History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire — Volume 1 — Page 10

Vocabulary

这

zhè — This; referring to something nearby or just mentioned.

两位

liǎng wèi — Two people (polite measure word for persons).

作者

zuò zhě — Author; person who wrote a work.

几乎

jī hū — Almost; nearly; very close to completely.

完全

wán quán — Completely; entirely; totally without exception.

遵循

zūn xún — To follow; to adhere to a principle or order.

编年

biān nián — Chronological; arranged by year or date.

顺序

shùn xù — Order; sequence; arrangement in a set pattern.

其

qí — Its; his; her; their (formal pronoun).

结果

jié guǒ — Result; outcome; consequence of an action.

是

shì — To be; is/are/was (linking verb).

我们

wǒ men — We; us; first-person plural pronoun.

被迫

bèi pò — Forced; compelled to do something against one's will.

一再

yī zài — Repeatedly; again and again; time after time.

中断

zhōng duàn — To interrupt; to suspend; break off midway.

又

yòu — Again; also; additionally; once more.

不断

bù duàn — Continuously; without stopping; incessantly.

重拾

chóng shí — To pick up again; to resume something dropped.

帝国

dì guó — Empire; a large realm ruled by an emperor.

各地

gè dì — Various places; everywhere throughout a region.

六

liù — Six; the number 6.

七

qī — Seven; the number 7.

八

bā — Eight; the number 8.

场

chǎng — Measure word for events, battles, or performances.

战争

zhàn zhēng — War; armed conflict between groups or nations.

的

de — Structural particle indicating possession or modification.

线索

xiàn suǒ — Clue; thread; narrative or investigative lead.

为了

wèi le — In order to; for the sake of a purpose.

宫廷

gōng tíng — Imperial court; the palace and its affairs.

阴谋

yīn móu — Conspiracy; secret plot with harmful intentions.

而

ér — But; and; yet (conjunctive linking particle).

搁置

gē zhì — To shelve; to set aside; to postpone indefinitely.

军事

jūn shì — Military; relating to armed forces and warfare.

远征

yuǎn zhēng — Expedition; long-distance military campaign.

行动

xíng dòng — Action; operation; movement toward a goal.

从

cóng — From; starting from a place, time, or point.

围城

wéi chéng — Siege; surrounding a city in military operation.

之战

zhī zhàn — Battle of; war involving a specified place or event.

匆匆

cōng cōng — Hastily; hurriedly; in a rushed manner.

转向

zhuǎn xiàng — To shift direction; to turn toward something else.

一场

yī chǎng — One instance of an event, battle, or meeting.

朝议

cháo yì — Court deliberation; official debate in imperial court.

同一

tóng yī — Same; identical; one and the same.

页面

yè miàn — Page; a single page of a document or book.

既

jì — Both…and; already; since (connective adverb).

将

jiāng — Will; to be about to; future action marker.

置于

zhì yú — To place in; to put within a context or situation.

对抗

duì kàng — To oppose; to resist; confrontation against adversary.

蛮族

mán zú — Barbarian tribes; uncivilized peoples from outside.

战役

zhàn yì — Campaign; a military operation or battle series.

之中

zhī zhōng — Within; in the middle of; amid something.

带入

dài rù — To bring into; to lead into a situation or context.

基督

Jī dū — Christ; referring to Jesus Christ in Christianity.

争

zhēng — Dispute; controversy; to argue or contend over.

深处

shēn chù — Deep within; the innermost or remotest part.

在

zài — In; at; located at a place or time.

著作

zhù zuò — Written work; scholarly or literary publication.

中

zhōng — In; within; inside; middle of something.

确切

què qiē — Exact; precise; definite and clearly accurate.

年代

nián dài — Era; decade; a specific period in history.

未必

wèi bì — Not necessarily; may not always be the case.

总是

zǒng shì — Always; invariably; at all times without exception.

易于

yì yú — Easy to; readily done; simple to accomplish.

记忆

jì yì — Memory; to remember; the ability to recall.

但

dàn — But; however; introducing a contrasting statement.

事件

shì jiàn — Event; incident; a significant occurrence or happening.

脉络

mài luò — Context; thread; the connecting logic of events.

始终

shǐ zhōng — Always; from beginning to end; consistently throughout.

清晰

qīng xī — Clear; distinct; easy to see or understand.

分明

fēn míng — Clearly defined; distinctly apparent; unmistakably evident.

犹如

yóu rú — Just like; as if; resembling closely.

一位

yī wèi — One person (polite measure word for individuals).

运筹帷幄

yùn chóu wéi wò — Mastermind strategy; plan brilliantly from headquarters.

将帅

jiàng shuài — Commander; military general of high rank.

尽管

jǐn guǎn — Although; even though; despite the fact that.

麾下

huī xià — Under one's command; troops under a general.

兵马

bīng mǎ — Troops and horses; military forces; armed personnel.

最

zuì — Most; the superlative degree marker.

遥远

yáo yuǎn — Distant; far away; remote in space or time.

迥异

jiǒng yì — Vastly different; strikingly unlike; completely distinct.

四方

sì fāng — All directions; four corners; everywhere around.

推进

tuī jìn — To advance; to push forward; to drive progress.

却

què — Yet; but; however; expressing contrast or surprise.

向

xiàng — Toward; facing; in the direction of.

目标

mù biāo — Target; goal; objective one aims to achieve.

汇聚

huì jù — To converge; to gather together from various directions.

那个

nà ge — That one; referring to a specific thing or person.

罗马

Luó mǎ — Rome; the ancient city and empire of Rome.

之名

zhī míng — By the name of; in the name of something.

与

yǔ — And; with; together with (conjunction).

衰落

shuāi luò — Decline; to fall into decay or reduced power.

权势

quán shì — Power and influence; authority and political strength.

所

suǒ — Particle indicating passive or relativized structure.

占据

zhàn jù — To occupy; to hold; to take possession of.

中心

zhōng xīn — Center; the core or focal point of something.

无论

wú lùn — No matter; regardless of; whether or not.

他

tā — He; him; third-person masculine singular pronoun.

追溯

zhuī sù — To trace back; to investigate historical origins.

敌对

dí duì — Hostile; antagonistic; in opposition to each other.

宗教

zōng jiào — Religion; a system of spiritual belief and practice.

演进

yǎn jìn — Evolution; gradual development and change over time.

还是

hái shì — Or; still; used in alternatives and questions.

引领

yǐn lǐng — To guide; to lead; to direct someone forward.

波罗的海

Bō luó dì Hǎi — The Baltic Sea; sea in northern Europe.

之滨

zhī bīn — Shore of; banks or coast of a body of water.

或

huò — Or; either; alternatively between two options.

中华帝国

Zhōng huá Dì guó — Chinese Empire; the imperial state of China.

边陲

biān chuí — Frontier; remote border region of a country.

相继

xiāng jì — In succession; one after another; consecutively.

涌来

yǒng lái — To surge forth; to rush in like a wave.

大军

dà jūn — Great army; a large military force.

一波

yī bō — One wave; one surge of force or movement.

余势

yú shì — Remaining momentum; residual force after an action.

未尽

wèi jìn — Not yet exhausted; still remaining; not fully spent.

另一波

lìng yī bō — Another wave; a different surge of force or events.

已然

yǐ rán — Already; having already become the case.

涌起

yǒng qǐ — To rise up; to surge upward; to well up.

滚滚而来

gǔn gǔn ér lái — Rolling in massively; surging forward relentlessly in waves.

一切

yī qiè — Everything; all things; the totality of something.

皆被

jiē bèi — All being; each and every one is subjected to.

导向

dǎo xiàng — To direct toward; to channel in a certain direction.

方向

fāng xiàng — Direction; orientation; the way something is headed.

每一

měi yī — Each; every single one individually.

股

gǔ — Measure word for streams, forces, or strands.

力量

lì liàng — Force; strength; power of an entity or movement.

对

duì — On; toward; with regard to something.

摇摇欲坠

yáo yáo yù zhuì — Tottering on the verge of collapse; extremely precarious.

伟业

wěi yè — Great enterprise; magnificent achievement or undertaking.

留下

liú xià — To leave behind; to make a lasting mark or trace.

印记

yìn jì — Imprint; mark; lasting trace left on something.

那些

nà xiē — Those; referring to multiple previously mentioned things.

运动

yùn dòng — Movement; campaign; organized social or military activity.

彼此

bǐ cǐ — Each other; one another; mutually between two sides.

关联

guān lián — To be connected; interrelated; having mutual association.

并

bìng — And; also; moreover; in addition (conjunction).

衡量

héng liáng — To measure; to evaluate; to assess and weigh.

出

chū — Out; to produce or reveal a result.

它们

tā men — They; them; third-person plural for non-human things.

这部

zhè bù — This volume; this work (referring to a book).

全景式

quán jǐng shì — Panoramic; comprehensive; presenting an all-encompassing view.

历史

lì shǐ — History; the study or record of past events.

各自

gè zì — Each respectively; individually; on their own part.

赋予

fù yǔ — To bestow; to endow with; to assign importance.

相对

xiāng duì — Relative; comparative; in relation to something else.

分量

fèn liàng — Weight; significance; the relative importance of something.