Leviathan — Page 8

English → Spanish Preface Level 9/10

For by Art is created that great LEVIATHAN called a COMMON-WEALTH, or STATE, (in latine CIVITAS) which is but an Artificiall Man; though of greater stature and strength than the Naturall, for whose protection and defence it was intended; and in which, the Soveraignty is an Artificiall Soul, as giving life and motion to the whole body;

Pues por el Arte es creado ese gran LEVIATÁN llamado COMMONWEALTH, o ESTADO, (en latín CIVITAS) que no es sino un Hombre Artificial; aunque de mayor estatura y fuerza que el Natural, para cuya protección y defensa fue concebido; y en el cual, la Soberanía es un Alma Artificial, que da vida y movimiento a todo el cuerpo;

The Magistrates, and other Officers of Judicature and Execution, artificiall Joynts; Reward and Punishment (by which fastned to the seat of the Soveraignty, every joynt and member is moved to performe his duty) are the Nerves, that do the same in the Body Naturall;

Los Magistrados, y demás Oficiales de Judicatura y Ejecución, son las Articulaciones artificiales; la Recompensa y el Castigo (mediante los cuales, atados al asiento de la Soberanía, cada articulación y miembro es movido a cumplir con su deber) son los Nervios, que hacen lo mismo en el Cuerpo Natural;

The Wealth and Riches of all the particular members, are the Strength; Salus Populi (the Peoples Safety) its Businesse; Counsellors, by whom all things needfull for it to know, are suggested unto it, are the Memory; Equity and Lawes, an artificiall Reason and Will; Concord, Health; Sedition, Sicknesse; and Civill War, Death.

La Riqueza y los Bienes de todos los miembros particulares son la Fortaleza; la Salus Populi (la Seguridad del Pueblo) su Cometido; los Consejeros, por quienes todas las cosas que necesita conocer le son sugeridas, son la Memoria; la Equidad y las Leyes, una Razón y Voluntad artificiales; la Concordia, la Salud; la Sedición, la Enfermedad; y la Guerra Civil, la Muerte.

Lastly, the Pacts and Covenants, by which the parts of this Body Politique were at first made, set together, and united, resemble that Fiat, or the Let Us Make Man, pronounced by God in the Creation.

Por último, los Pactos y Convenios, mediante los cuales las partes de este Cuerpo Político fueron en un principio creadas, unidas y ensambladas, se asemejan a aquel Fiat, o al Hagamos al Hombre, pronunciado por Dios en la Creación.

To describe the Nature of this Artificiall man, I will consider

Para describir la Naturaleza de este Hombre Artificial, consideraré

First the Matter thereof, and the Artificer; both which is Man.

Primero la Materia del mismo, y el Artífice; ambos de los cuales es el Hombre.

Secondly, How, and by what Covenants it is made; what are the Rights and just Power or Authority of a Soveraigne; and what it is that Preserveth and Dissolveth it.

Segundo, Cómo, y mediante qué Convenios es creado; cuáles son los Derechos y el justo Poder o Autoridad de un Soberano; y qué es lo que lo Preserva y lo Disuelve.

Thirdly, what is a Christian Common-Wealth.

Tercero, qué es una Commonwealth Cristiana.

Vocabulary

Pues: Well, since, or because; discourse connector or causal conjunction
por: By, for, or through; versatile preposition indicating cause or means
Arte: Art; creative human skill or its products
creado: Created; past participle of 'crear', to make or produce
ese: That; demonstrative adjective or pronoun for nearby things
gran: Great or large; adjective indicating greatness or importance
LEVIATÁN: Leviathan; biblical sea monster symbolizing immense power
llamado: Called or named; past participle referring to something's designation
COMMONWEALTH: Commonwealth; political community sharing common laws and governance
ESTADO: State; organized political community under a government
latín: Latin; classical language of ancient Rome
CIVITAS: Civitas; Latin term for city-state or political community
sino: But rather; conjunction correcting a previous negative statement
Hombre: Man or human being; adult male person
Artificial: Artificial; made by human craft rather than nature
aunque: Although or even though; conjunction indicating concession
mayor: Greater or larger; comparative adjective indicating superior size
estatura: Stature or height; physical or metaphorical standing of a person
fuerza: Strength or force; physical or metaphorical power
Natural: Natural; existing in or caused by nature
cuya: Whose; relative possessive pronoun linking noun to possessor
protección: Protection; act of keeping someone safe from harm
defensa: Defense; action of protecting against attack or danger
concebido: Conceived or designed; past participle meaning planned or imagined
cual: Which or as; relative pronoun referring to previously mentioned noun
Soberanía: Sovereignty; supreme authority or power of a state
Alma: Soul; the spiritual or vital essence of a being
vida: Life; state of being alive or animate existence
movimiento: Movement or motion; act of moving from one place
todo: All or every; adjective indicating the whole of something
cuerpo: Body; physical structure of a living organism
Magistrados: Magistrates; civil officers administering law and justice
demás: Other or remaining; adjective referring to the rest
Oficiales: Officers or officials; persons holding authority or public office
Judicatura: Judiciary; branch of government that interprets and applies law
Ejecución: Execution; carrying out of a plan, order, or judgment
Articulaciones: Joints; connections linking parts of a body or structure
artificiales: Artificial; man-made rather than occurring naturally
Recompensa: Reward; something given in return for good behavior
Castigo: Punishment; penalty imposed for wrongdoing or disobedience
mediante: By means of or through; preposition indicating method used
cuales: Which; relative pronoun referring to previously mentioned plural noun
atados: Tied or bound; past participle meaning fastened or constrained
asiento: Seat or place; location where someone or something is fixed
cada: Each or every; adjective indicating individual members of a group
articulación: Joint or articulation; point where two parts connect and move
miembro: Member or limb; part of a group or body
movido: Moved; past participle indicating something has been set in motion
cumplir: To fulfill or comply; to carry out a duty or obligation
deber: Duty or obligation; something one is morally required to do
Nervios: Nerves; fibers transmitting signals throughout the body
mismo: Same or itself; adjective or pronoun indicating identity or equality
Cuerpo: Body; physical frame of a person or organism
Riqueza: Wealth or riches; abundance of valuable possessions or money
Bienes: Goods or assets; material possessions of value or property
todos: All or everyone; referring to the entirety of a group
miembros: Members or limbs; parts of a group or body
particulares: Private or particular; relating to individuals rather than the whole
Fortaleza: Strength or fortitude; great physical or moral power
Salus: Salus; Latin word for health, safety, or well-being
Populi: Populi; Latin genitive of 'populus', meaning of the people
Seguridad: Security or safety; state of being free from danger
Pueblo: People or town; a community or the general population
Cometido: Mission or task; duty or responsibility assigned to someone
Consejeros: Advisors or counselors; people who give guidance or counsel
quienes: Who or whom; relative pronoun referring to people
cosas: Things; objects, matters, or subjects in general
necesita: Needs or requires; third person singular present of 'necesitar'
conocer: To know or be acquainted with; to be familiar with something
sugeridas: Suggested; feminine plural past participle of 'sugerir'
Memoria: Memory; faculty by which past events are recalled
Equidad: Equity or fairness; quality of being just and impartial
Leyes: Laws; rules established by authority governing behavior
Razón: Reason; ability to think logically and draw conclusions
Voluntad: Will or willpower; faculty of conscious intentional decision
Concordia: Concord or harmony; peaceful agreement among people or groups
Salud: Health; state of physical and mental well-being
Sedición: Sedition; conduct or speech inciting rebellion against authority
Enfermedad: Disease or illness; condition of poor health affecting the body
Guerra: War; armed conflict between nations or groups
Civil: Civil; relating to citizens or internal state matters
Muerte: Death; the end of life of a person or organism
Por: By, for, or through; preposition indicating means or cause
último: Last or final; adjective indicating the end of a sequence
Pactos: Pacts or agreements; formal binding arrangements between parties
Convenios: Agreements or conventions; formal arrangements or understandings
partes: Parts or parties; components or participants in an agreement
este: This; demonstrative adjective or pronoun for nearby masculine noun
Político: Political; relating to government, politics, or public affairs
principio: Beginning or principle; start of something or foundational idea
creadas: Created; feminine plural past participle of 'crear'
unidas: United or joined; feminine plural past participle of 'unir'
ensambladas: Assembled; feminine plural past participle meaning put together
asemejan: Resemble; third person plural present of 'asemejarse'
aquel: That; demonstrative pronoun referring to something distant
Fiat: Fiat; Latin term meaning let it be done or decree
Hagamos: Let us make; first person plural present subjunctive of 'hacer'
pronunciado: Pronounced or uttered; past participle meaning spoken aloud
Dios: God; the supreme being in monotheistic religions
Creación: Creation; act of bringing something into existence
describir: To describe; to give a detailed account of something
Naturaleza: Nature; the physical world or inherent character of something
consideraré: I will consider; first person singular future of 'considerar'
Primero: First; ordinal number indicating the initial item in a sequence
Materia: Matter or material; physical substance or subject matter
Artífice: Artisan or maker; skilled creator or craftsman of something
ambos: Both; referring to two things or people together
Segundo: Second; ordinal number indicating the second item in sequence
Cómo: How; interrogative adverb asking about manner or method
cuáles: Which ones; interrogative pronoun asking for selection from options
Derechos: Rights; legal or moral entitlements belonging to individuals
justo: Just or fair; morally right and equitable in conduct
Poder: Power or ability; capacity to act or exert control
Autoridad: Authority; power or right to give orders and enforce obedience
Soberano: Sovereign; supreme ruler possessing ultimate governing authority
Preserva: Preserves; third person singular present of 'preservar', to maintain
Disuelve: Dissolves; third person singular present of 'disolver', to break up
Tercero: Third; ordinal number indicating the third item in sequence
Commonwealth: Commonwealth; political union sharing governance, laws, and citizenship
Cristiana: Christian; relating to Christianity or its beliefs and practices

← Previous Next →

Unlock audio playback, vocabulary games, and reading progress tracking.

Create free account →