McGuffey's Second Eclectic Reader — Page 55

Vocabulary

流れる

nagareru — To flow, as water moves along a path

広い

hiroi — Wide, spacious, or expansive in area

急な

kyuu na — Steep, sudden, or abrupt in nature

湖

mizuumi — A lake, a large inland body of water

きらきら輝く

kirakira kagayaku — To sparkle or glitter brightly with light

挿絵

sashie — An illustration or picture inserted in text

手前

temae — In front of, this side, near one's position

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or time

背景

haikei — Background, setting, or backdrop of a scene

山

yama — A mountain or large hill landform

神

kami — A god, deity, or divine spiritual being

は

wa — Topic marker particle identifying the sentence subject

偉大

idai — Great, magnificent, or extraordinarily impressive

して

shite — Conjunctive form of 'suru', meaning doing or being

善

zen — Goodness, virtue, or moral righteousness

なり

nari — Classical copula meaning 'is' or 'to be'

一

ichi / hito — The number one; first

が

ga — Subject marker particle in Japanese grammar

太陽

taiyou — The sun, the star at the center of our solar system

を

wo — Object marker particle indicating the direct object

造ら

tsukura — Stem form of 'to make or create something'

れた

reta — Passive past tense suffix meaning 'was done'

こと

koto — A thing, fact, or nominalized verb phrase

私

watashi — First-person pronoun meaning 'I' or 'me'

知っ

shit(te) — Stem of 'to know', indicating awareness or knowledge

て

te — Conjunctive particle connecting sequential actions

いる

iru — To exist, be present; auxiliary for ongoing states

昼

hiru — Daytime, noon, or the middle of the day

光

hikari — Light, radiance, or a beam of illumination

で

de — Particle indicating means, location of action, or scope

満たす

mitasu — To fill up, satisfy, or fulfill completely

ため

tame — For the purpose of, for the sake of

きらめく

kirameku — To glitter, twinkle, or shimmer with light

星々

hoshiboshi — Stars (plural), the many stars in the night sky

夜通し

yodōshi — All through the night, throughout the entire night

輝く

kagayaku — To shine, gleam, or radiate brilliantly

よう

you — So that, in order to, expressing purpose or manner

二

ni / futa — The number two; second

丘

oka — A hill, a gentle elevated landform

とても

totemo — Very, extremely, quite; intensifying adverb

高く

takaku — High, tall; adverbial form of 'takai'

そびえ

sobie — To tower or loom up impressively over surroundings

急峻

kyuushun — Precipitous, very steep and rugged terrain

な

na — Adjectival linking particle for na-adjectives

と

to — Particle meaning 'and', 'with', or quotation marker

海

umi — The sea or ocean, a vast body of saltwater

こんなに

konnani — So much, this much, to this extent

も

mo — Particle meaning 'also', 'too', or 'even'

広く

hiroku — Widely, spaciously; adverbial form of 'hiroi'

深い

fukai — Deep in depth, profound, or intense

三

san / mit — The number three; third

川

kawa — A river or stream flowing through land

森

mori — A forest or woods, a dense area of trees

や

ya — Particle meaning 'and' among listed items

谷

tani — A valley, a low area between hills or mountains

小川

ogawa — A small stream or brook flowing gently

小さく

chiisaku — Smallly, in a small way; adverb from 'chiisai'

跳ぶ

tobu — To jump, leap, or hop into the air

四

shi / yon — The number four; fourth

鳥

tori — A bird, a feathered winged animal

一日中

ichinichijuu — All day long, throughout the entire day

美しく

utsukushiku — Beautifully; adverbial form of 'utsukushii'

さえずる

saezuru — To chirp or twitter, as birds sing melodiously

花

hana — A flower, a bloom of a plant

輝かしく

kagayakashiku — Brilliantly, gloriously, in a radiant manner

清々しく

sugasugashiku — Refreshingly, pleasantly clear and pure

明るい

akarui — Bright, cheerful, or well-lit

五

go / itsu — The number five; fifth

そして

soshite — And then, and also; a conjunctive linking ideas

これら

korera — These things; plural demonstrative pronoun

すべて

subete — All, everything, the whole of something

あなた

anata — You; second-person pronoun in Japanese

ああ

aa — Oh! Ah! Exclamation expressing emotion or realization

感謝

kansha — Gratitude, appreciation, or thankfulness

しよ

shiyo — Volitional stem of 'suru', meaning 'let's do'

う

u — Volitional ending expressing intention or suggestion

なる

naru — To become, to turn into something

ゆえ

yue — Therefore, because of, for that reason

第

dai — Prefix for ordinal numbers meaning 'number' or 'No.'

五十六

gojuuroku — The number fifty-six

課

ka — A lesson, chapter, or section in a textbook

くわ

kuwa — A hoe, a farming tool for digging soil

墓

haka — A grave or tomb, a burial site

ノック

nokku — A knock, the act of knocking on a door

除い

nozoi — Excluding, except for, setting aside

おかしな

okashina — Strange, funny, or peculiar in an odd way

賛美歌

sanbika — A hymn, a religious song of praise

祈っ

inot(te) — Stem of 'to pray', offering prayer or wishes

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary indicating completed action

小屋

koya — A small hut, shed, or simple cottage

二人

futari — Two people, a pair of individuals

の

no — Possessive or linking particle connecting nouns

幼い

osanai — Young, infant-like, very small in age

少女

shoujo — A young girl, a female child or adolescent

抱く

daku — To hold, embrace, or carry someone in arms

老人

roujin — An elderly person, an old man or woman

善良

zenryou — Good-natured, kind, and virtuous in character

昔

mukashi — Long ago, the old days, ancient times

こぢんまり

kojinmari — Snug, compact, and neatly small in size

した

shita — Past tense of 'suru'; did, was (adjective modifier)

小さな

chiisana — Small, little; attributive form before a noun

一人

hitori — One person, alone, by oneself

住ん

sun(de) — Stem of 'to live' or 'to reside' somewhere

い

i — Short form of 'iru', indicating an ongoing state

部屋

heya — A room, an enclosed living or working space

二つ

futatsu — Two things; the native Japanese counter for objects

窓

mado — A window, an opening in a wall for light

たった

tatta — Only, merely, just that small amount

しか

shika — Only, nothing but; used with negative verbs

なかっ

nakaт(ta) — Past negative form of 'nai', meaning 'was not'

庭

niwa — A garden or yard, outdoor space near a home

すぐ

sugu — Immediately, right away, or very close by

裏手

urate — The back or rear side of a building or place

あっ

at(te) — Stem of 'aru', meaning 'existed' or 'was there'

その

sono — That (near listener); demonstrative adjective

老い

oi — Old age; aging, the state of growing old

男

otoko — A man, a male person

年老い

toshioi — Aged, having grown old over many years

かかわら

kakawara — Stem of 'regardless of', despite, notwithstanding

ず

zu — Negative conjunctive suffix meaning 'without doing'

畑

hatake — A field or farm plot for growing crops

働い

hataraki — Stem of 'to work', engaging in labor or toil

シャベル

shaberu — A shovel or spade used for digging

肩

kata — A shoulder, the upper part of the arm joint

担ぎ

katsugi — Carrying on the shoulder, bearing a load

ひどく

hidoku — Terribly, severely, extremely in a bad way

疲れ

tsukare — Fatigue, tiredness; stem of 'to get tired'

果て

hate — Completely exhausted; end or extremity of something

家

ie / uchi — A house or home, one's dwelling place

帰る

kaeru — To return home or go back to a place

しばしば

shibashiba — Often, frequently, repeatedly happening

だっ

dat(ta) — Past tense of the copula 'da', meaning 'was'

戸口

toguchi — A doorway or entrance of a building

彼

kare — He, him; third-person male pronoun

出迎え

demukae — A welcoming reception; going out to greet someone

誰

dare — Who; an interrogative pronoun asking for a person

だ

da — Copula meaning 'is' or 'are' in Japanese

思う

omou — To think, believe, or feel something

か

ka — Question marker particle at end of a sentence

孫娘

magomusume — A granddaughter, one's son's or daughter's daughter

たち

tachi — Plural suffix for people or animate beings