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Middlemarch — Page 2

English → Fr CHAPTER I. Level 9/10

The pride of being ladies had something to do with it: the Brooke connections, though not exactly aristocratic, were unquestionably "good:" if you inquired backward for a generation or two, you would not find any yard-measuring or parcel-tying forefathers—anything lower than an admiral or a clergyman; and there was even an ancestor discernible as a Puritan gentleman who served under Cromwell, but afterwards conformed, and managed to come out of all political troubles as the proprietor of a respectable family estate.

La fierté d'être des dames y était pour quelque chose : les relations des Brooke, bien que pas exactement aristocratiques, étaient incontestablement « bonnes » : si l'on remontait d'une génération ou deux, on ne trouverait aucun ancêtre mesureur de tissu ou faiseur de paquets — rien de plus humble qu'un amiral ou un ecclésiastique ; et l'on pouvait même discerner un ancêtre qui était un gentilhomme puritain ayant servi sous Cromwell, mais qui s'était ensuite conformé, et avait réussi à sortir de tous les troubles politiques en tant que propriétaire d'un respectable domaine familial.

Young women of such birth, living in a quiet country-house, and attending a village church hardly larger than a parlor, naturally regarded frippery as the ambition of a huckster's daughter.

De jeunes femmes d'une telle naissance, vivant dans une tranquille maison de campagne et fréquentant une église de village à peine plus grande qu'un salon, considéraient naturellement la frivolité comme l'ambition de la fille d'un camelot.

Then there was well-bred economy, which in those days made show in dress the first item to be deducted from, when any margin was required for expenses more distinctive of rank.

Il y avait aussi l'économie bien élevée, qui en ces temps-là faisait de l'ostentation vestimentaire le premier poste dont on déduisait, lorsqu'il fallait dégager une marge pour des dépenses plus caractéristiques du rang.

Such reasons would have been enough to account for plain dress, quite apart from religious feeling; but in Miss Brooke's case, religion alone would have determined it; and Celia mildly acquiesced in all her sister's sentiments, only infusing them with that common-sense which is able to accept momentous doctrines without any eccentric agitation.

De telles raisons auraient suffi à expliquer la simplicité vestimentaire, indépendamment de tout sentiment religieux ; mais dans le cas de Miss Brooke, la religion seule en aurait décidé ainsi ; et Célia acquiesçait doucement à tous les sentiments de sa sœur, en les tempérant seulement de ce bon sens qui est capable d'accepter des doctrines importantes sans aucune agitation excentrique.

Dorothea knew many passages of Pascal's Pensees and of Jeremy Taylor by heart; and to her the destinies of mankind, seen by the light of Christianity, made the solicitudes of feminine fashion appear an occupation for Bedlam.

Dorothea connaissait par cœur de nombreux passages des Pensées de Pascal et de Jeremy Taylor ; et pour elle, les destins de l'humanité, vus à la lumière du christianisme, faisaient paraître les préoccupations de la mode féminine comme une occupation digne de Bedlam.

Vocabulary

fierté
Pride; a feeling of satisfaction or self-respect
être
To be; fundamental linking or auxiliary verb
dames
Ladies; women of refined or high social standing
y
There; pronoun replacing a previously mentioned place
était
Was; third-person singular imperfect of 'être'
quelque
Some; an indefinite quantity or degree
chose
Thing; a general word for any object or matter
relations
Relations; connections or ties between people or families
bien
Well; used to qualify or affirm a statement
exactement
Exactly; precisely or in a perfectly accurate manner
aristocratiques
Aristocratic; relating to the nobility or upper class
étaient
Were; third-person plural imperfect of 'être'
incontestablement
Indisputably; without any possible doubt or challenge
on
One; indefinite pronoun referring to people generally
remontait
Went back up; traced back through time or lineage
génération
Generation; a group of people born in same era
trouverait
Would find; conditional of 'trouver', to find
aucun
No, none; negative determiner indicating absence
ancêtre
Ancestor; a person from whom one is descended
mesureur
Measurer; one who measures, especially fabrics
tissu
Fabric, cloth; woven or knitted textile material
faiseur
Maker; one who makes or produces something
paquets
Packages, bundles; wrapped or bundled items
rien
Nothing; pronoun indicating complete absence
humble
Humble; of low social rank or modest status
amiral
Admiral; a high-ranking naval military officer
ecclésiastique
Ecclesiastic; relating to the church or clergy
pouvait
Could; imperfect of 'pouvoir', to be able
même
Even, same; used for emphasis or comparison
discerner
To discern; to perceive or distinguish something clearly
gentilhomme
Gentleman; a man of noble or gentle birth
puritain
Puritan; relating to strict Protestant religious movement
ayant
Having; present participle of 'avoir', to have
servi
Served; past participle of 'servir', to serve
sous
Under; preposition indicating subordination or position below
ensuite
Then, afterwards; indicating temporal sequence of events
conformé
Conformed; adapted or complied with prevailing norms
avait
Had; third-person singular imperfect of 'avoir'
réussi
Succeeded; past participle of 'réussir', to succeed
sortir
To get out; to emerge from a difficult situation
tous
All; masculine plural determiner or pronoun
troubles
Troubles; disturbances, conflicts, or periods of unrest
politiques
Political; relating to government, power, or politics
tant
As; used in expression 'en tant que' meaning as
propriétaire
Owner; a person who legally owns property or land
respectable
Respectable; worthy of esteem or social regard
domaine
Estate, domain; a landed property or area of land
familial
Family; relating to or belonging to one's family
jeunes
Young; adjective describing people of little age
femmes
Women; adult female persons
telle
Such; of that kind or degree
naissance
Birth; origin or social background of a person
vivant
Living; present participle of 'vivre', to live
tranquille
Quiet, calm; peaceful and undisturbed in character
maison
House; a building used as a human dwelling
campagne
Countryside; rural area away from urban centres
fréquentant
Attending; regularly visiting a place or institution
église
Church; a Christian place of worship
village
Village; a small rural settlement or community
peine
Hardly; scarcely, with difficulty or barely at all
salon
Drawing room; a formal reception room in a house
considéraient
Considered; imperfect of 'considérer', to regard or view
naturellement
Naturally; of course, in a natural or expected way
frivolité
Frivolity; lack of seriousness; trivial behaviour
ambition
Ambition; strong desire to achieve something significant
fille
Girl, daughter; a young female person
camelot
Street vendor; peddler selling cheap or showy goods
aussi
Also, too; indicating addition or similarity
économie
Economy, thrift; careful management of financial resources
élevée
High, elevated; raised to a great level or degree
temps-là
Those times; referring to a specific past period
faisait
Made, did; imperfect of 'faire', to make or do
ostentation
Ostentation; showy display intended to impress others
vestimentaire
Relating to clothing; concerning dress or attire
premier
First; the earliest or foremost in order or rank
poste
Post, item; a budget category or expenditure entry
dont
Of which, from which; relative pronoun of possession
déduisait
Deducted; imperfect of 'déduire', to subtract or deduct
lorsqu'
When; conjunction introducing a temporal clause
fallait
Was necessary; imperfect of 'falloir', to be needed
dégager
To free up; to release or clear a margin or space
marge
Margin; a surplus amount available for extra spending
dépenses
Expenses; money spent on goods or services
caractéristiques
Characteristic; typical features of a particular group
rang
Rank; social position or standing in a hierarchy
telles
Such; feminine plural of 'tel', meaning of that kind
raisons
Reasons; causes or justifications for an action
auraient
Would have; conditional of 'avoir' third-person plural
suffi
Sufficed; past participle of 'suffire', to be enough
expliquer
To explain; to make something clear or understandable
simplicité
Simplicity; the quality of being plain and uncomplicated
indépendamment
Independently; without depending on another factor
tout
All, any; indicating totality or completeness
sentiment
Feeling; an emotional state or attitude
religieux
Religious; relating to faith, belief, or worship
cas
Case; a particular instance or situation being considered
religion
Religion; a system of faith and worship practices
seule
Alone, only; singular and without others
aurait
Would have; third-person singular conditional of 'avoir'
décidé
Decided; past participle of 'décider', to decide
ainsi
Thus, so; in this way or manner
acquiesçait
Acquiesced; agreed or accepted without objection
doucement
Gently, softly; in a mild or quiet manner
sentiments
Feelings, sentiments; emotional attitudes or opinions
sœur
Sister; a female sibling
tempérant
Moderating; present participle of 'tempérer', to temper
seulement
Only, merely; limiting quantity or scope
sens
Sense; practical judgement or reasonable understanding
capable
Capable; having the ability or capacity to do something
accepter
To accept; to receive or agree to something willingly
doctrines
Doctrines; sets of beliefs or principles taught formally
importantes
Important; of great significance or consequence
sans
Without; indicating absence or lack of something
aucune
No, none; feminine negative determiner indicating absence
agitation
Agitation; a state of anxiety or restless excitement
excentrique
Eccentric; unconventional or odd in behaviour
connaissait
Knew; imperfect of 'connaître', to know someone or something
cœur
Heart; used figuratively in 'par cœur' meaning by memory
nombreux
Numerous; existing in large numbers
passages
Passages; excerpts from a written text or book
Pensées
Thoughts; title of Pascal's famous philosophical writings
destins
Destinies; the fates or outcomes of people's lives
humanité
Humanity; all human beings collectively
vus
Seen; past participle of 'voir', to see
lumière
Light; illumination, also used figuratively for enlightenment
christianisme
Christianity; the religion based on teachings of Christ
faisaient
Made; imperfect of 'faire', third-person plural form
paraître
To seem, appear; to give a certain impression
préoccupations
Preoccupations; matters that dominate one's thoughts
mode
Fashion; prevailing style or trend in clothing
féminine
Feminine; relating to women or female characteristics
occupation
Occupation; an activity one engages in regularly
digne
Worthy; deserving respect or a particular treatment
Bedlam
Bedlam; a place of uproar, historically a London asylum
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