McGuffey's Eclectic Primer, Revised Edition — Page 2

Vocabulary

Эти

Eti — These; demonstrative pronoun referring to nearby objects

новые

novyye — New; adjective describing something recently made or introduced

слова

slova — Words; plural of слово, units of language

и

i — And; basic coordinating conjunction connecting words or clauses

элементарные

elementarnyye — Elementary; basic, simple, at the foundational level

звуки

zvuki — Sounds; plural of звук, acoustic units of speech

всегда

vsegda — Always; at all times, on every occasion

можно

mozhno — One can; it is possible or permissible

найти

nayti — To find; to locate or discover something

в

v — In, at, into; common preposition indicating location or direction

словаре

slovare — In the dictionary; prepositional case of словарь

урока

uroka — Of the lesson; genitive case of урок

котором

kotorom — In which; relative pronoun in prepositional case

они

oni — They; third-person plural personal pronoun

впервые

vpervyye — For the first time; occurring as a first instance

используются

ispol'zuyutsya — Are used; third-person plural passive present of использовать

План

Plan — Plan, layout; organized structure or arrangement of content

книги

knigi — Of the book; genitive case of книга

позволяет

pozvolyayet — Allows, permits; enables someone to do something

учителю

uchitelyu — To the teacher; dative case of учитель

применять

primenyat' — To apply, to use; to put a method into practice

Фонетический

Foneticheskiy — Phonetic; relating to the sounds of speech

метод

metod — Method; a systematic way of doing something

Словесный

Slovesnyy — Word-based; relating to verbal or word-level instruction

Алфавитный

Alfavitnyy — Alphabetic; relating to or arranged by the alphabet

или

ili — Or; conjunction presenting an alternative choice

любое

lyuboye — Any; whichever, any one of several options

сочетание

sochetaniye — Combination; a blend or mix of different elements

этих

etikh — Of these; genitive plural demonstrative pronoun

методов

metodov — Of methods; genitive plural of метод

Иллюстрации

Illyustratsii — Illustrations; pictures accompanying and explaining text

самого

samogo — Of the very, of the highest; genitive of сам used for emphasis

высокого

vysokogo — Of high; genitive of высокий, describing elevated quality

качества

kachestva — Of quality; genitive of качество, standard or grade

были

byli — Were; past tense plural of быть, to be

щедро

shchedro — Generously, lavishly; in an abundant and giving manner

предоставлены

predostavleny — Were provided, furnished; short-form past passive participle

опытный

opytnyy — Experienced, skilled; having practical knowledge and expertise

учитель

uchitel' — Teacher; a person who instructs students

сможет

smozhet — Will be able to; future perfective of мочь

использовать

ispol'zovat' — To use; to employ something for a purpose

их

ikh — Them, their; third-person plural pronoun in genitive/accusative

с

s — With; preposition indicating accompaniment or means

большой

bol'shoy — Great, big; adjective indicating large size or degree

пользой

pol'zoy — Benefit, use; instrumental case of польза, advantage

Упражнения

Uprazhneniya — Exercises; tasks designed for practice and skill-building

по

po — In, on, according to; versatile preposition with many uses

письму

pis'mu — Writing; dative case of письмо, written language or script

представленные

predstavlennyye — Presented, featured; full-form past passive participle

на

na — On, at, onto; common preposition of location or direction

протяжении

protyazhenii — Throughout; prepositional of протяжение, extent or span

всей

vsey — Of the whole, entire; genitive feminine of весь

доске

doske — Board; prepositional case of доска, a flat writing surface

конце

kontse — At the end; prepositional case of конец

специально

spetsial'no — Specially, specifically; done for a particular purpose

написаны

napisany — Were written; short-form past passive participle of написать

тщательно

tshchatel'no — Carefully, thoroughly; with great attention to detail

для

dlya — For; preposition indicating purpose or intended recipient

Букваря

Bukvárya — Of the primer; genitive of букварь, an ABC reading book

могут

mogut — Can, are able to; third-person plural of мочь

используются

ispol'zuyutsya — Are used; third-person plural reflexive present tense

обучения

obucheniya — Of teaching, training; genitive of обучение, instruction

чтению

chteniyu — Reading; dative case of чтение, the act of reading

рукописного

rukopisnogo — Handwritten, manuscript; genitive of рукописный

текста

teksta — Of the text; genitive of текст, written or printed content

как

kak — As, how, like; conjunction or adverb of manner

обучении

obuchenii — In instruction; prepositional case of обучение

В

V — In; preposition indicating location or condition

полной

polnoy — Full, complete; genitive feminine of полный

уверенности

uverennosti — Confidence, certainty; genitive of уверенность

что

chto — That, what; conjunction or interrogative pronoun

публика

publika — The public, audience; people in general or spectators

оценит

otsenít — Will appreciate, value; future perfective of оценить

недорогой

nedorogoy — Inexpensive, affordable; not costly in price

привлекательный

privlekatel'nyy — Attractive, appealing; pleasing in appearance or character

Букварь

Bukvar' — Primer, ABC book; beginner's book for learning to read

подобного

podobnogo — Of such a, similar; genitive of подобный

рода

roda — Kind, sort; genitive of род, type or category

Издатели

Izdateli — Publishers; people or companies that publish books

не

ne — Not; basic negation particle in Russian

пожалели

pozhaleli — Did not spare, regretted; past tense of пожалеть

средств

sredstv — Of funds, resources; genitive plural of средство

то

to — That; demonstrative pronoun or particle for emphasis

чтобы

chtoby — So that, in order to; conjunction of purpose

эта

eta — This; feminine singular demonstrative pronoun

книга

kniga — Book; a printed or written literary work

уступала

ustupala — Yielded, was inferior to; past feminine of уступать

ни

ni — Neither, nor; negative particle used with negation

одной

odnoy — To one; dative/genitive feminine of один, a single one

из

iz — From, of; preposition indicating origin or part of a group

выпущенных

vypushchennykh — Of those published, released; genitive plural past passive participle

Издательством

Izdatel'stvom — By the publishing house; instrumental of издательство

бумаге

bumage — Paper; dative/prepositional of бумага, writing material

иллюстрациям

illyustratsiyam — Illustrations; dative plural of иллюстрация

АЛФАВИТ

ALFAVIT — Alphabet; the complete ordered set of letters

Иллюстрация

Illyustratsiya — Illustration; a picture accompanying explanatory text

Кошка

Koshka — Cat; a domestic feline animal

наблюдающая

nablyudayushchaya — Watching, observing; feminine present active participle of наблюдать

за

za — Behind, after, for; preposition with various meanings

букварь

bukvar' — Primer; a beginner's book for learning to read

Урок

Urok — Lesson; a unit of instruction or study

Крыса

Krysa — Rat; a rodent larger than a mouse