Mother West Wind "Why" Stories — Page 38

Vocabulary

は

wa — Topic-marking particle indicating the sentence topic.

じいさん

jiisan — Old man; grandfather or elderly male person.

カエル

kaeru — Frog; a small amphibian animal.

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or indirect object.

向かって

mukatte — Facing toward; directing oneself in a direction.

にやり

niyari — Grinning slyly; a smirk or cunning smile.

と

to — Particle meaning 'and,' 'with,' or quotation marker.

笑い

warai — Laugh or smile; an expression of amusement.

鼻

hana — Nose; the facial organ used for smelling.

しわ

shiwa — Wrinkle; a fold or crease in skin or fabric.

を

wo — Object-marking particle indicating the direct object.

寄せ

yose — Bring together; gather or wrinkle (e.g., brow).

まし

mashi — Polite past tense auxiliary verb suffix.

た

ta — Past tense grammatical ending for verbs.

そう

sou — That's right; expressing agreement or acknowledgment.

です

desu — Polite copula meaning 'is,' 'am,' or 'are.'

ね

ne — Sentence-ending particle seeking agreement or confirmation.

彼

kare — He; third-person masculine singular pronoun.

言い

ii — Say; stem form of the verb 'to say.'

お母さん

okaasan — Mother; polite or honorific term for one's mother.

自然

shizen — Nature; the natural world or something naturally occurring.

私

watashi — I; first-person singular pronoun, polite register.

より

yori — Than; comparative particle showing a point of comparison.

ずっと

zutto — By far; continuously or to a much greater degree.

たくさん

takusan — Many; a large quantity or amount of something.

の

no — Possessive or nominalizing particle linking nouns.

こと

koto — Thing; an abstract matter, fact, or experience.

知っ

shit(te) — Know; te-form stem of the verb 'to know.'

て

te — Te-form connective particle linking verb phrases.

い

i — Exist (animate); stem of いる indicating ongoing state.

ます

masu — Polite verb ending indicating present or future tense.

が

ga — Subject marker or conjunction meaning 'but.'

あんな

anna — That kind of; referring to something over there.

立派

rippa — Splendid; magnificent, fine, or impressive quality.

な

na — Adjectival ending linking na-adjective to a noun.

上着

uwagi — Jacket; an outer garment worn over other clothes.

与え

atae — Give; stem form of the verb 'to give.'

間違い

machigai — Mistake; an error or incorrect action or judgment.

だっ

dat(ta) — Was; past tense form of the copula だ.

よう

you — Seem; indicates appearance, likeness, or conjecture.

思え

omoe — Think; potential or imperative stem of 'to think.'

きっと

kitto — Surely; expressing strong certainty or expectation.

理由

riyuu — Reason; a cause or explanation for something.

ある

aru — Exist; there is; verb for inanimate existence.

だ

da — Plain copula meaning 'is' or 'am.'

思い

omoi — Thought or feeling; a strong inner sentiment.

どうして

doushite — Why; asking for a reason or explanation.

も

mo — Also; even; particle adding emphasis or inclusion.

理解

rikai — Understanding; comprehension of a concept or situation.

でき

deki — Can do; stem of できる meaning 'to be able.'

ませ

mase — Polite verb suffix used in formal negative endings.

ん

n — Negative ending; also nominalizer in casual speech.

泥棒

dorobou — Thief; a person who steals property from others.

見つけ

mitsuke — Find; discover; stem of the verb 'to find.'

られる

rareru — Passive or potential verb suffix meaning 'can be done.'

中

naka — Inside; among; the interior or middle of something.

で

de — Particle indicating location of action or means.

一番

ichiban — Number one; the most or best among options.

みすぼらしい

misuborashii — Shabby; worn-out and poor in appearance.

服

fuku — Clothes; garments worn on the body.

着せる

kiseru — Dress someone; put clothes on another person.

べき

beki — Should; expresses moral obligation or strong recommendation.

もし

moshi — If; a conditional conjunction introducing hypothetical situations.

立場

tachiba — Position; one's standpoint or situation in context.

なら

nara — If it is; conditional particle for hypothetical statements.

する

suru — Do; perform; a general-purpose action verb.

でしょ

desho — Probably; seeking confirmation or expressing conjecture.

う

u — Volitional suffix expressing intention or conjecture.

体

karada — Body; the physical form of a living being.

全体

zentai — Whole body; entirety of something as a unit.

揺れる

yureru — Sway; shake or rock back and forth gently.

ほど

hodo — To the extent that; approximately or as much as.

くすくす

kusukusu — Giggle; the sound of quiet, suppressed laughter.

あなた

anata — You; second-person pronoun in polite speech.

その

sono — That; demonstrative adjective for nearby reference.

ない

nai — Not exist; negative form of ある or adjective negation.

たち

tachi — Plural suffix added to pronouns or nouns.

何人

nannin — How many people; asking about number of persons.

か

ka — Question particle placed at the end of sentences.

とっ

tot(te) — Take; te-form stem of the verb 'to take.'

幸運

kouun — Good luck; fortune or a fortunate circumstance.

本当

hontou — Really; truly; expressing something genuine or sincere.

あげる

ageru — Give; to give something to someone else.

答え

kotae — Answer; a response or solution to a question.

突然

totsuzen — Suddenly; happening without warning or expectation.

憤慨

fungai — Indignation; feeling deeply offended or outraged.

し

shi — Conjunctive verb form listing reasons or actions.

ふくれあがり

fukureagari — Swell up; puff up with anger or indignation.

どこ

doko — Where; asking about a location or place.

悪い

warui — Bad; wrong; of poor quality or morally incorrect.

いう

iu — Say; tell; the verb meaning 'to say.'

ラビット

Rabitto — Rabbit; a small furry animal (loanword).

言っ

it(te) — Said; te-form of the verb 'to say.'

み

mi — Imperative stem; used in みなさい meaning 'try doing.'

なさい

nasai — Please do; polite imperative command suffix.

誰

dare — Who; asking about the identity of a person.

これ

kore — This; demonstrative pronoun for something nearby.

持っ

mot(te) — Hold; carry; te-form of the verb 'to have.'

いる

iru — To be; exist (animate); ongoing state verb.

大きな

ookina — Big; large; prenominal adjective describing size.

ぎょろぎょろ

gyorogyoro — Wide-eyed staring; rolling or bulging eyes conspicuously.

目

me — Eye; the organ used for seeing.

にらみ

nirami — Glare; a sharp, threatening stare at someone.

つけ

tsuke — Direct at; attach; stem of つける meaning to fix.

言う

iu — Say; the plain form verb meaning 'to say.'

つもり

tsumori — Intention; plan or expectation to do something.

あり

ari — Exist; stem of ある indicating presence or existence.

でし

deshi — Polite copula stem used before た in formal speech.

とても

totemo — Very; extremely; intensifying adverb for adjectives.

急い

isoi — Hurry; te-form stem of the verb 'to hurry.'

いつも

itsumo — Always; usually; happening at all or most times.

緑色

midoriiro — Green color; the color of leaves or grass.

好き

suki — Like; fond of; expressing preference for something.

大

dai — Large; great; prefix indicating bigness or importance.

そして

soshite — And then; furthermore; connecting sequential events.

白

shiro — White; the lightest color, absence of hue.

黄色

kiiro — Yellow; a bright warm color like the sun.

チョッキ

chokki — Vest; a sleeveless garment worn over a shirt.

誇り

hokori — Pride; a feeling of satisfaction in one's achievements.

思う

omou — Think; feel; to hold an opinion or belief.

もの

mono — Thing; object; also softens assertion at sentence end.