History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire — Volume 1 — Page 9

Vocabulary

正是

zhèng shì — precisely; exactly; it is exactly the case

在

zài — in; at; located at a place or time

这种

zhè zhǒng — this kind of; this type of

崇高

chóng gāo — lofty; sublime; noble and elevated in character

哥特式

Gē tè shì — Gothic style, referring to medieval European aesthetic

建筑

jiàn zhù — architecture; building; construction

风格

fēng gé — style; manner; characteristic artistic approach

著作

zhù zuò — written work; literary or scholarly publication

结构

jié gòu — structure; framework; organization of parts

其中

qí zhōng — among them; within it; therein

无限

wú xiàn — infinite; unlimited; boundless in extent

广阔

guǎng kuò — vast; broad; expansive in space or scope

范围

fàn wéi — scope; range; extent of an area or subject

无穷无尽

wú qióng wú jìn — endless; inexhaustible; without limit or end

变化

biàn huà — change; variation; transformation over time

乍看

zhà kàn — at first glance; upon initial appearance

之下

zhī xià — beneath; under; below a certain condition

各

gè — each; every; various individual items

部分

bù fen — part; portion; section of a whole

协调

xié tiáo — harmonious; coordinated; in agreement or balance

华丽

huá lì — magnificent; ornate; splendid in appearance

却

què — yet; but; however, indicating contrast

无不

wú bù — without exception; all; none fails to

从属于

cóng shǔ yú — subordinate to; subject to; belonging under something

主要

zhǔ yào — main; primary; most important

主导

zhǔ dǎo — dominant; leading; guiding principle or force

思想

sī xiǎng — thought; idea; ideology; way of thinking

无与伦比

wú yǔ lún bǐ — incomparable; unmatched; without equal or rival

不得不

bù dé bù — cannot but; have no choice but to

钦佩

qīn pèi — admire; have deep respect and admiration for

汇聚

huì jù — converge; gather together; assemble materials or elements

材料

cái liào — material; data; source material for writing

方式

fāng shì — method; way; manner of doing something

以及

yǐ jí — as well as; and; together with

将

jiāng — will; to take; particle indicating future or action

史实

shǐ shí — historical fact; documented event from history

按

àn — according to; based on; following a rule

先后

xiān hòu — in sequence; one after another; successively

分组

fēn zǔ — divide into groups; categorize; sort into sets

排列

pái liè — arrange; line up; organize in order

方法

fāng fǎ — method; approach; technique for doing something

依照

yī zhào — according to; in accordance with; following

顺序

shùn xù — sequence; order; successive arrangement

而是

ér shì — but rather; instead; on the contrary

依据

yī jù — basis; according to; grounded on evidence

其

qí — its; their; his/her (formal third-person possessive)

道德

dào dé — morality; ethics; moral principles and values

或

huò — or; either; alternatively

政治

zhèng zhì — politics; political affairs and governance

关联

guān lián — connection; correlation; relationship between things

以

yǐ — with; by means of; using

清晰

qīng xī — clear; distinct; lucid and easy to perceive

笔触

bǐ chù — brushstroke; writing touch; style of expression

标示出

biāo shì chū — mark out; indicate clearly; delineate with precision

逐渐

zhú jiàn — gradually; step by step; progressively over time

加深

jiā shēn — deepen; intensify; make more profound or severe

衰败

shuāi bài — decline; decay; deterioration of power or condition

时期

shí qī — period; era; a particular span of time

虽

suī — although; even though; despite

循

xún — follow; trace along; proceed according to

各自

gè zì — each; respective; individually on one's own

平行

píng xíng — parallel; running side by side simultaneously

历史

lì shǐ — history; the record of past events

线索

xiàn suǒ — thread; clue; narrative thread connecting events

推进

tuī jìn — advance; push forward; make progress

揭示

jiē shì — reveal; disclose; bring hidden things to light

宗教

zōng jiào — religion; religious belief and institution

世俗

shì sú — secular; worldly; of civil rather than religious nature

变革

biàn gé — reform; transformation; fundamental change in system

无论

wú lùn — regardless of; no matter; whether or not

迟缓

chí huǎn — slow; sluggish; lacking speed or urgency

还是

hái shì — or; still; whether … or …

迅速

xùn sù — rapid; swift; occurring with great speed

所

suǒ — particle forming noun phrases with verbs

共同

gòng tóng — common; shared; jointly held by all parties

趋向

qū xiàng — tend toward; trend; inclination in a direction

那种

nà zhǒng — that kind of; that type of

技巧

jì qiǎo — skill; technique; artful proficiency in craft

尽管

jǐn guǎn — although; even though; despite the fact that

写作

xiě zuò — writing; the act of composing written works

原则

yuán zé — principle; fundamental rule guiding behavior or thought

可能

kě néng — possible; maybe; might; potential occurrence

要求

yāo qiú — require; demand; expectation placed on someone

读者

dú zhě — reader; person who reads a text

付出

fù chū — pay; expend; invest effort or resources

超乎寻常

chāo hū xún cháng — extraordinary; beyond the ordinary; unusually exceptional

注意力

zhù yì lì — attention; the capacity to focus mentally

但

dàn — but; however; yet; introducing a contrast

唯有

wéi yǒu — only by; it is only through this way

如此

rú cǐ — thus; in this way; like this

才能

cái néng — only then can; talent; ability (context-dependent)

事件

shì jiàn — event; incident; significant occurrence

真实

zhēn shí — true; real; authentic; reflecting actual facts

进程

jìn chéng — process; course; progression of events over time

及其

jí qí — and its; along with its; together with their

相对

xiāng duì — relative; comparative; in relation to something else

重要性

zhòng yào xìng — importance; significance; degree of consequence

铭刻

míng kè — engrave; inscribe deeply; imprint on memory

于

yú — in; at; on; formal preposition of location

记忆

jì yì — memory; recollection; ability to remember things

之中

zhī zhōng — within; among; in the midst of

凡

fán — whoever; all those who; any that

欲

yù — wish to; desire to; want to do something

公正

gōng zhèng — fair; just; impartial in judgment

体会

tǐ huì — appreciate; experience and understand deeply

布局

bù jú — layout; overall arrangement; structural plan

之

zhī — formal possessive or linking particle (classical)

卓越

zhuó yuè — outstanding; excellent; remarkably superior

者

zhě — one who; person that; nominalizing suffix

不妨

bù fáng — may as well; might as well; no harm in trying

尝试

cháng shì — try; attempt; make an effort to do something

通读

tōng dú — read through completely; read from start to finish

规整

guī zhěng — orderly; regular; neatly and systematically arranged

令人生厌

lìng rén shēng yàn — tedious; causing boredom or disgust in readers

编年史

biān nián shǐ — chronicle; annals; history arranged by year

乃至

nǎi zhì — even; up to and including; going as far as

稍显

shāo xiǎn — slightly; somewhat; appearing a little too much

轻薄

qīng bó — frivolous; shallow; lacking in depth or substance

卷册

juàn cè — volumes; books; bound collections of written work