacified, or calmed

တော့

tɔ̀ — Sentence particle indicating contrast or conclusion

မည့်

mì̥ — Future tense marker, will/shall do something

ဟန်

hán — Manner, style, appearance, pose

ဖြစ်

phyit — To be, become, happen, occur

ချက်

hcɛʔ — Immediately; a strike or blow; cooking

ချင်း

jín: — Mutual action particle; Chin ethnic group

ပင်

pin — Indeed, even, just; also a plant or tree

ရေ

yé — Water; also a particle addressing someone

များ

myá: — Many, much, plural marker

ပေါ်

pɔ̀ — On, upon, on top of a surface

တစ်ခု

ta hku — One thing, a single item or unit

ငြိမ်

nyein — Quiet, still, calm, motionless

သက်

thɛʔ — Life, age, breath; to affect or concern

အသွင်

a thwin — Appearance, form, shape, likeness

ထက်

htɛʔ — More than, above, sharper or keener

မြက်

myɛʔ — Grass, blade of grass

နည်း

né: — Method, way; few, little in quantity

ပါး

pá: — Thin; cheek of the face

သော်

thɔ̀ — Although, even though, but (concessive)

လည်း

lɛ́ — Also, too, as well, even

ပို

pó — More, even more, to a greater degree

နက်

nɛʔ — Deep, profound, dark and deep

နဲ

nɛ — With, and; also colloquial sentence particle

ကမ်း

ká̃: — Shore, bank, edge of water

ထိုင်

htaing — To sit, to be seated

မျိုး

myó: — Kind, type, sort, species, race

အတွက်

a twɛʔ — For, for the sake of, regarding

ခေတ်

khɛʔ — Era, age, period, modern times

အဆက်

a hsɛʔ — Connection, continuation, series, lineage

ဆက်

hsɛʔ — To continue, connect, carry on

ကောင်း

kaung: — Good, fine, excellent, nice

စွာ

swa — Adverbial suffix meaning '-ly, in a manner'

အမှု

a hmu — Matter, affair, legal case, concern

ထမ်း

htán: — To carry on the shoulder or back

ပြီး

pyí: — After, finished, already completed

နောက်

nauk — After, behind, next, rear

မြစ်

myit — River, large flowing body of water

ဟောင်း

haung: — Old, worn out, ancient, used

ကျယ်

cɛ̀ — Wide, broad, spacious, loud

ပြန့်

pyán̥ — To spread out, extend, be widespread

လေး

lé: — Four; also heavy; endearing diminutive particle

လပ်

laʔ — Empty, bare, vacant, hollow

နေ့

né̥ — Day, daytime

ကြွေ

jwe — To fall as petals; ceramic, porcelain

ချိန်

hcein — Time, moment, period; to aim or measure

အနား

a ná: — Beside, near, next to something

ယူ

yu — To take, to get, to obtain

မြေ

myé — Earth, ground, land, soil

ရှိ

shi — To exist, be present, have

အဝေး

a wé: — Far away, distant place

ဆုံး

hsoun: — To end, perish; superlative suffix '-est'

ရာ

ya — Hundred; place; nominalizer suffix

ဦး

ú: — Head; first; honorific title for men

တည်

tì — To establish, stand firm, be stable

ကြောင်း

jàung: — Reason, fact; nominalizing complement particle

လမ်း

lán: — Road, path, way, route

ဂုဏ်

goun — Honor, dignity, prestige, merit

သိက္ခာ

theikhkha — Dignity, self-respect, moral integrity

နှင့်

hnin̥ — And, with, together with

အတူ

a tu — Together, jointly, at the same time

ကျွန်ုပ်

cənoup — I, me (formal first-person pronoun)

တို့

tó — Plural marker for pronouns and nouns

မြတ်

myat — Noble, precious, sacred, exalted

နိုး

nó: — To wake up, rouse, be alert

ဖွယ်

phwɛ̀ — Worthy of, deserving, likely to

ကို

ko — Object marker, accusative case particle

ရောက်

yauk — To arrive, reach a destination

ထာ

hta — Eternal, everlasting (used in religious contexts)

ကွာ

kwa — To be apart, differ, be separated

ခွာ

khwa — To leave, depart, separate from

တို

to — Short, brief in length or height

တောင်း

taung: — To request, ask for, beg

တစ်

ta — One, a single (numeral/article)

ရက်

yɛʔ — Day of the month; bold or daring

အရောင်

a yaung — Color, hue, brightness, luster

မ

ma — Negation prefix meaning 'not, un-'

ကြည့်

jì̥ — To look at, watch, observe

ဘဲ

bɛ: — Without doing; duck (animal)

မြဲ

myɛ: — Permanent, lasting, steadfast, firm

အမှတ်

a hmut — Memory, mark, number, symbol

အလင်း

a lin: — Light, brightness, illumination

ရှု

shu — To look at, view, breathe in

ကြ

ja — Plural action particle for multiple subjects

အမှန်

a hmán — Truth, reality, what is correct

စကား

sa ká: — Word, speech, conversation, language

အသုံး

a thoun: — Use, usage, application of something

အနှုန်း

a hnoun: — Rate, term, expression, phrase

အရ

a ya — According to, based on, from

ရိုသေ

yo thé — To respect, revere, show reverence

မေတ္တာ

meitta — Loving-kindness, goodwill, benevolence

ဖြင့်

phyin̥ — With, by means of, through (instrumental)

ပင်လယ်

pin lɛ̀ — Sea, ocean, large body of saltwater

လိုက်

laik — To follow, go along with, pursue

ခဲ့

khɛ̀ — Past tense particle indicating completed action

သူ

thu — He, she, they, that person

သေမ်း

thé: — To die, pass away (poetic form)

အောက်

aut — Below, under, beneath, lower part

ပိုင်း

páin: — Part, section, half; to divide

ရှေး

shé: — Ancient, old, former, long ago

ဝိညာဉ်

winyán — Spirit, soul, spiritual essence

ထပ်

htat — To add, repeat, again, another layer

မြောက်

myauk — North; to succeed, be completed

မြား

myá: — Arrow; plural intensifier particle

စေ

sé — To cause, make someone do something

လွယ်

lwɛ̀ — Easy, simple, not difficult

ကူ

ku — To help, assist, aid someone

အရာ

a ya — Thing, matter, object, item

ပေ

pé — Foot (unit); particle of mild assertion

သမတ်

tha mat — President, head of state

တည်း

tɛ̀: — Only, sole; also a particle of assertion

ဆောင်

hsaung — To carry out, undertake, bear along

ရွက်

ywɛʔ — Leaf of a plant; to carry out

လှိုင်း

hlain: — Wave of water or sound, ripple

စီး

sí: — To ride, flow; current of water

က

ka — Subject or agent case marker particle

အိမ်

ein — House, home, dwelling place

ဟုတ်

hout — Yes, true, correct, right (affirmative)

စစ်

sit — War, military; also real, genuine, true

ပွဲ

pwɛ: — Festival, event, ceremony, performance

သယ်

thɛ̀ — To carry, transport, bring along

သင်္ဘော

thin baw — Ship, large boat, vessel

ပြည့်

pyì̥ — Full, complete, entire, filled up

နှက်

hnɛʔ — To soak, saturate, drench thoroughly

ဆာ

hsa — To be hungry, to hunger

ရန်

yan — Enemy; purpose, aim; in order to

ရိတ်

yeit — To reap, harvest, cut crops

လင်

lin — Husband; a male person

အထိ

a hti — Until, up to, as far as

ဘွဲ့

bwɛ̀ — Title, degree, academic qualification

ထူး

htu: — Special, exceptional, outstanding, unique

ရ

ya — To get, obtain, receive, can do

ရဲ

yɛ: — Brave, bold; police; topic particle

လှည့်

hlɛ̥̀ — To turn, spin, rotate, trick

လည်

lɛ̀ — To rotate, go around; neck (anatomy)

ဆင်

hsin — Elephant; to think carefully, devise

နှဲ

hnɛ: — Reed flute, traditional Burmese flute instrument

နိုင်ငံ

naing ngan — Country, nation, state

တော်

tɔ̀ — Royal, skilled; to be suitable or worthy

တိုင်း

táin: — Every, all; region; to measure or complain

သိ

thi — To know, understand, be aware of

ကျွမ်း

cún: — To be skilled, expert, proficient in

ဝန်

wun — Minister, official; burden, weight, load

ပေး

pé: — To give, offer, provide to someone