Leviathan — Page 1
LEVIATHAN
LEVIATHAN
By Thomas Hobbes
Von Thomas Hobbes
1651
1651
LEVIATHAN OR THE MATTER, FORME, & POWER OF A COMMON-WEALTH ECCLESIASTICAL AND CIVILL
LEVIATHAN ODER DIE MATERIE, FORM UND MACHT EINES KIRCHLICHEN UND BÜRGERLICHEN GEMEINWESENS
Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury
Thomas Hobbes aus Malmesbury
Printed for Andrew Crooke, at the Green Dragon in St. Paul's Churchyard, 1651.
Gedruckt für Andrew Crooke, beim Grünen Drachen im St. Paul's Churchyard, 1651.
TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES ON THE E-TEXT:
ANMERKUNGEN DES TRANSKRIBENTEN ZUM E-TEXT:
This E-text was prepared from the Pelican Classics edition of Leviathan, which in turn was prepared from the first edition.
Dieser E-Text wurde anhand der Pelican-Classics-Ausgabe des Leviathan erstellt, die ihrerseits anhand der Erstausgabe erstellt wurde.
I have tried to follow as closely as possible the original, and to give the flavour of the text that Hobbes himself proof-read, but the following differences were unavoidable.
Ich habe versucht, dem Original so genau wie möglich zu folgen und den Charakter des Textes wiederzugeben, den Hobbes selbst Korrektur gelesen hat, aber die folgenden Unterschiede waren unvermeidlich.
Hobbes used capitals and italics very extensively, for emphasis, for proper names, for quotations, and sometimes, it seems, just because.
Hobbes verwendete Großbuchstaben und Kursivschrift sehr ausgiebig, zur Hervorhebung, für Eigennamen, für Zitate und manchmal, so scheint es, einfach so.
The original has very extensive margin notes, which are used to show where he introduces the definitions of words and concepts, to give in short the subject that a paragraph or section is dealing with, and to give references to his quotations, largely but not exclusively biblical.
Das Original enthält sehr umfangreiche Randnotizen, die dazu dienen, anzuzeigen, wo er die Definitionen von Wörtern und Begriffen einführt, kurz das Thema anzugeben, mit dem ein Absatz oder Abschnitt sich befasst, und Verweise auf seine Zitate zu geben, die größtenteils, aber nicht ausschließlich biblisch sind.
To some degree, these margin notes seem to have been intended to serve in place of an index, the original having none.
In gewissem Maße scheinen diese Randnotizen dazu gedacht gewesen zu sein, als Ersatz für ein Register zu dienen, da das Original keines enthält.
They are all in italics.
Sie sind alle in Kursivschrift.
He also used italics for words in other languages than English, and there are a number of Greek words, in the Greek alphabet, in the text.
Er verwendete Kursivschrift auch für Wörter in anderen Sprachen als Englisch, und im Text gibt es eine Reihe von griechischen Wörtern im griechischen Alphabet.
To deal with these within the limits of plain vanilla ASCII, I have done the following in this E-text.
Um damit im Rahmen des einfachen ASCII-Formats umzugehen, habe ich in diesem E-Text folgendes getan.
Vocabulary
- Von
- By or from; indicates authorship or origin
- ODER
- Or; conjunction connecting alternatives
- DIE
- The; definite article for feminine/plural nouns
- MATERIE
- Matter; physical substance or subject material
- FORM
- Form; shape, structure, or format of something
- UND
- And; basic coordinating conjunction
- MACHT
- Power; authority or strength over others
- EINES
- Of a; genitive indefinite article for neuter nouns
- KIRCHLICHEN
- Ecclesiastical; relating to the church or clergy
- BÜRGERLICHEN
- Civil; relating to citizens or civic society
- GEMEINWESENS
- Commonwealth; organized political community or state
- aus
- From; indicating origin or source
- Gedruckt
- Printed; past participle of drucken, to print
- für
- For; preposition indicating purpose or recipient
- beim
- At the; contraction of bei dem, near the
- Grünen
- Green; adjective in dative form, describing color
- Drachen
- Dragon; mythical fire-breathing creature; kite
- im
- In the; contraction of in dem
- ANMERKUNGEN
- Notes; remarks or annotations added to a text
- DES
- Of the; genitive definite article for masculine/neuter nouns
- TRANSKRIBENTEN
- Transcriber's; genitive of transcriber, one who copies text
- ZUM
- To the; contraction of zu dem
- TEXT
- Text; written or printed body of words
- Dieser
- This; demonstrative pronoun for masculine nominative nouns
- Text
- Text; written or printed body of words
- wurde
- Was; past tense auxiliary for passive constructions
- anhand
- Based on; using something as a guide or reference
- der
- The; definite article for masculine/genitive feminine nouns
- Ausgabe
- Edition; a particular version or print of a publication
- des
- Of the; genitive definite article for masculine/neuter nouns
- erstellt
- Created; past participle of erstellen, to produce or compile
- die
- Which/that; relative or definite article for feminine nouns
- ihrerseits
- For its part; in turn; on its side
- Erstausgabe
- First edition; the original published version of a work
- Ich
- I; first person singular nominative pronoun
- habe
- Have; first person singular of haben, to have
- versucht
- Tried; past participle of versuchen, to attempt
- dem
- The; dative definite article for masculine/neuter nouns
- Original
- Original; the first or authentic version of something
- so
- So; as; adverb indicating degree or manner
- genau
- Exactly; precisely or accurately matching something
- wie
- As; how; conjunction or adverb of comparison
- möglich
- Possible; capable of being done or achieved
- zu
- To; infinitive marker or preposition of direction
- folgen
- To follow; to adhere to or come after something
- und
- And; basic coordinating conjunction linking elements
- den
- The; accusative definite article for masculine nouns
- Charakter
- Character; distinctive nature or quality of something
- Textes
- Text's; genitive form of Text, of the text
- wiederzugeben
- To reproduce; to represent or render something faithfully
- selbst
- Itself/himself/herself; reflexive intensifier or pronoun
- Korrektur
- Correction; process of reviewing and fixing errors
- gelesen
- Read; past participle of lesen, to read
- hat
- Has; third person singular of haben, to have
- aber
- But; however; coordinating conjunction showing contrast
- folgenden
- Following; the subsequent items or points listed
- Unterschiede
- Differences; distinctions between two or more things
- waren
- Were; past tense plural of sein, to be
- unvermeidlich
- Unavoidable; impossible to prevent or circumvent
- verwendete
- Used; past tense of verwenden, to use or employ
- Großbuchstaben
- Capital letters; uppercase letters used in writing
- Kursivschrift
- Italics; slanted typeface used for emphasis or titles
- sehr
- Very; adverb intensifying adjectives or adverbs
- ausgiebig
- Extensively; thoroughly or abundantly using something
- zur
- For the; contraction of zu der, toward the
- Hervorhebung
- Emphasis; highlighting or stressing particular words
- Eigennamen
- Proper names; names of specific people, places, things
- Zitate
- Quotes; passages cited from another source or text
- manchmal
- Sometimes; occasionally, not always or frequently
- scheint
- Seems; third person singular of scheinen, to appear
- es
- It; third person singular neuter pronoun
- einfach
- Simply; just; also means easy or simple
- Das
- The/that; definite article or demonstrative for neuter nouns
- enthält
- Contains; third person singular of enthalten, to include
- umfangreiche
- Extensive; large in scope or volume
- Randnotizen
- Marginal notes; annotations written in the margins of text
- dazu
- For that; additionally; in addition to that
- dienen
- To serve; to function as or be used for
- anzuzeigen
- To indicate; to show or signal something
- wo
- Where; relative or interrogative adverb of place
- er
- He; third person singular masculine pronoun
- Definitionen
- Definitions; explanations of the meaning of words
- von
- Of; from; preposition indicating origin or possession
- Wörtern
- Words; dative plural of Wort, individual lexical units
- Begriffen
- Terms; concepts; dative plural of Begriff
- einführt
- Introduces; third person singular of einführen, to introduce
- kurz
- Briefly; short; concisely summarizing something
- das
- The/that; definite article or pronoun for neuter nouns
- Thema
- Topic; subject or theme being discussed
- anzugeben
- To indicate; to state or specify something
- mit
- With; preposition indicating accompaniment or means
- ein
- A/an; indefinite article for masculine/neuter nouns
- Absatz
- Paragraph; distinct section of written text
- oder
- Or; conjunction presenting an alternative option
- Abschnitt
- Section; a divided part of a text or document
- sich
- Itself/oneself; reflexive pronoun for third person
- befasst
- Deals with; third person singular of befassen, to concern
- Verweise
- References; citations pointing to other sources or texts
- auf
- On; to; preposition indicating position or direction
- seine
- His; possessive pronoun for third person masculine
- geben
- Give; to provide or present something
- größtenteils
- Mostly; for the most part; predominantly
- nicht
- Not; negation adverb used to negate verbs or adjectives
- ausschließlich
- Exclusively; solely; limited to one thing only
- biblisch
- Biblical; relating to or found in the Bible
- sind
- Are; third person plural of sein, to be
- In
- In; preposition indicating location or inclusion
- gewissem
- Certain; dative form of gewiss, to some degree
- Maße
- Extent; degree or measure of something
- scheinen
- To seem; to appear to be a certain way
- diese
- These; demonstrative pronoun for plural or feminine nouns
- gedacht
- Intended; past participle of denken, thought or meant
- gewesen
- Been; past participle of sein, to be
- sein
- To be; infinitive of the fundamental linking verb
- als
- As; when; conjunction or preposition of comparison
- Ersatz
- Substitute; replacement for something else
- Register
- Index; alphabetical list for locating content in text
- da
- Since; there; conjunction or adverb indicating reason/place
- keines
- None; not one; genitive form of kein, no/none
- Sie
- They/You; third person plural or formal second person
- alle
- All; every one; referring to the entirety of a group
- in
- In; inside; preposition indicating location or inclusion
- Er
- He; third person singular masculine nominative pronoun
- auch
- Also; too; adverb indicating addition or inclusion
- Wörter
- Words; plural of Wort, individual units of language
- anderen
- Other; different; dative/genitive plural of ander
- Sprachen
- Languages; plural of Sprache, systems of communication
- Englisch
- English; the language spoken primarily in England
- gibt
- Gives; there is; third person singular of geben
- eine
- A/an; indefinite article for feminine nominative nouns
- Reihe
- Series; a number of things arranged in sequence
- griechischen
- Greek; adjective in dative form relating to Greece
- Alphabet
- Alphabet; ordered set of letters used in writing
- Um
- In order to; around; preposition or conjunction of purpose
- damit
- With it; so that; conjunction or pronoun of purpose
- Rahmen
- Framework; frame or context within which something exists
- einfachen
- Simple; adjective in dative form meaning uncomplicated
- Formats
- Format's; genitive of Format, structure or layout type
- umzugehen
- To deal with; to handle or cope with something
- ich
- I; first person singular nominative pronoun
- diesem
- This; dative demonstrative pronoun for masculine/neuter nouns
- folgendes
- The following; what comes next in the text
- getan
- Done; past participle of tun, to do or act
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