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Meditations — Page 3

English → Pt Preface Level 9/10

Ceionius Commodus, whom Antoninus had adopted as a younger son at the same time with Marcus, giving him the name of Lucius Aurelius Verus.

Ceionius Commodus, que Antonino havia adotado como filho mais novo ao mesmo tempo que Marco, dando-lhe o nome de Lúcio Aurélio Vero.

Henceforth the two are colleagues in the empire, the junior being trained as it were to succeed.

A partir de então, os dois são colegas no império, sendo o mais jovem treinado como se fosse para suceder.

No sooner was Marcus settled upon the throne than wars broke out on all sides.

Mal Marco se estabeleceu no trono, guerras eclodiram em todos os lados.

In the east, Vologeses III. of Parthia began a long-meditated revolt by destroying a whole Roman Legion and invading Syria (162).

No oriente, Vologeses III da Pártia iniciou uma revolta longamente meditada, destruindo uma legião romana inteira e invadindo a Síria (162).

Verus was sent off in hot haste to quell this rising; and he fulfilled his trust by plunging into drunkenness and debauchery, while the war was left to his officers.

Vero foi enviado às pressas para sufocar essa revolta; e cumpriu sua missão mergulhando na embriaguez e na devassidão, enquanto a guerra foi deixada a cargo de seus oficiais.

Soon after Marcus had to face a more serious danger at home in the coalition of several powerful tribes on the northern frontier.

Logo depois, Marco teve de enfrentar um perigo mais grave em casa, na coalizão de várias tribos poderosas na fronteira norte.

Chief among those were the Marcomanni or Marchmen, the Quadi (mentioned in this book), the Sarmatians, the Catti, the Jazyges.

Entre elas, as principais eram os Marcomanos ou Homens da Marca, os Quados (mencionados neste livro), os Sármatas, os Catos e os Jazigas.

In Rome itself there was pestilence and starvation, the one brought from the east by Verus's legions, the other caused by floods which had destroyed vast quantities of grain.

Na própria Roma havia pestilência e fome, a primeira trazida do oriente pelas legiões de Vero, a segunda causada por inundações que haviam destruído vastas quantidades de grãos.

After all had been done possible to allay famine and to supply pressing needs--Marcus being forced even to sell the imperial jewels to find money--both emperors set forth to a struggle which was to continue more or less during the rest of Marcus's reign.

Depois de se ter feito tudo o possível para aliviar a fome e suprir as necessidades urgentes — sendo Marco obrigado até mesmo a vender as joias imperiais para obter dinheiro —, ambos os imperadores partiram para uma luta que haveria de continuar, de certa forma, durante o restante do reinado de Marco.

During these wars, in 169, Verus died.

Durante essas guerras, em 169, Vero morreu.

Vocabulary

que
Conjunction meaning 'that,' 'which,' or 'who.'
havia
Past tense of 'haver,' meaning 'had' or 'there was.'
adotado
Past participle of 'adotar,' meaning 'adopted.'
como
Preposition or conjunction meaning 'as' or 'like.'
filho
Noun meaning 'son' or 'child.'
mais
Adverb or adjective meaning 'more' or 'most.'
novo
Adjective meaning 'new' or 'young.'
ao
Contraction of 'a' and 'o,' meaning 'to the.'
mesmo
Adjective or pronoun meaning 'same' or 'even.'
tempo
Noun meaning 'time' or 'weather.'
dando-lhe
Gerund with pronoun, meaning 'giving him/her.'
o
Definite article meaning 'the' for masculine nouns.
nome
Noun meaning 'name.'
de
Preposition meaning 'of,' 'from,' or 'about.'
A
Preposition or article meaning 'to' or 'the.'
partir
Verb meaning 'to depart,' 'to leave,' or 'to start.'
então
Adverb meaning 'then,' 'so,' or 'at that time.'
os
Definite article meaning 'the' for masculine plural nouns.
dois
Numeral meaning 'two.'
são
Third person plural of 'ser,' meaning 'are.'
colegas
Noun meaning 'colleagues' or 'partners.'
no
Contraction of 'em' and 'o,' meaning 'in the.'
império
Noun meaning 'empire.'
sendo
Gerund of 'ser,' meaning 'being.'
jovem
Adjective or noun meaning 'young' or 'youth.'
treinado
Past participle of 'treinar,' meaning 'trained.'
se
Reflexive pronoun or conjunction meaning 'if' or 'oneself.'
fosse
Imperfect subjunctive of 'ser/ir,' meaning 'were' or 'went.'
para
Preposition meaning 'for,' 'to,' or 'in order to.'
suceder
Verb meaning 'to succeed' or 'to follow after.'
Mal
Adverb meaning 'hardly,' 'scarcely,' or 'barely.'
estabeleceu
Past tense of 'estabelecer,' meaning 'established.'
trono
Noun meaning 'throne.'
guerras
Plural noun meaning 'wars.'
eclodiram
Past tense of 'eclodir,' meaning 'broke out.'
em
Preposition meaning 'in,' 'at,' or 'on.'
todos
Pronoun or adjective meaning 'all' or 'every.'
lados
Plural noun meaning 'sides' or 'directions.'
No
Contraction of 'em' and 'o,' meaning 'in the.'
oriente
Noun meaning 'east' or 'orient.'
da
Contraction of 'de' and 'a,' meaning 'of the.'
iniciou
Past tense of 'iniciar,' meaning 'began' or 'started.'
uma
Indefinite article meaning 'a' or 'one' feminine.
revolta
Noun meaning 'revolt' or 'uprising.'
longamente
Adverb meaning 'for a long time' or 'at length.'
meditada
Past participle of 'meditar,' meaning 'pondered' or 'planned.
destruindo
Gerund of 'destruir,' meaning 'destroying.'
legião
Noun meaning 'legion,' a Roman military unit.
romana
Adjective meaning 'Roman,' relating to Rome.
inteira
Adjective meaning 'entire' or 'whole.'
e
Conjunction meaning 'and.'
invadindo
Gerund of 'invadir,' meaning 'invading.'
a
Definite article or preposition meaning 'the' or 'to.'
foi
Past tense of 'ser/ir,' meaning 'was' or 'went.'
enviado
Past participle of 'enviar,' meaning 'sent.'
às
Contraction of 'a' and 'as,' meaning 'to the' feminine plural.
pressas
Noun meaning 'haste'; 'às pressas' means 'in a hurry.'
sufocar
Verb meaning 'to suppress,' 'to stifle,' or 'to crush.'
essa
Demonstrative pronoun meaning 'that' feminine singular.
cumpriu
Past tense of 'cumprir,' meaning 'fulfilled' or 'carried out.'
sua
Possessive pronoun meaning 'his,' 'her,' or 'its.'
missão
Noun meaning 'mission' or 'assignment.'
mergulhando
Gerund of 'mergulhar,' meaning 'plunging into' or 'diving.
na
Contraction of 'em' and 'a,' meaning 'in the.'
embriaguez
Noun meaning 'drunkenness' or 'intoxication.'
devassidão
Noun meaning 'debauchery' or 'licentiousness.'
enquanto
Conjunction meaning 'while' or 'whereas.'
guerra
Noun meaning 'war.'
deixada
Past participle of 'deixar,' meaning 'left' or 'abandoned.'
cargo
Noun meaning 'charge,' 'responsibility,' or 'office.'
seus
Possessive pronoun meaning 'his,' 'her,' or 'their' plural.
oficiais
Plural noun meaning 'officers' or 'officials.'
Logo
Adverb meaning 'soon,' 'then,' or 'right away.'
depois
Adverb meaning 'after' or 'afterwards.'
teve
Past tense of 'ter,' meaning 'had' or 'had to.'
enfrentar
Verb meaning 'to face' or 'to confront.'
um
Indefinite article meaning 'a' or 'one' masculine.
perigo
Noun meaning 'danger' or 'peril.'
grave
Adjective meaning 'serious,' 'severe,' or 'grave.'
casa
Noun meaning 'house' or 'home.'
coalizão
Noun meaning 'coalition' or 'alliance.'
várias
Adjective meaning 'various' or 'several' feminine plural.
tribos
Plural noun meaning 'tribes.'
poderosas
Adjective meaning 'powerful' or 'mighty' feminine plural.
fronteira
Noun meaning 'border' or 'frontier.'
norte
Noun meaning 'north.'
Entre
Preposition meaning 'between' or 'among.'
elas
Personal pronoun meaning 'they' or 'them' feminine.
as
Definite article meaning 'the' for feminine plural nouns.
principais
Adjective meaning 'main,' 'principal,' or 'chief.'
eram
Imperfect past of 'ser,' meaning 'were.'
ou
Conjunction meaning 'or.'
Homens
Plural noun meaning 'men' or 'people.'
Marca
Noun meaning 'mark,' 'border,' or 'march.'
mencionados
Past participle of 'mencionar,' meaning 'mentioned.'
neste
Contraction of 'em' and 'este,' meaning 'in this.'
livro
Noun meaning 'book.'
Na
Contraction of 'em' and 'a,' meaning 'in the.'
própria
Adjective meaning 'own,' 'very,' or 'itself' feminine.
pestilência
Noun meaning 'pestilence' or 'plague.'
fome
Noun meaning 'hunger' or 'famine.'
primeira
Ordinal adjective meaning 'first' feminine.
trazida
Past participle of 'trazer,' meaning 'brought.'
do
Contraction of 'de' and 'o,' meaning 'from the' or 'of the.'
pelas
Contraction of 'por' and 'as,' meaning 'by the' feminine plural.
legiões
Plural noun meaning 'legions,' Roman military units.
segunda
Ordinal adjective meaning 'second' feminine.
causada
Past participle of 'causar,' meaning 'caused.'
por
Preposition meaning 'by,' 'for,' or 'through.'
inundações
Plural noun meaning 'floods' or 'inundations.'
haviam
Past tense of 'haver,' meaning 'had' third person plural.
destruído
Past participle of 'destruir,' meaning 'destroyed.'
vastas
Adjective meaning 'vast' or 'enormous' feminine plural.
quantidades
Plural noun meaning 'quantities' or 'amounts.'
grãos
Plural noun meaning 'grains' or 'cereals.'
Depois
Adverb or preposition meaning 'after' or 'afterwards.'
ter
Verb meaning 'to have.'
feito
Past participle of 'fazer,' meaning 'done' or 'made.'
tudo
Pronoun meaning 'everything' or 'all.'
possível
Adjective meaning 'possible.'
aliviar
Verb meaning 'to relieve' or 'to alleviate.'
suprir
Verb meaning 'to supply,' 'to provide,' or 'to meet.'
necessidades
Plural noun meaning 'needs' or 'necessities.'
urgentes
Adjective meaning 'urgent' or 'pressing' plural.
obrigado
Adjective meaning 'obliged' or 'forced'; also 'thank you.'
até
Preposition or adverb meaning 'until,' 'even,' or 'up to.'
vender
Verb meaning 'to sell.'
joias
Plural noun meaning 'jewels' or 'jewelry.'
imperiais
Adjective meaning 'imperial' plural.
obter
Verb meaning 'to obtain' or 'to get.'
dinheiro
Noun meaning 'money.'
ambos
Pronoun or adjective meaning 'both.'
imperadores
Plural noun meaning 'emperors.'
partiram
Past tense of 'partir,' meaning 'departed' or 'left.'
luta
Noun meaning 'fight,' 'struggle,' or 'battle.'
haveria
Conditional of 'haver,' meaning 'there would be.'
continuar
Verb meaning 'to continue' or 'to carry on.'
certa
Adjective meaning 'certain' or 'some' feminine.
forma
Noun meaning 'form,' 'way,' or 'manner.'
durante
Preposition meaning 'during' or 'throughout.'
restante
Adjective or noun meaning 'remaining' or 'the rest.'
reinado
Noun meaning 'reign' or 'rule.'
Durante
Preposition meaning 'during' or 'throughout.'
essas
Demonstrative pronoun meaning 'those' feminine plural.
morreu
Past tense of 'morrer,' meaning 'died.'
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