Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel — Page 13

Vocabulary

Il

il — Masculine singular definite article meaning 'the'

Conte

kon-te — A nobleman holding the title of count

a

a — Preposition meaning 'at', 'to', or 'in'

Parigi

pa-ri-ji — The Italian name for the city of Paris

La

la — Feminine singular definite article meaning 'the'

Regina

re-ji-na — A female monarch who rules a kingdom

e

e — Conjunction meaning 'and', connecting words or clauses

le

le — Feminine plural definite article meaning 'the'

la

la — Feminine singular definite article meaning 'the'

Figlio

fi-lyo — A male child or son of a parent

Adottivo

a-dot-ti-vo — Relating to someone legally adopted into a family

della

del-la — Contraction of 'di' and 'la', meaning 'of the'

L'

l — Elided definite article before a vowel meaning 'the'

Hotel

o-tel — An establishment providing lodging and services for guests

Scioglimento

shol-yi-men-to — The act of dissolving, disbanding, or breaking up something

Congedo

kon-je-do — A farewell, leave of absence, or formal dismissal

Passeggiata

pas-sed-ja-ta — A leisurely stroll or walk taken for pleasure

l'

l — Elided definite article before a vowel meaning 'the'

Epigramma

e-pi-gram-ma — A short witty or satirical poem or inscription

Cena

che-na — The evening meal, typically the main meal of day

in

in — Preposition meaning 'in', 'at', or 'into'

Famiglia

fa-mi-lya — A group of related persons living together as a unit

Una

u-na — Feminine indefinite article meaning 'a' or 'an'

Visita

vi-zi-ta — A short trip to see a person or place

Morte

mor-te — The end of life; the state of being dead

dell'

del — Contraction of 'di' and 'l'', meaning 'of the'

Elettore

e-let-to-re — A prince with the right to elect the Holy Roman Emperor

di

di — Preposition meaning 'of', 'from', or 'about'

Baviera

ba-vje-ra — The Italian name for the German state of Bavaria

Pagina

pa-ji-na — A single leaf or side of paper in a book

Storia

sto-rja — The study of past events; a narrative or tale

Imperatore

im-pe-ra-to-re — A male ruler of an empire, supreme sovereign

come

ko-me — Conjunction or adverb meaning 'as', 'like', or 'how'

Comandante

ko-man-dan-te — A person holding military command over troops or forces

Capo

ka-po — A leader, chief, or head of a group

Negoziati

ne-go-tsja-ti — Formal discussions aimed at reaching an agreement

Segreti

se-gre-ti — Things kept hidden or known only to a few

per

per — Preposition meaning 'for', 'through', or 'by'

Pace

pa-che — The state of freedom from conflict or war

Discordia

dis-kor-dja — Conflict, disagreement, or lack of harmony between people

Fraterna

fra-ter-na — Relating to or involving brothers; brotherly in nature

Sconfitta

skon-fit-ta — A loss in battle or competition; being overcome by opponent

Vendetta

ven-det-ta — A prolonged feud with acts of retaliation or revenge

Lettera

let-te-ra — A written message sent from one person to another

all'

all — Contraction of 'a' and 'l'', meaning 'to the'

Imperatrice

im-pe-ra-tri-che — A female ruler of an empire or emperor's wife

Russia

rus-sja — A large country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia

Gratitudine

gra-ti-tu-di-ne — A feeling of thankfulness toward someone for kindness received

dei

de-i — Contraction of 'di' and 'i', meaning 'of the' (masculine plural)

Principi

prin-chi-pi — Male members of a royal family; princes

il

il — Masculine singular definite article meaning 'the'

Grande

gran-de — An adjective meaning great, large, or important

Ora

o-ra — The current moment in time; also means 'hour'

più

pju — Adverb meaning 'more' or 'most', indicating greater degree

Buia

bu-ja — Feminine adjective meaning dark, gloomy, or without light

è

e — Third person singular present tense of 'essere', meaning 'is'

Prima

pri-ma — Adverb or adjective meaning 'before' or 'first'

Alba

al-ba — The first light of day; dawn or sunrise

sua

su-a — Third person singular possessive adjective meaning 'his' or 'her'

Madre

ma-dre — A female parent; a woman who has given birth

Principe

prin-chi-pe — A male member of a royal or noble family

Ambasciatore

am-ba-sha-to-re — An official diplomat representing their country abroad

Prussiano

prus-sja-no — Relating to or originating from the kingdom of Prussia

Austriaco

au-stri-a-ko — Relating to or originating from the country of Austria

Zarina

tsa-ri-na — A female ruler or emperor's wife in imperial Russia

suo

su-o — Third person singular possessive adjective meaning 'his' or 'her'

Signore

si-nyo-re — A respectful title for a man; also means 'lord'

Diplomatica

di-plo-ma-ti-ka — Relating to international relations and skilled negotiation

Kaiser

kai-zer — The German title for an emperor, especially of Austria

IL

il — Masculine singular definite article meaning 'the' (capitalized)

REGNO

re-nyo — A kingdom or realm ruled by a monarch

DI

di — Preposition meaning 'of', 'from', or 'about' (capitalized)

Giuramento

ju-ra-men-to — A solemn promise or oath sworn before witnesses

Banchiere

ban-kje-re — A person who owns or manages a banking institution

Figlia

fi-lya — A female child or daughter of a parent

Contessa

kon-tes-sa — A noblewoman holding the title of countess

Espulsione

es-pul-sjo-ne — The act of forcing someone out of a place

delle

del-le — Contraction of 'di' and 'le', meaning 'of the' (feminine plural)

Clarisse

kla-ris-se — Members of the Order of Poor Ladies, a Catholic religious order

Scorta

skor-ta — A protective escort accompanying someone on a journey

del

del — Contraction of 'di' and 'il', meaning 'of the' (masculine)

Libello

li-bel-lo — A written defamatory statement attacking someone's reputation

I

i — Masculine plural definite article meaning 'the'

Supplicanti

sup-pli-kan-ti — People who humbly beg or petition for something

Dama

da-ma — A noblewoman or lady of high social standing

Patronessa

pa-tro-nes-sa — A female patron who supports or sponsors a cause

Due

du-e — The Italian cardinal number meaning two

Giuramenti

ju-ra-men-ti — Solemn promises or oaths sworn before witnesses (plural)

Esequie

e-ze-kwje — Funeral rites or ceremonies honoring a deceased person

alla

al-la — Contraction of 'a' and 'la', meaning 'to the' or 'in the'

Moda

mo-da — Fashion; a popular or current style or trend

Nuova

nwo-va — Feminine adjective meaning new, recent, or modern

Papa

pa-pa — The head of the Roman Catholic Church; the Pope

Vienna

vjen-na — The capital city of Austria, historically significant in Europe

Fuga

fu-ga — A hasty escape or flight from a place or situation

Matrimonio

ma-tri-mo-njo — The legal union of two people as spouses

davanti

da-van-ti — Preposition or adverb meaning 'before' or 'in front of'

Dio

di-o — The supreme being or deity; God

Parco

par-ko — A large area of land with trees and open spaces

Colonnello

ko-lon-nel-lo — A high-ranking military officer commanding a regiment

Partenza

par-ten-tsa — The act of leaving or departing from a place

Respingimento

res-pin-ji-men-to — The act of pushing back, rejecting, or repelling something

Berlina

ber-li-na — A type of enclosed horse-drawn carriage; also Berlin (city)

Nemesi

ne-me-zi — Retributive justice or an inescapable agent of downfall