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Leviathan — Page 5

English → Fr Preface Level 9/10

If notwithstanding this, you find my labour generally decryed, you may be pleased to excuse your selfe, and say that I am a man that love my own opinions, and think all true I say, that I honoured your Brother, and honour you, and have presum'd on that, to assume the Title (without your knowledge) of being, as I am,

Si malgré cela, vous trouvez que mon travail est généralement décrié, vous pourrez bien vous excuser, et dire que je suis un homme qui aime ses propres opinions, et qui croit vraies toutes ses paroles, que j'ai honoré votre Frère, et vous honore, et me suis fondé sur cela pour prendre le titre (à votre insu) d'être, comme je le suis,

Sir,

Monsieur,

Your most humble, and most obedient servant, Thomas Hobbes.

Votre très humble et très obéissant serviteur, Thomas Hobbes.

Paris APRILL 15/25 1651.

Paris, AVRIL 15/25 1651.

CONTENTS OF THE CHAPTERS

TABLE DES CHAPITRES

THE FIRST PART

PREMIÈRE PARTIE

OF MAN

DE L'HOMME

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

1. OF SENSE

1. DU SENS

2. OF IMAGINATION

2. DE L'IMAGINATION

3. OF THE CONSEQUENCES OR TRAIN OF IMAGINATIONS

3. DES CONSÉQUENCES OU ENCHAÎNEMENT DES IMAGINATIONS

4. OF SPEECH

4. DU LANGAGE

5. OF REASON AND SCIENCE

5. DE LA RAISON ET DE LA SCIENCE

6. OF THE INTERIOUR BEGINNINGS OF VOLUNTARY MOTIONS, COMMONLY CALLED THE PASSIONS; AND THE SPEECHES BY WHICH THEY ARE EXPRESSED

6. DES ORIGINES INTÉRIEURES DES MOUVEMENTS VOLONTAIRES, COMMUNÉMENT APPELÉES LES PASSIONS ; ET DES DISCOURS PAR LESQUELS ELLES S'EXPRIMENT

7. OF THE ENDS OR RESOLUTIONS OF DISCOURSE

7. DES FINS OU RÉSOLUTIONS DU DISCOURS

8. OF THE VERTUES, COMMONLY CALLED INTELLECTUALL, AND THEIR CONTRARY DEFECTS

8. DES VERTUS, COMMUNÉMENT APPELÉES INTELLECTUELLES, ET DE LEURS DÉFAUTS CONTRAIRES

9. OF THE SEVERALL SUBJECTS OF KNOWLEDGE

9. DES DIVERS SUJETS DE LA CONNAISSANCE

10. OF POWER, WORTH, DIGNITY, HONOUR, AND WORTHINESSE

10. DU POUVOIR, DE LA VALEUR, DE LA DIGNITÉ, DE L'HONNEUR ET DU MÉRITE

11. OF THE DIFFERENCE OF MANNERS

11. DE LA DIFFÉRENCE DES MŒURS

12. OF RELIGION

12. DE LA RELIGION

13. OF THE NATURALL CONDITION OF MANKIND AS CONCERNING THEIR FELICITY AND MISERY

13. DE LA CONDITION NATURELLE DE L'HUMANITÉ EN CE QUI CONCERNE SA FÉLICITÉ ET SA MISÈRE

14. OF THE FIRST AND SECOND NATURALL LAWES, AND OF CONTRACT

14. DES PREMIÈRE ET DEUXIÈME LOIS NATURELLES, ET DU CONTRAT

15. OF OTHER LAWES OF NATURE

15. DES AUTRES LOIS DE LA NATURE

16. OF PERSONS, AUTHORS, AND THINGS PERSONATED

16. DES PERSONNES, DES AUTEURS ET DES CHOSES PERSONNIFIÉES

THE SECOND PART

DEUXIÈME PARTIE

OF COMMON-WEALTH

DE L'ÉTAT

17. OF THE CAUSES, GENERATION, AND DEFINITION OF A COMMON-WEALTH

17. DES CAUSES, DE LA GENÈSE ET DE LA DÉFINITION D'UN ÉTAT

18. OF THE RIGHTS OF SOVERAIGNES BY INSTITUTION

18. DES DROITS DES SOUVERAINS PAR INSTITUTION

19. OF SEVERALL KINDS OF COMMON-WEALTH BY INSTITUTION; AND OF SUCCESION TO THE SOVERAIGN POWER

19. DES DIVERSES FORMES D'ÉTAT PAR INSTITUTION ; ET DE LA SUCCESSION AU POUVOIR SOUVERAIN

20.

20.

Vocabulary

Si
If; conjunction introducing a conditional clause
malgré
Despite, in spite of; preposition indicating opposition
cela
That; demonstrative pronoun referring to something distant
vous
You; second-person plural or formal pronoun
trouvez
You find; second-person plural of trouver
que
That, which; subordinating conjunction or relative pronoun
mon
My; masculine singular possessive adjective
travail
Work, labor; noun referring to one's occupation or effort
est
Is; third-person singular present of être
généralement
Generally, usually; adverb indicating common occurrence
décrié
Criticized, disparaged; past participle of décrier
pourrez
You will be able; future tense of pouvoir
bien
Well, indeed; adverb emphasizing or qualifying a statement
excuser
To excuse, forgive; verb meaning to pardon someone
et
And; coordinating conjunction linking words or clauses
dire
To say, to tell; basic verb of verbal expression
je
I; first-person singular subject pronoun
suis
Am; first-person singular present of être
un
A, an, one; masculine indefinite article or numeral
homme
Man; noun referring to an adult male person
qui
Who, which; relative or interrogative pronoun
aime
Loves, likes; third-person singular present of aimer
ses
His, her, its; third-person plural possessive adjective
propres
Own; adjective meaning belonging to oneself
opinions
Opinions, views; personal beliefs or judgments held
croit
Believes; third-person singular present of croire
vraies
True; feminine plural adjective meaning truthful or accurate
toutes
All; feminine plural form of tout, meaning every
paroles
Words, speech; noun referring to spoken utterances
j'
I; elided form of je before a vowel
ai
Have; first-person singular present of avoir
honoré
Honored; past participle of honorer, to honor
votre
Your; second-person plural or formal possessive adjective
Frère
Brother; noun referring to a male sibling or friar
honore
Honors; third-person singular present of honorer
me
Me; first-person singular object pronoun
fondé
Founded, justified; past participle of fonder
sur
On, upon; preposition indicating position or basis
pour
For, in order to; preposition indicating purpose
prendre
To take; infinitive of a common irregular verb
le
The; masculine singular definite article
titre
Title; noun referring to a name or designation
à
To, at, in; preposition indicating direction or location
insu
Unbeknownst; used in à l'insu de meaning without knowledge
d'
Of, from; elided form of de before a vowel
être
To be; fundamental auxiliary and linking verb
comme
As, like; conjunction or adverb indicating comparison
Monsieur
Mister, Sir; formal title of address for a man
Votre
Your; formal possessive adjective in respectful address
très
Very; adverb intensifying an adjective or adverb
humble
Humble; adjective meaning modest or unassuming
obéissant
Obedient; adjective meaning compliant or dutiful
serviteur
Servant; noun referring to one who serves another
AVRIL
April; fourth month of the year
TABLE
Table; noun referring to a structured list or index
DES
Of the; contraction of de + les
CHAPITRES
Chapters; divisions of a book or text
PREMIÈRE
First; feminine ordinal adjective indicating initial order
PARTIE
Part, section; noun referring to a division of a work
DE
Of, from; preposition indicating possession or origin
L'
The; elided definite article before a vowel
HOMME
Man; noun referring to mankind or a male person
INTRODUCTION
Introduction; opening section presenting a work's content
DU
Of the; contraction of de + le
SENS
Sense, meaning; faculty of perception or signification
IMAGINATION
Imagination; mental faculty forming images and ideas
CONSÉQUENCES
Consequences, sequences; results or chains of events
OU
Or; coordinating conjunction presenting an alternative
ENCHAÎNEMENT
Chain, sequence; linking or succession of elements
IMAGINATIONS
Imaginations; plural of imagination, mental images formed
LANGAGE
Language; system of communication using words or signs
LA
The; feminine singular definite article
RAISON
Reason; faculty of rational thought and judgment
ET
And; coordinating conjunction linking words or clauses
SCIENCE
Science; systematic knowledge derived from observation
ORIGINES
Origins; starting points or sources of something
INTÉRIEURES
Interior, inner; feminine plural adjective meaning internal
MOUVEMENTS
Movements; physical or mental motions or impulses
VOLONTAIRES
Voluntary; adjective describing actions done by choice
COMMUNÉMENT
Commonly; adverb meaning in a widely shared manner
APPELÉES
Called, named; feminine plural past participle of appeler
LES
The; plural definite article for masculine and feminine
PASSIONS
Passions; strong emotions or desires driving behavior
DISCOURS
Discourse, speech; formal or extended verbal expression
PAR
By, through; preposition indicating means or agent
LESQUELS
Which; masculine plural relative pronoun referencing nouns
ELLES
They; feminine third-person plural subject pronoun
S'
Themselves; elided reflexive pronoun before a vowel
EXPRIMENT
Express; third-person plural present of exprimer
FINS
Ends, purposes; goals or conclusions aimed at
RÉSOLUTIONS
Resolutions; firm decisions or determinations made
VERTUS
Virtues; moral qualities or excellences of character
INTELLECTUELLES
Intellectual; feminine plural adjective relating to the mind
LEURS
Their; third-person plural possessive adjective
DÉFAUTS
Defects, faults; shortcomings or imperfections
CONTRAIRES
Contraries, opposites; things that are opposed or contrary
DIVERS
Various, diverse; adjective meaning several different kinds
SUJETS
Subjects, topics; matters treated or discussed
CONNAISSANCE
Knowledge; awareness or understanding of information
POUVOIR
Power; ability, authority, or political force
VALEUR
Value, worth; importance or usefulness of something
DIGNITÉ
Dignity; quality of being worthy of honor or respect
HONNEUR
Honor; high regard or moral integrity
MÉRITE
Merit; quality deserving reward or recognition
DIFFÉRENCE
Difference; quality distinguishing one thing from another
MŒURS
Morals, customs; social habits and ethical behaviors
RELIGION
Religion; system of beliefs and worship practices
CONDITION
Condition, state; circumstances or situation of existence
NATURELLE
Natural; feminine adjective meaning of or from nature
HUMANITÉ
Humanity; human nature or mankind as a whole
EN
In, as; preposition indicating state or circumstance
CE
This, that; masculine demonstrative pronoun or adjective
QUI
Who, which; relative pronoun referring to a subject
CONCERNE
Concerns, relates to; third-person singular of concerner
SA
His, her, its; feminine singular possessive adjective
FÉLICITÉ
Felicity, happiness; state of great joy or bliss
MISÈRE
Misery, wretchedness; state of great suffering or poverty
DEUXIÈME
Second; ordinal adjective indicating second in order
LOIS
Laws; rules established by authority or nature
NATURELLES
Natural; feminine plural adjective meaning of nature
CONTRAT
Contract; formal agreement between parties
AUTRES
Other; adjective or pronoun meaning additional or different
NATURE
Nature; inherent character or the natural world
PERSONNES
Persons; individuals considered as legal or moral agents
AUTEURS
Authors; those who create or are legally responsible
CHOSES
Things; objects or matters in general
PERSONNIFIÉES
Personified; feminine plural past participle of personnifier
ÉTAT
State; political community or condition of affairs
CAUSES
Causes; reasons or origins producing an effect
GENÈSE
Genesis, origin; beginning or formation of something
DÉFINITION
Definition; statement explaining the meaning of a term
D'
Of; elided preposition de before a vowel
UN
A, one; masculine indefinite article or numeral
DROITS
Rights; entitlements or legal prerogatives of individuals
SOUVERAINS
Sovereigns; rulers holding supreme political authority
INSTITUTION
Institution; established organization or founding act
DIVERSES
Various, diverse; feminine plural adjective meaning different
FORMES
Forms, types; different shapes or kinds of something
SUCCESSION
Succession; process of following in order or inheriting
AU
To the; contraction of à + le
SOUVERAIN
Sovereign; supreme ruler or holder of highest authority
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