McGuffey's Eclectic Primer, Revised Edition — Page 9

Vocabulary

彼ら

karera — They; refers to a group of people

は

wa — Topic marker particle in Japanese sentences

大きな

ookina — Big; large in size or extent

車輪

sharin — Wheel; circular rotating mechanical component

が

ga — Subject marker particle in Japanese sentences

回る

mawaru — To spin; to rotate; to go around

の

no — Possessive or nominalizing particle

を

wo — Object marker particle in Japanese sentences

見る

miru — To see; to look at; to watch

好き

suki — Like; fond of; to have affection for

です

desu — Polite copula meaning 'is' or 'am'

丸太

maruta — Log; a cut section of a tree trunk

上

ue — Above; on top; upper position

や

ya — And; lists items in a non-exhaustive way

ボート

booto — Boat; small watercraft for rowing or sailing

中

naka — Inside; within; middle of something

で

de — Particle indicating location of action or means

遊び

asobi — Play; fun activity; recreation or amusement

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or purpose

来

ki — Come; stem form of the verb kuru

まし

mashi — Polite verb conjugation auxiliary element

た

ta — Past tense verb ending particle

と

to — And; with; connects nouns or indicates companion

ここ

koko — Here; this place; nearby location

一日中

ichinichijuu — All day long; throughout the entire day

遊ぶ

asobu — To play; to have fun; to amuse oneself

でしょう

deshoo — Probably; I suppose; expresses conjecture politely

牛

ushi — Cow; cattle; bovine farm animal

草

kusa — Grass; plant with thin green blades

木陰

kokage — Shade of a tree; sheltered spot under tree

立っ

tatt(e) — Standing; conjugated form of tatsu (to stand)

て

te — Connective particle linking actions or clauses

い

i — Stem of iru; indicates ongoing state or action

ます

masu — Polite verb ending for present or future tense

スケート

sukeeto — Skate; ice or roller skating activity

持っ

mott(e) — Holding; carrying; conjugated form of motsu

女の子

onnanoko — Girl; young female child or person

たち

tachi — Plural suffix indicating a group of people

彼女

kanojo — She; her; also informal word for girlfriend

氷

koori — Ice; frozen water; icy surface

ませ

mase — Polite imperative or negative auxiliary ending

ん

n — Negative or explanatory sentence-final particle

床

yuka — Floor; the ground surface of a room

転がり

korogari — Rolling; tumbling; conjugated form of korogaru

あなた

anata — You; second person singular pronoun

どちら

dochira — Which one; polite form of which or where

する

suru — To do; to perform; versatile action verb

か

ka — Question marker particle at sentence end

それとも

soretomo — Or; used to present an alternative choice

新しい

atarashii — New; fresh; recently made or acquired

黒い

kuroi — Black; dark-colored adjective

ドレス

doresu — Dress; a woman's one-piece garment

着

ki — Wearing; putting on clothing; stem of kiru

汽車

kisha — Steam train; old-fashioned locomotive-powered train

気

ki — Mind; spirit; attention; notice; feeling

つけ

tsuke — Be careful; watch out; imperative of tsukeru

なんと

nanto — How; what a; exclamation of surprise or emphasis

速く

hayaku — Quickly; fast; adverb form of hayai

やっ

yatt(e) — Doing; coming; colloquial form of yatte

来る

kuru — To come; to arrive at a place

こと

koto — Thing; fact; matter; nominalizer for verbs

どんな

donna — What kind of; what sort of thing

馬

uma — Horse; large domesticated equine animal

も

mo — Also; even; too; inclusive particle

ほど

hodo — As much as; to the extent of; degree

走る

hashiru — To run; to move quickly on foot

でき

deki — Can; be able to; stem of dekiru

追いかけ

oikake — Chasing; pursuing; stem of oikakeru

よう

yoo — Let's; volitional form expressing intention or suggestion

し

shi — Conjunctive verb ending; listing reasons or actions

転ん

koron(de) — Falling over; tripping; conjugated form of korobu

けが

kega — Injury; wound; physical harm from accident

いけない

ikenai — Must not; should not; it is not allowed

から

kara — Because; from; since; causal or origin particle

見

mi — Look; see; stem form of the verb miru

いる

iru — To be; to exist; used for animate subjects

ごらん

goran — Please look; polite imperative to direct attention

彼

kare — He; him; third person masculine singular pronoun

逃げ

nige — Fleeing; escaping; stem of the verb nigeru

ない

nai — Not; negative auxiliary for verbs and adjectives

池

ike — Pond; a small body of still water

張っ

hatt(e) — Stretched; frozen over; conjugated form of haru

水車

suisha — Waterwheel; wheel driven by flowing water

男の子

otokonoko — Boy; young male child or person

皆

mina — Everyone; all people present; everybody

履い

hai(te) — Wearing on feet; putting on shoes or skates

出

de — Going out; exiting; stem of the verb deru

さ

sa — Casual sentence-ending particle for assertion

せ

se — Causative verb ending; make or let someone do

あげ

age — Give; do for someone; stem of ageru

ましょう

mashoo — Let's; polite volitional ending suggesting joint action

でも

demo — But; however; even so; contrastive conjunction

転ば

koroba — Fall over; conditional stem of korobu

ください

kudasai — Please; polite request for an action or item

よ

yo — Sentence-ending particle adding emphasis or assertion

同じ

onaji — Same; identical; equal in kind or degree

くらい

kurai — About; approximately; to the same degree as

しよう

shiyoo — Let's do; volitional form of the verb suru

しまい

shimai — End up doing; unfortunately finishing an action