Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel — Page 10

Vocabulary

Tiền

Tiền — Money, currency used for transactions

bản

bản — Version, copy, or original document

quyền

quyền — Right, power, or authority over something

phải

phải — Must, have to; also means 'right/correct'

được

được — To be able to; indicates permission or achievement

trả

trả — To pay back or return something owed

cho

cho — To give; for; used as a preposition

Quỹ

Quỹ — Fund, a pool of money for specific purpose

Lưu

Lưu — To store, preserve, or keep something

trữ

trữ — To store or stockpile for future use

Văn

Văn — Literature, writing, or language-related matters

học

học — To study or learn; related to academics

trong

trong — In, inside, within a place or time

vòng

vòng — Within a period; a circle or loop

ngày

ngày — Day, a unit of time equal to 24 hours

sau

sau — After, behind, or later in time

mỗi

mỗi — Each, every individual item or instance

bạn

bạn — You; friend, used informally to address someone

chuẩn

chuẩn — Standard, accurate, or ready to proceed

bị

bị — To prepare; passive voice marker in Vietnamese

hoặc

hoặc — Or, used to present an alternative option

yêu

yêu — To love; also used in 'yêu cầu' meaning request

cầu

cầu — To request; also means bridge or ball

hợp

hợp — To combine; appropriate, fitting, or legal

pháp

pháp — Law, legal; part of legal or French references

tờ

tờ — A sheet of paper or flat document

khai

khai — To declare or report officially to authorities

thuế

thuế — Tax, a mandatory government financial charge

hàng

hàng — Goods, merchandise; also means row or line

năm

năm — Year; also the number five in Vietnamese

định

định — To determine, define, or plan something

kỳ

kỳ — Period, term, or scheduled interval of time

tương

tương — Mutual, corresponding, or equivalent to something

đương

đương — Equivalent; currently happening or corresponding

của

của — Of, belonging to; possessive particle in Vietnamese

Vui

Vui — Happy, joyful; used in polite requests

lòng

lòng — Heart, goodwill; used in polite expressions

liên

liên — To connect, link, or relate to something

hệ

hệ — System, relation; to contact someone

với

với — With, together with another person or thing

chúng

chúng — We, us; refers to a group of people

tôi

tôi — I, me; first-person singular pronoun

trước

trước — Before, in front of, or prior to something

để

To put; in order to, so that something happens

biết

biết — To know, to be aware of a fact

kế

kế — Plan, strategy, or next in sequence

hoạch

hoạch — Plan, scheme; used in 'kế hoạch' meaning plan

và

và — And, connecting two words or phrases together

giải

giải — To solve, explain, or release something

quyết

quyết — To decide, resolve; determined action

các

các — Various, the plural marker for nouns

chi

chi — Detail, expense, or branch of something

tiết

tiết — Detail, lesson period, or section of something

NẾU

NẾU — If, used to introduce a conditional clause

BẠN

BẠN — You; friend; second-person informal pronoun

MUỐN

MUỐN — To want, to desire something strongly

GỬI

GỬI — To send money, mail, or a message

TIỀN

TIỀN — Money; currency used in financial transactions

NGAY

NGAY — Immediately, right away, or even now

CẢ

CẢ — Even, also, including everything or everyone

KHI

KHI — When, at the time that something occurs

KHÔNG

KHÔNG — No, not; negation word in Vietnamese

CẦN

CẦN — To need, to require something necessary

PHẢI

PHẢI — Must, have to do something obligatory

LÀM

LÀM — To do, to make, to work on something

VẬY

VẬY — So, thus, in that manner or case

THÌ

THÌ — Then; topic marker in conditional sentences

SAO

SAO — Why, how; also means star in Vietnamese

dành

dành — To dedicate, reserve, or set aside for

riêng

riêng — Separate, exclusive, private, or individual

tăng

tăng — To increase, raise, or grow in number

số

số — Number, quantity, or numerical amount

lượng

lượng — Amount, quantity, or volume of something

tác

tác — Work, creation; used in 'tác phẩm' meaning work

phẩm

phẩm — Work, product, or quality of something

thuộc

thuộc — To belong to, to be part of something

phạm

phạm — Scope, domain; to violate or commit offense

vi

vi — Range, scope; micro; used in compound words

công

công — Public, common; labor or effort applied

cộng

cộng — Community, collective; to add together

cấp

cấp — To grant, issue, or provide something officially

phép

phép — Permission, rule, or politeness in Vietnamese

có

có — To have; there is/are; existence marker

thể

thể — Can, able to; body or form of something

phân

phân — To distribute, divide, or differentiate

phối

phối — To distribute or coordinate among parties

tự

tự — Self, freely, or automatically without assistance

do

do — Because of; free; caused by something

ở

ở — To be at, to live somewhere, location marker

dạng

dạng — Form, format, or shape of something

máy

máy — Machine, device, or electronic equipment

đọc

đọc — To read text or written material aloud

Dự

Dự — Project, plan; to participate or anticipate

án

án — Project, case, or legal judgment matter

trân

trân — To treasure, value; used in formal expressions

trọng

trọng — To value, respect; important or weighty

chấp

chấp — To accept, allow, or tolerate something

nhận

nhận — To receive, recognize, or acknowledge something

đóng

đóng — To close; to contribute or pay into something

góp

góp — To contribute, add to a collective effort

bằng

bằng — By means of; equal to; diploma or certificate

tiền

tiền — Money; currency used in daily transactions

thời

thời — Time, era, or period in history

gian

gian — Space, time interval; section of a structure

tài

tài — Talent, ability, or financial resources

liệu

liệu — Material, data, or document for reference

giấy

giấy — Paper; document made from paper material

miễn

miễn — Free of charge; exempt from something

phí

phí — Fee, cost, or expense for a service

nên

nên — Should, ought to; therefore, as a result

Nếu

Nếu — If, conditional conjunction used in sentences

quan

quan — Official; to care about or observe something

tâm

tâm — Heart, mind, center; to care or be concerned

đến

đến — To arrive at; to, toward a destination

việc

việc — Work, task, or matter to be handled

thiết

thiết — Necessary, essential; to set up or design

quét

quét — To scan or sweep across a surface

phần

phần — Part, section, or portion of something

mềm

mềm — Soft; software in computing contexts

mặt

mặt — Face, surface, or aspect of something

khác

khác — Other, different, or another option available

vui

vui — Happy, joyful; used in polite phrases

tại

tại — At a location; because of a reason

Một

Một — One; a, an; the number one in Vietnamese

tiêu

tiêu — Title, heading; to consume or spend

đề

đề — Title, topic, or subject of discussion

này

này — This, these; near demonstrative pronoun

bởi

bởi — By, because of; indicates cause or agent

chỉ

chỉ — Only, just; to point at something

in

in — To print; printed form of text

lại

lại — Again; back; to repeat an action

khi

khi — When, at the time of an event

không

không — No, not; negation in Vietnamese language

mất

mất — To lose something; to pass away; missing

bất

bất — Any, not; prefix indicating negation

khoản

khoản — A sum of money or financial item

nào

nào — Any, which; used in questions or negation

là

là — Is, are, to be; linking verb in Vietnamese

một

một — One; indefinite article equivalent in Vietnamese

Nhãn

Nhãn — Label, tag, or brand marking on product

hiệu

hiệu — Brand, trademark, or signal of something

Thương

Thương — Commercial, trade; to love or feel pity

mại

mại — Commerce, trade; used in business contexts

sử

sử — History; to use something for a purpose

dụng

dụng — To use, apply, or utilize something

bán

bán — To sell goods or services for money

dù

dù — Even though, despite, regardless of condition

cứng

cứng — Hard, rigid; refers to hardcover or hard disk

hay

hay — Or; interesting; often, frequently done

sản

sản — Product, production; property or assets

mà

mà — But, yet; relative clause marker in Vietnamese

sự

sự — Nominalizer; matter, affair, or event

rõ

rõ — Clear, obvious, distinct in meaning or sight

ràng

ràng — Clear; tied together; used in 'rõ ràng'

KẾT

KẾT — To end, conclude, or tie together

THÚC

THÚC — To urge, push, or bring to an end

CHỮ

CHỮ — Letter, character, written word or script

IN

IN — Printed; to print text on a surface

NHỎ

NHỎ — Small, little, tiny in size or scale

DÀNH

DÀNH — Dedicated to; reserved for a purpose

CHO

CHO — For, to give; intended for someone

THUỘC

THUỘC — Belonging to, part of a category

PHẠM

PHẠM — Scope or domain of something; to violate

VI

VI — Range, scope; used in compound legal terms

CÔNG

CÔNG — Public, common; relating to the community

CỘNG

CỘNG — Collective, community; to add or sum up

Phiên

Phiên — Edition, version, or session of something

xuất

xuất — To publish, produce, or export something

Nhóm

Nhóm — Group, team of people working together

Hiệu

Hiệu — To edit; brand, signal, or effectiveness

đính

đính — To correct, attach, or proofread a document

Phân

Phân — To distribute or divide among people

tán

tán — To scatter, distribute, or spread out

Trực

Trực — Direct, straight; online or on duty

tuyến

tuyến — Line, route; online or network connection

VÀ

VÀ — And, connecting two elements together

TRIỀU

TRIỀU — Dynasty, royal court, or imperial reign

ĐÌNH

ĐÌNH — Court, communal hall, or imperial palace

CỦA

CỦA — Of, belonging to; possessive particle

ÔNG

ÔNG — He, him; respectful term for older man

Tiểu

Tiểu — Small, minor; used in 'tiểu thuyết' meaning novel

thuyết

thuyết — Novel; theory; to explain or narrate

Lịch

Lịch — History; calendar; polite or refined manner