Leviathan — Page 2
When a Body is once in motion, it moveth (unless something els hinder it) eternally; and whatsoever hindreth it, cannot in an instant, but in time, and by degrees quite extinguish it:
一个物体一旦运动起来，它便会（除非有什么东西阻碍它）永恒地运动下去；而任何阻碍它的东西，都不能在瞬间将其熄灭，而只能随着时间的推移，逐渐地将其消除：
And as wee see in the water, though the wind cease, the waves give not over rowling for a long time after;
正如我们在水中所见，风虽停息，波浪却仍会在此后很长一段时间内持续翻涌；
so also it happeneth in that motion, which is made in the internall parts of a man, then, when he Sees, Dreams, &c.
同样的情形也发生在人的内部所产生的那种运动之中，即当他观看、梦见等等之时。
For after the object is removed, or the eye shut, wee still retain an image of the thing seen, though more obscure than when we see it.
因为在物体移走或眼睛闭合之后，我们仍然保留着所见之物的影像，尽管它比我们亲眼看见时更为模糊。
And this is it, that Latines call Imagination, from the image made in seeing; and apply the same, though improperly, to all the other senses.
这便是拉丁人所称的"想象"，其名源自视觉所形成的影像；他们虽不甚恰当地将此词也用于所有其他感官。
But the Greeks call it Fancy; which signifies Apparence, and is as proper to one sense, as to another.
而希腊人则称之为"幻象"，意指显现，这一词对任何一种感官都同样适用。
Imagination therefore is nothing but Decaying Sense; and is found in men, and many other living Creatures, as well sleeping, as waking.
因此，想象不过是衰退的感觉；它存在于人类以及许多其他生物之中，无论是在睡眠之时，还是在清醒之时。
Memory
记忆
The decay of Sense in men waking, is not the decay of the motion made in sense; but an obscuring of it, in such manner, as the light of the Sun obscureth the light of the Starres; which starrs do no less exercise their vertue by which they are visible, in the day, than in the night.
清醒之人感觉的衰退，并非感觉中所产生的运动本身的衰退，而是对它的遮蔽，正如太阳的光芒遮蔽了星辰的光芒；那些星辰在白昼所发挥的使其得以被见的效能，并不亚于在夜晚。
Vocabulary
- 一个
- yī gè — One; a single unit or item
- 物体
- wù tǐ — Physical object; a tangible material thing
- 一旦
- yī dàn — Once; as soon as a condition is met
- 运动
- yùn dòng — Motion; movement; physical activity
- 起来
- qǐ lái — Start doing; begin an action or state
- 它
- tā — It; third-person pronoun for non-human things
- 便会
- biàn huì — Will then; consequently will do something
- 除非
- chú fēi — Unless; except if a condition is met
- 有
- yǒu — Have; there is; to exist
- 什么
- shén me — What; something; anything at all
- 东西
- dōng xi — Thing; object; stuff
- 阻碍
- zǔ ài — Obstruct; hinder; impede progress or movement
- 永恒
- yǒng héng — Eternal; everlasting; without end in time
- 地
- de — Adverbial particle linking adverb to verb
- 下去
- xià qù — Continue; keep going; go on indefinitely
- 而
- ér — And yet; but; while; connecting contrasting clauses
- 任何
- rèn hé — Any; whatever; no matter what
- 的
- de — Possessive/attributive particle; connecting modifier to noun
- 都
- dōu — All; both; even; in every case
- 不能
- bù néng — Cannot; unable to; not capable of
- 在
- zài — At; in; exist at a location or time
- 瞬间
- shùn jiān — Instant; a very brief moment in time
- 将其
- jiāng qí — To take it; dispose of it; handle it
- 熄灭
- xī miè — Extinguish; put out; cause to cease burning
- 只能
- zhǐ néng — Can only; the sole available option
- 随着
- suí zhe — Along with; following; as something progresses
- 时间
- shí jiān — Time; a period or duration
- 推移
- tuī yí — Passage of time; elapse; gradual transition
- 逐渐
- zhú jiàn — Gradually; little by little; step by step
- 消除
- xiāo chú — Eliminate; remove; get rid of completely
- 正如
- zhèng rú — Just as; exactly like; in the same way
- 我们
- wǒ men — We; us; first-person plural pronoun
- 水中
- shuǐ zhōng — In water; within a body of water
- 所见
- suǒ jiàn — What is seen; that which is observed
- 风
- fēng — Wind; moving air; breeze
- 虽
- suī — Although; even though; despite the fact
- 停息
- tíng xī — Cease; die down; come to a stop
- 波浪
- bō làng — Waves; undulations on a water surface
- 却
- què — Yet; but; however; indicating contrast
- 仍会
- réng huì — Will still; continues to; nevertheless will
- 此后
- cǐ hòu — After this; thereafter; from this point on
- 很长
- hěn cháng — Very long; a lengthy period or distance
- 一段
- yī duàn — A period; a section; a stretch of time
- 内
- nèi — Within; inside; during a period
- 持续
- chí xù — Continue; persist; keep going over time
- 翻涌
- fān yǒng — Surge; churn; roll turbulently as waves
- 同样
- tóng yàng — Similarly; in the same way; likewise
- 情形
- qíng xíng — Situation; circumstance; state of affairs
- 也
- yě — Also; too; as well; likewise
- 发生
- fā shēng — Occur; happen; take place
- 人
- rén — Person; human being; people
- 内部
- nèi bù — Interior; inside; internal part of something
- 所
- suǒ — Particle indicating what follows is acted upon
- 产生
- chǎn shēng — Produce; generate; give rise to something
- 那种
- nà zhǒng — That kind; that type; that sort of
- 之中
- zhī zhōng — Within; among; in the midst of
- 即
- jí — That is; namely; i.e.; immediately
- 当
- dāng — When; while; at the time of
- 他
- tā — He; him; third-person masculine pronoun
- 观看
- guān kàn — Watch; observe; view attentively
- 梦见
- mèng jiàn — Dream of; see something in a dream
- 等等
- děng děng — And so on; et cetera; and other things
- 之时
- zhī shí — At the time of; when something occurs
- 因为
- yīn wèi — Because; since; due to the reason that
- 移走
- yí zǒu — Move away; remove; take something elsewhere
- 或
- huò — Or; either; alternatively
- 眼睛
- yǎn jīng — Eyes; the organs of sight
- 闭合
- bì hé — Close; shut; come together and seal
- 之后
- zhī hòu — After; afterwards; following an event
- 仍然
- réng rán — Still; yet; continue to be the case
- 保留
- bǎo liú — Retain; keep; preserve something intact
- 着
- zhe — Ongoing aspect particle indicating continuing state
- 之物
- zhī wù — That which; the thing that belongs to
- 影像
- yǐng xiàng — Image; visual impression; picture left behind
- 尽管
- jǐn guǎn — Although; despite; even though; regardless
- 比
- bǐ — Compare; than; more than something else
- 亲眼
- qīn yǎn — With one's own eyes; personally witnessed
- 看见
- kàn jiàn — See; catch sight of; perceive visually
- 时
- shí — When; at the time; during a moment
- 更为
- gèng wéi — Even more; to a greater degree
- 模糊
- mó hu — Blurry; vague; indistinct; unclear
- 这
- zhè — This; referring to something nearby or just mentioned
- 便是
- biàn shì — Is exactly; that is precisely; namely
- 所称
- suǒ chēng — What is called; referred to as
- 想象
- xiǎng xiàng — Imagination; to imagine; mental visualization
- 其名
- qí míng — Its name; the name of it
- 源自
- yuán zì — Originate from; derive from; trace back to
- 视觉
- shì jué — Vision; sense of sight; visual perception
- 形成
- xíng chéng — Form; develop; come into being
- 他们
- tā men — They; them; third-person plural pronoun
- 不甚
- bù shèn — Not very; not particularly; insufficiently
- 恰当
- qià dàng — Appropriate; fitting; suitable; proper
- 将
- jiāng — Will; about to; take and use something
- 此词
- cǐ cí — This word; this term being discussed
- 用于
- yòng yú — Used for; applied to; employed in context
- 所有
- suǒ yǒu — All; every; everything that exists
- 其他
- qí tā — Other; the rest; remaining ones
- 感官
- gǎn guān — Senses; sensory organs; faculties of perception
- 则
- zé — Then; in contrast; on the other hand
- 称之为
- chēng zhī wéi — Call it; refer to it as; name it
- 幻象
- huàn xiàng — Phantom; apparition; illusory mental image
- 意指
- yì zhǐ — Mean; signify; refer to in meaning
- 显现
- xiǎn xiàn — Appear; manifest; become visible or evident
- 这一
- zhè yī — This one; this particular item or concept
- 词
- cí — Word; term; character in language
- 对
- duì — For; regarding; correct; directed toward
- 一种
- yī zhǒng — A kind; one type; a sort of thing
- 适用
- shì yòng — Applicable; suitable; appropriate for use
- 因此
- yīn cǐ — Therefore; thus; for this reason
- 不过
- bù guò — However; but; merely; only
- 是
- shì — Is; am; are; to be
- 衰退
- shuāi tuì — Decline; decay; diminish gradually over time
- 感觉
- gǎn jué — Feeling; sensation; sense perception
- 存在
- cún zài — Exist; be present; have existence
- 于
- yú — In; at; from; literary preposition of location
- 人类
- rén lèi — Humanity; humankind; the human species
- 以及
- yǐ jí — As well as; along with; and also
- 许多
- xǔ duō — Many; a lot of; numerous
- 生物
- shēng wù — Living organisms; creatures; life forms
- 无论
- wú lùn — Regardless; no matter; whether or not
- 睡眠
- shuì mián — Sleep; the state of sleeping; slumber
- 还是
- hái shì — Or; still; whether; used in questions/alternatives
- 清醒
- qīng xǐng — Awake; alert; sober; fully conscious
- 记忆
- jì yì — Memory; recollection; ability to remember
- 之人
- zhī rén — The person who; one who possesses something
- 并非
- bìng fēi — Not at all; is definitely not; contrary to belief
- 中
- zhōng — Middle; among; within; in the center
- 本身
- běn shēn — Itself; in itself; by its own nature
- 而是
- ér shì — But rather; instead it is; on the contrary
- 遮蔽
- zhē bì — Cover; obscure; block from view or light
- 太阳
- tài yáng — Sun; the star at the center of our solar system
- 光芒
- guāng máng — Rays of light; radiance; brilliant glow
- 了
- le — Completion particle; indicates action is done
- 星辰
- xīng chén — Stars; celestial bodies; heavenly luminaries
- 那些
- nà xiē — Those; referring to plural distant things
- 白昼
- bái zhòu — Daytime; daylight hours; the period of day
- 发挥
- fā huī — Bring into play; exert; give full expression to
- 使其
- shǐ qí — Make it; cause it to; enable something
- 得以
- dé yǐ — Be able to; manage to; so as to allow
- 被见
- bèi jiàn — Be seen; be perceived; become visible
- 效能
- xiào néng — Efficacy; effectiveness; functional capacity
- 并不
- bìng bù — Not at all; definitely not; contrary to expectation
- 亚于
- yà yú — Inferior to; less than; fall short of
- 夜晚
- yè wǎn — Night; nighttime; the hours of darkness
Unlock audio playback, vocabulary games, and reading progress tracking.
Create free account →