McGuffey's Eclectic Primer, Revised Edition — Page 8

Vocabulary

船

fune — A vessel used for water transportation

が

ga — Subject marker particle in Japanese grammar

岩

iwa — A large rock or boulder

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or time

乗り上げ

noriage — To run aground or mount onto something

まし

mashi — Polite past tense auxiliary verb component

た

ta — Past tense grammatical ending in Japanese

五人

gonin — A group of five people

の

no — Possessive or linking particle in Japanese

男

otoko — A male person or man

乗っ

notte — Riding or being aboard something (te-form)

て

te — Conjunctive te-form grammatical particle

い

i — Stem of iru, indicating ongoing state or action

ます

masu — Polite verb ending for present or future tense

ボート

booto — A small rowboat or motorboat

彼ら

karera — Third person plural pronoun meaning they or them

ところ

tokoro — A place, location, or point in time

辿り着け

tadoritsuke — To manage to reach or arrive at a destination

なけれ

nakere — Negative conditional grammatical form component

ば

ba — Conditional particle meaning if or when

は

wa — Topic marker particle in Japanese grammar

溺れ

obore — To drown or be submerged in water

しまい

shimai — Indicates an undesirable completed action or result

勇敢

yuukan — Brave, courageous, or bold in character

な

na — Adjectival linking particle for na-adjectives

男たち

otokotachi — A group of men or males

を

wo — Object marker particle in Japanese grammar

救う

sukuu — To rescue or save someone from danger

でしょ

desho — Expresses probability or seeking agreement from listener

う

u — Volitional or speculative auxiliary verb ending

第

dai — Ordinal prefix meaning number or order

二十五課

nijuugoka — Lesson twenty-five in a textbook or curriculum

復習

fukushuu — Review or revision of previously learned material

さあ

saa — Interjection meaning well, come on, or now

少年たち

shounentachi — A group of young boys or male youths

よ

yo — Sentence-ending particle adding emphasis or assertion

牛

ushi — A cow or cattle used on farms

餌

esa — Food or feed given to animals

やり

yari — Giving or doing something for another (stem form)

なさい

nasai — Imperative form expressing a polite command

日

hi — The sun or a day of the week

沈ん

shizun — Sinking or setting below the horizon (conjunctive)

で

de — Particle indicating location, means, or cause

牛たち

ushitachi — A group of cows or cattle on a farm

納屋

naya — A barn or storage shed on a farm

ペット

petto — A domesticated animal kept as a companion

猫

neko — A domestic cat kept as a pet

首

kubi — The neck or head area of a body

鈴

suzu — A small bell that jingles when moved

つけ

tsuke — To attach, fasten, or put something on

ある

aru — To exist or be present (inanimate objects)

暑い

atsui — Hot in terms of air temperature or weather

と

to — Particle meaning and, with, or quotation marker

大きな

ookina — Large or big in size or scale

木

ki — A tree or wood as a material

陰

kage — Shadow or shade cast by an object

草

kusa — Grass or small plants growing on ground

上

ue — Above, on top of, or upper position

座り

suwari — Sitting down or being in a seated position

彼女たち

kanojotachi — A group of girls or women, meaning they

人形

ningyou — A doll or puppet used as a toy

揺ら

yura — To rock, sway, or swing gently back and forth

し

shi — Conjunctive verb form linking actions or reasons

歌

uta — A song or piece of music with lyrics

歌う

utau — To sing a song or melody aloud

好き

suki — To like or be fond of something

です

desu — Polite copula meaning is, am, or are

私たち

watashitachi — First person plural pronoun meaning we or us

へ

e — Directional particle indicating movement toward something

向かっ

mukatte — Heading or moving toward a destination (te-form)

できる

dekiru — To be able to do or accomplish something

なら

nara — Conditional particle meaning if or in that case

中

naka — Inside, within, or the middle of something

させ

sase — Causative verb form meaning to make or let someone do

ませ

mase — Polite imperative or request verb ending

ん

n — Negative or explanatory sentence-ending particle

目

me — The eye or eyesight as a body part

持つ

motsu — To hold, carry, or possess something

鳥

tori — A bird or fowl of any species

何

nani — What, used to ask about unknown things

か

ka — Question marker particle at sentence end

フクロウ

fukurou — An owl, a nocturnal bird of prey

夜

yoru — The nighttime or evening hours of a day

見え

mie — To be visible or able to be seen

はい

hai — Yes or affirmative response in Japanese

最も

mottomo — Most or the greatest degree of something

よく

yoku — Well, often, or frequently in a good manner

二十六課

nijuurokka — Lesson twenty-six in a textbook or curriculum

転ぶ

korobu — To fall down or tumble accidentally

氷

koori — Ice formed from frozen water

スケート

sukeeto — Ice skating or roller skating as an activity

泣く

naku — To cry or shed tears from emotion

一緒に

issho ni — Together or at the same time with others

持っ

motte — Holding or carrying something (te-form of motsu)

石

ishi — A stone or small rock found outdoors

挿絵

sashie — An illustration or picture inserted in a book

冬

fuyu — The winter season of the year

池

ike — A pond or small body of still water

いる

iru — To exist or be present (animate beings)

子供たち

kodomotachi — A group of children or young kids

あり

ari — Existence or presence of something (formal stem)

一人

hitori — One person alone or by themselves

少年

shounen — A young boy or male youth

それ

sore — That thing near the listener, that one

気づか

kizuka — To notice or become aware of something

ず

zu — Negative conjunctive form meaning without doing

転ん

koron — Falling down or tumbling (conjunctive form)

しかし

shikashi — However or but, a contrastive conjunction

彼

kare — Third person singular masculine pronoun meaning he

泣き

naki — Crying or weeping (stem form of naku)

川沿い

kawazoi — Along the river or riverside area

製材所

seizaisho — A sawmill where lumber is cut and processed

背景

haikei — Background or setting of a scene or picture

町

machi — A town or small city area

丘

oka — A hill or small elevated area of land

斜面

shamen — A slope or inclined surface of land

前景

zenkei — The foreground of a scene or picture

川

kawa — A river or stream of flowing water

近く

chikaku — Near, close to, or in the vicinity

遊ぶ

asobu — To play or enjoy recreational activities

二人

futari — Two people together as a pair

子供

kodomo — A child or young person

二十七課

nijuushichika — Lesson twenty-seven in a textbook or curriculum

見る

miru — To look at or watch something visually

行く

iku — To go or move toward a destination

ここ

koko — Here or this place near the speaker

すべて

subete — All, everything, or every single thing

車輪

sharin — A wheel of a vehicle or machine

製粉所

seifunsho — A mill where grain is ground into flour

丸い

marui — Round or circular in shape

見て

mite — Look or watch (te-form imperative of miru)

そば

soba — Beside, near, or next to something or someone